Role of 18-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography in Predicting Residual Disease Posttreatment Completion in Retinoblastoma Patients.

Background: Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common primary intraocular malignancy of childhood. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the orbit and brain is the preferred imaging modality to diagnose and define extent of disease as well as to assess response to therapy. Sometimes, it may be difficult to differentiate the presence of active residual disease from therapy-related changes based on posttreatment completion MRI.

First-in-Human Experience With 177Lu-DOTAGA.(SA.FAPi)2 Therapy in an Uncommon Case of Aggressive Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma Clinically Mimicking as Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer.

A 56-year-old man was diagnosed with calcitonin negative, plasma chromogranin A-positive, immunohistochemistry-negative, high-grade MTC (medullary thyroid cancer) behaving clinically like anaplastic thyroid cancer and presented with progressive disease after conventional therapies. A theranostic approach of 68Ga-DOTA.SA.

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma mimicking carcinoid on preoperative imaging in a 14-year-old female.

Pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma is a rare benign neoplasm of the lung, commonly occurs in middle-aged persons with a marked female predominance. Earlier, it was known as sclerosing hemangioma. Here, we present a case of pulmonary sclerosing pneumocytoma which was diagnosed as carcinoid of the lung, based on imaging, in a 14-year-old female.

Ga-68 PSMA PET/CT in recurrent high-grade gliomas: evaluating PSMA expression in vivo.

Purpose: We planned this prospective study to evaluate PSMA expression in recurrent high-grade gliomas (rHGG), including anaplastic astrocytoma and glioblastoma using Glu-NH-CO-NH-Lys-(Ahx)-[Ga-68 (HBED-CC)]- (Ga-68 PSMA) positron emission tomography (PET), with its theranostic potential in mind.

Methods: This was a prospective study enrolling patients with clinical and MRI evidence of rHGG on follow-up. Three treated cases of HGG with RN on MRI were also included as negative controls.

Designing and Comparing Performances of Image Processing Pipeline for Enhancement of I-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine Images.

Objective: An image processing pipeline can have more than one image processing technique in sequence, and the output of the first technique becomes input for the next technique and so on. In this study, we have designed and compared the performances of image processing pipelines for enhancement of I-131-metaiodobenzylguanidine (mIBG) images.

Materials And Methods: Five different image processing pipelines (A [Gaussian filter, normalization], B [histogram specification (image 1), Gaussian filter, normalization], C [histogram specification (image 2), Gaussian filter, normalization], D [{histogram specification (image 3), Gaussian filter, and normalization], and E [histogram specification (image 4), Gaussian filter, normalization]) were designed and their performances were evaluated on I-131-mIBG images ( = 122).

F-18 ML-104 tau PET imaging in mild cognitive impairment.

Objective: This study was undertaken to evaluate the tau distribution patterns in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) using PET radiotracer F-18 ML-104.

Materials And Methods: Thirty patients, clinically diagnosed as aMCI [mini mental state evaluation ≥24] in the neurology or geriatric memory clinics, were included in the study. Each aMCI patient underwent F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose and F-18 ML-104 tau PET.

Pterygoid Base Pneumatization Simulating Residual Disease-A Pitfall of Structural Imaging in Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma.

As prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression is universal in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, it is commonly used for specifically differentiating recurrences from surgical site reparative tissues. Postoperative contrast-enhanced MRI revealed a residual disease in the left pterygoid base, but there was no PET/CT uptake with 68Ga-labeled PSMA at the same site. In retrospect, in comparison with preoperative PET/CT, it was found that the pterygoid base pneumatization was showing enhancement in contrast-enhanced MRI and not in functional PSMA.

Thoracic Extradural Paraganglioma Localized on 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT.

We present the case of a 33-year-old woman with complaints of headache and palpitations with raised urinary catecholamines. Ultrasound of the abdomen was noncontributory, and the patient was referred for 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT, which revealed tracer accumulation in the thecal sac/spinal canal at D5-D7 level, suggestive of a thoracic paraganglioma. MRI of the spine subsequently confirmed the presence of an extradural mass in the spinal canal extending from D4 to D8.

68Ga-PSMA PET/CT Scan on Postoperative Assessment of Sinonasal Glomangiopericytoma.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed on the endothelial cells of tumor-associated neovasculature of various nonprostatic benign and malignant neoplasms. Positive intense uptake on PET/CT imaging with 68Ga-labeled PSMA is noted in a patient with sinonasal glomangiopericytoma, and the same is noted to be absent following complete surgical excision. 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT may be a useful tool for early recurrence identification, differentiating recurrence from surgical site reparative tissues, and peptide receptor radionuclide therapy of residual lesions.

Physiological PSMA Uptake in the Tubarial Salivary Glands and Its Implications in the PARIS Protocol-A First Study of Its Kind!

Objectives: Because prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression is universal in juvenile nasal angiofibroma (JNA), PSMA PET/CT is commonly used in the postoperative setting using the postoperative angiofibroma radionuclide imaging study protocol. Our study aims to illustrate physiological PSMA ligand uptake distribution characteristics in the salivary glands, specifically the tubarial glands with tumor, to aid in accurate PSMA PET/CT analysis.

Study Design: Forty-three consecutive patients who underwent a dedicated head and neck spot PSMA PET/CT for JNA were evaluated retrospectively.

Clinical Utility of Ga-DOTANOC Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography Scan on Postoperative Assessment of Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma.

Somatostatin cell surface receptors are expressed on the peritumoral vessels of various benign and malignant neoplasms including angiofibromas. Positive initial uptake on positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT) imaging with Ga-labeled DOTANOC is noted in a patient with juvenile nasal angiofibroma (JNA), and the same is noted to be absent following complete surgical excision. Functional Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT may be an early useful tool for JNA residual/recurrence identification and precise postoperative surveillance.

An Unusual Case of Synovial Sarcoma with Breast Metastasis: Findings on Positron Emission Tomography-Computed Tomography.

Synovial sarcomas are aggressive soft-tissue tumors with the propensity for metastases at presentation or later course of disease. The most common site of metastases is lung, followed by lymph node and bone. It rarely metastasizes to the liver and to the brain.

Fusion 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/MRI in Primary Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma.

Somatostatin cell surface receptors are expressed in many different benign and malignant tumors and are often exploited for imaging and therapy of neuroendocrine tumors. A 17-year-old adolescent boy with clinicoradiologically diagnosed JNA (juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma) also underwent 68Ga-DOTANOC PET to explore somatostatin cell surface receptors' expression and its theranostic potential. Fusion PET/MRI, a novel imaging technology, exactly depicted the anatomical extensions of the tumor with avid DOTANOC uptake.

Clinical utility of Ga68 DOTANOC PET/CT imaging in juvenile nasal angiofibroma and the PARIS protocol: a preliminary report.

Objectives: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) expresses different somatostatin cell surface receptors and Ga68 [DOTA, 1-Nal3]-octreotide (DOTANOC)-PET/computed tomography (CT) scan may be used for its imaging. Also, functional imaging with DOTANOC-PET/CT may promise of greater accuracy in the detection or exclusion of recurrent/residual JNA.

Methods: In this prospective study, five JNA patients who underwent a DOTANOC-PET-CT scan both preoperatively and postoperatively during June 2018-March 2020 were included.

Ga DOTANOC PET/CT Scan in Primary Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma - A Pilot Study.

Objectives/hypothesis: Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are highly expressed in neuroendocrine tumors and is exploited for its imaging and treatment. SSTRs expression is also demonstrated in diverse benign and malignant tumor cell types and proliferating peri-tumoral vessels. Similarly, Juvenile Nasopharyngeal Angiofibroma (JNA) expresses different SSTRs and may be utilized for its imaging and treatment using DOTA, 1-Nal3-octreotide (DOTANOC)-PET/CT scan.

68Ga-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT in Sinonasal Glomangiopericytoma-Exploring Theranostic Avenues!

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed in the tumor-associated endothelial neovasculature of various nonprostatic benign and malignant neoplasms. A 25-year-old man with recurrent sinonasal glomangiopericytoma underwent whole-body 68Ga PSMA PET/CT to explore its theranostic role. There was intense PSMA uptake (SUVmax = 23.

Metastatic Medulloblastoma: 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT in Response Evaluation.

We describe the utility of molecular imaging with 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTANOC PET for treatment response assessment in a case of metastatic medulloblastoma. 18F-FDG and 68Ga-DOTANOC PET/CT revealed extensive metastases to bone and bone marrow. Patient subsequently had an excellent response to systemic chemotherapy which was evidenced by resolution of tracer-avid skeletal lesions on both FDG and DOTANOC PET/CT.

Biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, dosimetry of [Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.FAPi, and the head-to-head comparison with [F]F-FDG PET/CT in patients with various cancers.

Purpose: [Ga]Ga-labeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitors ([Ga]Ga-FAPi) have shown promising preclinical and clinical results in PET imaging. The present study aimed to evaluate the biodistribution, pharmacokinetics, and dosimetry of [Ga]Ga-DOTA.SA.

Comparison of Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/CT and Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Follow-up Assessment of Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma-A Novel Pilot Study.

Purpose/background: The specific identification of residual/recurrent juvenile nasal angiofibroma (JNA) following surgical treatment remains difficult. Contrast MRI and CT may not enable the differentiation of tumor from postsurgical reparative tissue. Functional imaging with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) PET/CT targeting tumor-associated neovasculature has recently demonstrated universal positive uptake in primary JNA and offers promise of greater accuracy in the detection or exclusion of recurrent/residual JNA.

A rare presentation of Erdheim Chester disease in a pediatric patient subsequently cured on the LCH III protocol.

Background: Erdheim Chester disease (ECD) is very rare in pediatrics with no standard treatment guidelines. Here we present the case of a pediatric ECD patient who was cured with a Langerhan cell histiocytosis (LCH) directed chemotherapy protocol.

Aim: The aim of the report was to publish this rare presentation of ECD in pediatrics and highlight the complete response obtained to treatment.

177Lu-/68Ga-PSMA Theranostics in Recurrent Glioblastoma Multiforme: Proof of Concept.

A 37-year-old man, treated case of left temporal glioblastoma presented with headache, seizures, and progressive right-sided weakness with MRI evidence of recurrence. Exploratory Ga-PSMA PET/CT demonstrated PSMA expression in the recurrent lesion; it was decided to treat this patient with Lu-PSMA-617. After 3 cycles of Lu-PSMA-617, Ga-PSMA PET/CT showed significant reduction in PSMA uptake and regression in size of lesion on MRI with improvement in patient's symptoms and performance status.

Fusion 68Ga-Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen PET/MRI on Postoperative Surveillance of Juvenile Nasal Angiofibroma.

Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is expressed universally in juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA). As contrast enhancement of postoperative scar is common with contrast-enhanced MRI (CEMRI), diagnosis of residual/recurrent JNA remains perplexing. Prostate-specific membrane antigen PET targets only the neovasculature and may aid in resolving this dilemma.

Extrastriatal Peri-infarct Accumulation of 99mTc-TRODAT.

We describe the extrastriatal accumulation of dopamine transporter imaging agent Tc-TRODAT in the peri-infarct area in a 75-year-old man referred for dopamine transporter SPECT imaging with a suspicion of idiopathic Parkinson disease.

Tracer Accumulation in Relation to Venous Thrombus on F-DOPA PET/CT in a Case of Persistent Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia of Infancy.

F-DOPA PET/CT is commonly done in patients with persistent hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia of infancy (PHHI) to look for any focal lesion in the pancreas. We present the findings in a 20-day-old neonate with PHHI who underwent F-DOPA PET/CT. The scan showed diffuse uptake in the pancreas with no focal lesion, physiologic excretion into the genito-urinary system, and interestingly tracer accumulation was seen in the inferior vena cava and ilio-femoral veins which is a non-physiological site for tracer accumulation.