Long non-coding RNA SNHG8 drives stress granule formation in tauopathies.

Tauopathies are a heterogenous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by tau aggregation in the brain. In a subset of tauopathies, rare mutations in the MAPT gene, which encodes the tau protein, are sufficient to cause disease; however, the events downstream of MAPT mutations are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcripts >200 nucleotides with low/no coding potential that regulate transcription and translation, and their role in tauopathy.

Defects in lysosomal function and lipid metabolism in human microglia harboring a TREM2 loss of function mutation.

TREM2 is an innate immune receptor expressed by microglia in the adult brain. Genetic variation in the TREM2 gene has been implicated in risk for Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia, while homozygous TREM2 mutations cause a rare leukodystrophy, Nasu-Hakola disease (NHD). Despite extensive investigation, the role of TREM2 in NHD pathogenesis remains poorly understood.

Long non-coding RNA drives stress granule formation in tauopathies.

Tauopathies are a heterogenous group of neurodegenerative disorders characterized by tau aggregation in the brain. In a subset of tauopathies, rare mutations in the gene, which encodes the tau protein, are sufficient to cause disease; however, the events downstream of mutations are poorly understood. Here, we investigate the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), transcripts >200 nucleotides with low/no coding potential that regulate transcription and translation, and their role in tauopathy.

Inhibiting ACK1-mediated phosphorylation of C-terminal Src kinase counteracts prostate cancer immune checkpoint blockade resistance.

Solid tumours are highly refractory to immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapies due to the functional impairment of effector T cells and their inefficient trafficking to tumours. T-cell activation is negatively regulated by C-terminal Src kinase (CSK); however, the exact mechanism remains unknown. Here we show that the conserved oncogenic tyrosine kinase Activated CDC42 kinase 1 (ACK1) is able to phosphorylate CSK at Tyrosine 18 (pY18), which enhances CSK function, constraining T-cell activation.

Acetylated HOXB13 Regulated Super Enhancer Genes Define Therapeutic Vulnerabilities of Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer.

Purpose: Androgen receptor (AR) antagonism is exacerbated by HOXB13 in castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC). However, it is unclear when and how HOXB13 primes CRPCs for AR antagonism. By mass-spectrometry analysis of CRPC extract, we uncovered a novel lysine 13 (K13) acetylation in HOXB13 mediated by CBP/p300.

Chronologically modified androgen receptor in recurrent castration-resistant prostate cancer and its therapeutic targeting.

Resistance to second-generation androgen receptor (AR) antagonists such as enzalutamide is an inevitable consequence in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC). There are no effective therapeutic options for this recurrent disease. The expression of truncated AR variant 7 (AR-V7) has been suggested to be one mechanism of resistance; however, its low frequency in patients with CRPC does not explain the almost universal acquisition of resistance.

Loss of Long Noncoding RNA in Prostate Cancer Augments Androgen Receptor Expression and Enzalutamide Resistance.

Androgen receptor (AR) signaling continues to play a dominant role in all stages of prostate cancer, including castration-resistant prostate cancers (CRPC) that have developed resistance to second generation AR antagonists such as enzalutamide. In this study, we identified a long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), (LOC105373241) that is located convergent with the AR gene and is repressed in human prostate tumors and cell lines. bound upstream of the promoter and promoted EZH2 recruitment, causing significant loss of AR (and AR-V7) expression.

4-acetamido-3-nitrobenzoic acid - structural, quantum chemical studies, ADMET and molecular docking studies of SARS-CoV2.

In December 2019, a new type of SARS corona virus emerged from China and caused a globally pandemic corona virus disease (COVID-19). This highly infectious virus has been named as SARS-CoV-2 by the International Committee of the Taxonomy of Viruses. It has severely affected a large population and economy worldwide.

Culturable diversity of bacterial endophytes associated with medicinal plants of the Western Ghats, India.

Bacterial endophytes are found in the internal tissues of plants and have intimate associations with their host. However, little is known about the diversity of medicinal plant endophytes (ME) or their capability to produce specialised metabolites that may contribute to therapeutic properties. We isolated 75 bacterial ME from 24 plant species of the Western Ghats, India.

AEBP1 down regulation induced cell death pathway depends on PTEN status of glioma cells.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common aggressive form of brain cancer with overall dismal prognosis (10-12 months) despite all current multimodal treatments. Previously we identified adipocyte enhancer binding protein 1 (AEBP1) as a differentially regulated gene in GBM. On probing the role of AEBP1 over expression in glioblastoma, we found that both cellular proliferation and survival were affected upon AEBP1 silencing in glioma cells, resulting in cell death.

Synthesis of Biogenic Copper Nanoparticles Embedded in Graphene Oxide-Chitosan Composite and Its Anti-Bacterial and Cytotoxic Activities.

In the current scenario, nanoparticle synthesis has been fascinated by biogenic approaches than the chemical methods. However, reproducibility of the source stands essentially in nanoparticle synthesis. Nanoparticle synthesis by fungi has more advantages such as the potential for bioaccumulation, immunity towards toxicity, relatively easier to handle, simpler in synthesis and downstream processing.

DDX5/p68 associated lncRNA LOC284454 is differentially expressed in human cancers and modulates gene expression.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are emerging as important players in regulation of gene expression in higher eukaryotes. DDX5/p68 RNA helicase protein which is involved in splicing of precursor mRNAs also interacts with lncRNAs like, SRA and mrhl, to modulate gene expression. We performed RIP-seq analysis in HEK293T cells to identify the complete repertoire of DDX5/p68 interacting transcripts including 73 single exonic (SE) lncRNAs.

Long Noncoding RNAs in Cancer and Therapeutic Potential.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are the major elements of the mammalian transcriptome that is emerging as a central player controlling diverse cellular mechanisms. Most of the well-studied lncRNAs so far are found to be crucial in regulating cellular processes such as cell cycle, growth, and apoptosis that ensure homeostasis. Owing to their location and distribution in the genome, lncRNAs influence the transcription of a wide range of proteins directly or indirectly by transcriptional and posttranscriptional alterations, which opens up the "LncRNA-cancer paradigm" in a context-dependent manner, i.

Low-dose chemotherapeutic drugs induce reactive oxygen species and initiate apoptosis-mediated genomic instability.

Prolonged cancer cell survival, acquiring drug resistance, and secondary cancer development despite chemotherapy are the major challenges during cancer treatment, whose underlying mechanism still remains elusive. In this study, low-doses of chemotherapeutic drugs (LDCD) - doxorubicin (DOX), etoposide (ETOP), and busulfan (BUS) were used to ascertain the effect of residual concentrations of drugs on breast cancer cells. Our results showed that exposure to LDCD caused significant induction of ROS, early signs of apoptosis and accumulation of cells in S and G-M phases of the cell cycle in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cell lines.

GAS5 long non-coding RNA in malignant pleural mesothelioma.

Background: Malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) is an aggressive cancer with short overall survival. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) are a class of RNAs more than 200 nucleotides long that do not code for protein and are part of the 90% of the human genome that is transcribed. Earlier experimental studies in mice showed GAS5 (growth arrest specific transcript 5) gene deletion in asbestos driven mesothelioma.

Polymer-cobalt(III) complexes: structural analysis of metal chelates on DNA interaction and comparative cytotoxic activity.

A new series of pendant-type polymer-cobalt(III) complexes, [Co(LL)2(BPEI)Cl](2+), (where BPEI = branched polyethyleneimine, LL = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c](6,7,8,9-tetrahydro)phenazine (dpqc), dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq) and imidazo[4,5-f]1,10-phenanthroline (ip)) each with three different degrees of coordination have been synthesized and characterized. Studies to know the mode and strength of interaction between these polymer-metal complexes and calf thymus DNA have been performed by UV-Visible absorption and emission techniques. Among these series, each polymer metal complex having higher binding strength with DNA has been selected to test against human cancer/normal cell lines.

An investigation on the cytotoxicity and caspase-mediated apoptotic effect of biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles using Podophyllum hexandrum on human cervical carcinoma cells.

Now-a-days synthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through biological entity is quite interesting to employ AgNPs for various biomedical applications in general and treatment of cancer in particular. This paper presents the green synthesis of AgNPs using leaf extract of Podophyllum hexandrum Royle and optimized with various parameters such as pH, temperature, reaction time, volume of extract and metal ion concentration for synthesis of AgNPs. TEM, XRD and FTIR were adopted for characterization.

In vitro and in vivo evaluation of antioxidant and antigenotoxic potential of Punica granatum leaf extract.

Context: Several studies have reported the antioxidant activity and potential therapeutic properties of Punica granatum L. (Lythraceae) fruit. Medicinal properties have also been attributed to other parts of P.

Role of Syzygium cumini seed extract in the chemoprevention of in vivo genomic damage and oxidative stress.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: [corrected] The seeds of Syzygium cumini, Skeels (Jamun) are extensively used in India for treatment of diabetes and other ailments.

Aim Of The Study: The aim of this work was to assess the role of Jamun seed extract (JSE) as a chemoprotective agent against in vivo oxidative stress and genomic damage.

Materials And Methods: Experiments were carried out to evaluate in vitro protective effects of JSE against hydroxyl radical induced damage in pBR322 DNA, and in vivo genomic damage and oxidative stress in mice which received JSE orally for 5 days before exposure to genotoxic carcinogens urethane (URE) and 7,12-dimethyl benz(a)anthracene (DMBA).