Prevalence and severity of coronal and radicular caries among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross sectional study.

Background: Studies among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients have reported total caries experience; however the severity and clinical consequences of untreated dental caries are often ignored.

Methods: For this study, 150 well (I) and poorly controlled (II) diabetic participants were recruited. The spectrum of caries was evaluated using DMFT (Decayed, Missing and Filled Tooth) index, Dental Caries Severity Classification Scale, PUFA (Pulpal involvement, Ulceration, Fistula and Abscess) index, RCI (Root Caries Index) and the severity of radicular caries by Root Surface Caries Severity Index.

FRAX-based osteoporosis treatment guidelines for resource-poor settings in India.

Unlabelled: Using the FRAX® model for India, thresholds for osteoporosis evaluation and treatment without bone mineral density measurement were derived and were validated in a cohort of 300 patients. We suggest the use of this newer age and ethnic-specific FRAX®-derived thresholds for management of osteoporosis in India.

Purpose: Our study aimed to formulate population-specific intervention thresholds for treatment of osteoporosis in India which can be used even without dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).

Health related quality of life in pediatric onset Type 1 diabetes mellitus in Kerala, India.

Background: To study the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in pediatric onset Type 1 diabetes mellitus (TIDM) in the state of Kerala in India.

Methods: Diabetes specific HRQoL was determined in 107 subjects with onset of T1DM less than 21 years using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) 3.2 questionnaire of which 69 also completed the PedsQL 4.

Clinical Profile of Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Audit from a Tertiary Care Center in South India.

Context: Medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC), being an aggressive disease, requires meticulous follow-up and multidisciplinary management. The clinical presentation, management, outcome of MTC varies among different populations.

Aims: An audit was conducted to evaluate the demography, clinical presentation, management, and outcome of MTC in a tertiary care center in South India.

South Indian Cuisine with Low Glycemic Index Ingredients Reduces Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes.

: Inflammation is considered as a predictor of cardiovascular diseases in type 2 diabetes mellitus. No previous studies have investigated the effect of low glycemic index (LGI) recipes of South Indian cuisine on the risk factors of cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes. : The aim of this randomized controlled trial was to evaluate the improvement in cardiovascular risk factors and blood glucose control, in patients with type 2 diabetes, after intervention with recipes of Kerala cuisine, from locally available whole grain cereals, low in glycemic index.

Monogenic diabetes: A single center experience from South India.

Monogenic forms of diabetes in children are frequently misclassified as either type 1 diabetes or young-onset type 2 diabetes. There is a paucity of literature regarding pediatric monogenic diabetes in the Indian population. A retrospective analysis of case records of 37 children with monogenic diabetes who were diagnosed between 2008 and 2019 in a South Indian tertiary care center was performed.

The Effect of a Low GI Diet on Truncal Fat Mass and Glycated Hemoglobin in South Indians with Type 2 Diabetes-A Single Centre Randomized Prospective Study.

Background: There has been no previous study that has investigated the effect of a low glycemic index (LGI) diet with local recipes of South Indian cuisine on the body fat composition using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Truncal obesity has been associated with the risk of metabolic disorders and cardiovascular diseases.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of a low GI diet on glycemic control and body composition in people with type 2 diabetes in South India.

Insulin Autoantibody Syndrome: Varying Clinical Presentations and Response Patterns of an Underrecognized Entity.

Context: Insulin autoantibody syndrome (IAAS) is considered to be a rare cause of hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia. Lack of familiarity with the varied clinical manifestations leads to underdiagnosis. Localization techniques aimed at insulin-secreting neoplasms and nesidioblastosis, which are expensive often are ordered when the correct diagnosis is not made.

Prospective Study of Bethesda Categories III and IV Thyroid Nodules: Outcomes and Predictive Value of BRAF Mutation.

Introduction: Atypia of undetermined significance or follicular lesion of undetermined significance (AUS/FLUS) of The Bethesda System for Reporting Thyroid Cytopathology (TBSRTC) has emerged as the most controversial category because of its heterogeneity and inconsistent reporting. There is a definite paucity in data available from the Indian subcontinent about the outcome of nodules carrying Bethesda category III or Bethesda category IV diagnoses.

Aims And Objectives: The primary objective of our study was to determine the malignancy rate in Bethesda categories III and IV nodules.

Metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk factors and health-related quality of life in children, adolescents and young adults with congenital adrenal hyperplasia.

Background The present study was designed to evaluate the metabolic profile, cardiovascular risk factors and quality of life in children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) and compare it with age- and sex-matched controls. Methods Fifty-two patients aged 3-21 years with classic CAH due to 21-hydroxylase deficiency were included in the study. Metabolic profiling was done for 36 cases and compared with 28 healthy age- and sex-matched controls.

Outcomes of Bilateral Adrenalectomy in Cushing's Syndrome.

Context: The literature on outcomes of bilateral adrenalectomy (BADx) in Cushing's syndrome (CS) is scant.

Aims: The aim of this study is to analyze the short- and long-term outcomes of patients who underwent BADx and to compare the outcomes among different etiologies of CS.

Settings And Design: This is a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent BADx for CS at our center between 2005 and 2018.

Treatment outcomes in pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma.

Background Until the American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines on management of pediatric differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) became available in 2015, all children with DTC were treated like adults. This study aims to investigate the outcome of pediatric DTC and factors predicting the response to therapy in pediatric DTC managed according to adult guidelines. Methods Clinical records of 41 children less than 18 years of age diagnosed with DTC followed from 2007 in a single center were reviewed.

A Comparison of Clinicopathological Characteristics and Short-Term Outcome of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma with Tall Cell Histology and Classic Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Single-Institution Experience.

Context: Papillary thyroid carcinoma with tall cell histology (PTC-TCH) is an aggressive subtype in terms of clinicopathological features and outcome. Even 10% of tall cells can show aggressive features.

Aims: The aim of this study is to investigate the behavior of PTC-TCH, to compare with classic PTC (cPTC), and evaluate the short-term outcome.

Radiofrequency Ablation Followed by Percutaneous Ethanol Ablation Leading to Long-Term Remission of Hyperparathyroidism.

A 30-year-old male with cerebral palsy and motor impairment presented with right femur fracture. He had gradually worsening mobility and contractures of all extremities for the preceding 5 years. Evaluation showed multiple vertebral and femoral fractures, severe osteoporosis, a large parathyroid adenoma, and parathormone (PTH) exceeding 2500 pg/mL.

Unilateral adrenal mass as the sole initial manifestation of differentiated thyroid cancer.

Unilateral adrenal metastases without disseminated disease has rarely been reported in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). A 72-year-old female presented with vague abdominal discomfort and loss of appetite of 2 months duration. She had undergone left hemithyroidectomy for a benign thyroid nodule 18 years ago.

Technetium uptake predicts remission and relapse in Grave's disease patients on antithyroid drugs for at least 1 year in South Indian subjects.

Context: Most of the information on remission related factors in Grave's disease are derived from Western literature. It is likely that there may be additional prognostic factors and differences in the postdrug treatment course of Grave's disease in India.

Aim: To study factors which predict remission/relapse in Grave's disease patients from South India.

Utility of Gallium-68 DOTANOC PET/CT in the localization of Tumour-induced osteomalacia.

Background: Tumour-induced osteomalacia (TIO) is a rare disorder characterized by hypophosphataemic osteomalacia caused by small mesenchymal tumours secreting fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF 23). The most difficult part in the management of these patients is the localization of tumours causing TIO.

Objective: We describe the utility of Gallium (Ga)-68 DOTANOC PET/CT in the localization of tumours causing TIO.