Exploring protein structural adaptations and polyphenol interactions: Influences on digestibility in pigeon pea dal and whole grains under heat and germination conditions.

Pigeon pea, a protein-rich legume with low protein digestibility (PD) due to its high polyphenol content and other antinutritional factors (ANFs). Consequently, processing methods are crucial to improve PD. We investigated the effects of thermal treatments (cooking, hydrothermal, autoclaving, infrared rays) treatments and germination on modulation of PD, its properties and association with ANFs in two distinct genotypes based on polyphenol content: high (Pusa Arhar 2018-4) and low (ICP-1452).

Expression pattern of candidate genes and their correlation with various metabolites of abscisic acid biosynthetic pathway under drought stress in rice.

Drought hampers global rice production. Abscisic acid (ABA) plays versatile roles under different environmental stresses. While the link between drought and ABA is known, its effect on ABA biosynthesis genes and metabolites is unclear.

Recent advances in enhancing the production of long chain omega-3 fatty acids in microalgae.

Omega-3 fatty acids have gained attention due to numerous health benefits. Eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are long chain omega-3 fatty acids produced from precursor ALA (α-linolenic acid) in humans but their rate of biosynthesis is low, therefore, these must be present in diet or should be taken as supplements. The commercial sources of omega-3 fatty acids are limited to vegetable oils and marine sources.

Comparative proteome analysis of phosphorus-responsive genotypes reveals the proteins differentially expressed under phosphorous starvation stress in rice.

Phosphorus (P)-deficiency is one of the major nutrient constraints for global rice production. P-deficiency tolerance in rice involves complex regulatory mechanisms. To gain insights into the proteins involved in phosphorus acquisition and use efficiency in rice, proteome analysis of a high-yielding rice cultivar Pusa-44 and its near-isogenic line (NIL)-23 harboring a major phosphorous uptake (Pup1) QTL, grown under control and P-starvation stress, was performed.

Insight of PBZ mediated drought amelioration in crop plants.

Water scarcity is a significant environmental limitation to plant productivity as drought-induced crop output losses are likely to outnumber losses from all other factors. In this context, triazole compounds have recently been discovered to act as plant growth regulators and multi-stress protectants such as heat, chilling, drought, waterlogging, heavy metals, etc. Paclobutrazol (PBZ) [(2RS, 3RS)-1-(4-chlorophenyl)- 4, 4-dimethyl-2-(1H-1, 2, 4-trizol-1-yl)-pentan-3-ol)] disrupts the isoprenoid pathway by blocking ent-kaurene synthesis, affecting gibberellic acid (GA) and abscisic acid (ABA) hormone levels.

Isolation and characterization of drought and ABA responsive promoter of a transcription factor encoding gene from rice.

Unlabelled: Water deficit is a significant impediment to enhancing rice yield. Genetic engineering tools have enabled agriculture researchers to develop drought-tolerant cultivars of rice. A common strategy to achieve this involves expressing drought-tolerant genes driven by constitutive promoters such as CaMV35S.

Phosphorus homeostasis: acquisition, sensing, and long-distance signaling in plants.

Phosphorus (P), an essential nutrient required by plants often becomes the limiting factor for plant growth and development. Plants employ various mechanisms to sense the continuously changing P content in the soil. Transcription factors, such as SHORT ROOT (SHR), AUXIN RESPONSE FACTOR19 (ARF19), and ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 (EIN3) regulate the growth of primary roots, root hairs, and lateral roots under low P.

Effects of excessive use of mobile phone technology in India on human health during COVID-19 lockdown.

Objective: The global health crisis in the form of COVID-19 has forced people to shift their routine activities into a remote environment with the help of technology. The outbreak of the COVID-19 has caused several organizations to be shut down and forced them to initiate work from home employing technology. Now more than ever, it's important for people and institutions to understand the impact of excessive use of mobile phone technology and electronic gadgets on human health, cognition, and behavior.

Targeted knockdown of ribulose-1, 5-bisphosphate carboxylase-oxygenase in rice mesophyll cells.

We generated antisense constructs targeting two of the five Rubisco small subunit genes (OsRBCS2 and 4) which account for between 30-40 % of the RBCS transcript abundance in leaf blades. The constructs were driven by a maize phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPC) promoter known to have enriched expression in mesophyll cells (MCs). In the resulting lines leaf, Rubisco protein content was reduced by between 30-50 % and CO assimilation rate was limited under photorespiratory and non-photorespiratory conditions.

Correlation between expression and activity of ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase and starch synthase and their role in starch accumulation during grain filling under drought stress in rice.

ADP glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase, EC 2.7.7.

Starch accumulation in rice grains subjected to drought during grain filling stage.

Drought stress during the grain filling stage severely affects the quality and quantity of starch in rice grains. The enzymes such as ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase, EC 2.7.

Regulation of phytosterol biosynthetic pathway during drought stress in rice.

Plants respond to drought stress in the form of various physio-biochemical and molecular changes at both cellular and molecular levels. Drought stress causes the destruction of cell membranes by disintegration of membrane lipids. One of the major groups of membrane lipids that plays important role in preserving the integrity of cell membranes is phytosterols.

Elicitor-Induced Biochemical and Molecular Manifestations to Improve Drought Tolerance in Rice ( L.) through Seed-Priming.

Rice ( L.) is one of the major grain cereals of the Indian subcontinent which face water-deficit stress for their cultivation. Seed-priming has been reported to be a useful approach to complement stress responses in plants.

Expression analysis of bZIP transcription factor encoding genes in response to water deficit stress in rice.

In plants, basic region/leucine zipper motif (bZIP) transcription factors regulate several developmental processes and activate genes in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. Role of stress responsive bZIP transcription factors was studied in paddy in relation to different stages of development and water deficit stress (WDS) in a drought tolerant cultivar N22 and susceptible IR 64. Further, relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI) and abscisic acid (ABA) content were measured as indices of WDS at different stages of development and levels of stress.

Cloning and characterization of a water deficit stress responsive transcription factor gene from Oryza sativa L.

Understanding the biochemical and molecular basis of drought mechanism in rice is important as drought is one of the major causes affecting rice crop adversely. A 1017 bp gene sequence encoding AP2/ERF family TF was isolated from Oryza sativa sp. Indica cv N22 encoding a protein of 338 amino acid residues, with a molecular weight of 36.

Role of phytosterols in drought stress tolerance in rice.

Phytosterols are integral components of the membrane lipid bilayer in plants. They regulate membrane fluidity to influence its properties, functions and structure. An increase in accumulation of phytosterols namely campesterol, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol was observed in rice as seedlings matured.

Role of gamma-oryzanol in drought-tolerant and susceptible cultivars of rice (Oryza sativa L.).

Drought-tolerant cultivars and their phytochemical composition, which has a role in providing drought tolerance are gaining importance. In this study, rice bran oil and semi-purified oryzanol (SPO) obtained from five rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars, namely P1401 and PB1 (drought-susceptible) and N22, PNR381 and APO (drought-tolerant) were analyzed for the gamma-oryzanol content, an antioxidant present in considerable amount in the rice bran.

Cloning and characterization of a gene encoding novel zinc finger protein transcription factor induced under water deficit stress from rice (Oryza sativa) cv. N-22.

A gene OsZnI encoding Cys3/His1-type zinc finger protein was isolated from the water stress-induced cDNA library of rice (Oryza sativa) cv. N-22, an early maturing, deep-rooted, drought-tolerant genotype adapted to upland conditions. The in-silico analysis revealed an insert of 800 bp with an ORF of 663 nucleotides, encoding 221 amino acids.

Cloning and characterization of drought responsive partial gene sequence(s) from Oryza sativa L. subsp. Indica.

Differential display gels were run for the drought tolerant (N-22) and drought susceptible (Panidhan) genotypes of rice (Oryza sativa) to identify the genes showing differential expression with respect to moisture stress. Differential cDNA products were cloned in PCR-Trap vector and analyzed for differential expression by Northern hybridization. Two clones namely R4A and R7G were found to be associated with water deficit stress (WDS).

Isolation of stress responsive Psb A gene from rice (Oryza sativa l.) using differential display.

Differential display (DD) experiments were performed on drought-tolerant rice (Oryza sativa L.) genotype N22 to identify both upregulated and downregulated partial cDNAs with respect to moisture stress. DNA polymorphism was detected between drought-stressed and control leaf tissues on the DD gels.

Protein profiles of two rice varieties by 2-D gel electrophoresis under moisture stress.

Two rice varieties N22 (drought-tolerant) and Panidhan (drought-susceptible) were studied for the protein profiles under control, moisture stress and abscisic acid (ABA) treatments. Both qualitative and quantitative differences were observed. In control and ABA treatment, the number of polypeptides was more in N22, compared to Panidhan.