Occurrence of multi drug resistant ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in livestock and in-silico identification of probable catalytic domain in circulating ESBL variants.

The study was conducted to detect the occurrence and phenotypic resistance pattern of ESBL-producing Enterobacteriaceae in livestock using docking based analysis to reveal the classes of antibiotics against which ESBL-producers are active. Rectal swabs from healthy cattle (n=100), goats (n=88), pigs (n=66) were collected from backyard farms in Andaman and Nicober island (India). In total, 304 isolates comprising E.

Patterns of asexual reproduction of the soybean aphid, (Matsumura), with and without the secondary symbionts and on susceptible and resistant soybean genotypes.

Plant breeding is used to develop crops with host resistance to aphids, however, virulent biotypes often develop that overcome host resistance genes. We tested whether the symbionts, () and (), affect virulence and fecundity in soybean aphid biotypes Bt1 and Bt3 cultured on whole plants and detached leaves of three resistant, , and and one susceptible, , soybean genotypes. Whole plants and individual aphid experiments of with and without and did not show differences in overall fecundity.

Leptospiral cell wall hydrolase (LIC_10271) binding peptidoglycan, lipopolysaccharide, and laminin and the protein show LysM and M23 domains are co-existing in pathogenic species.

Leptospirosis, a global reemerging zoonosis caused by the spirochete Leptospira, has severe human and veterinary implications. Cell wall hydrolase (LIC_10271) with LytM (peptidase M23) and LysM domains are found to be associated with various pathogenic bacteria. These domains regulate effects on extracellular matrix and biofilm components, which promote cell wall remodeling and pathogen dissemination in the host.

Leptospiral imelysin (LIC_10713) is secretory, immunogenic and binds to laminin, fibronectin, and collagen IV.

Leptospirosis is a widespread zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira. Early and accurate diagnosis is the prime step in managing the disease. Secretory proteins of Leptospira remain distinguished for diagnosis due to their availability as soluble proteins in the serum and their interaction with the host immune response due to their extracellular presence.

Peeping into Mitochondrial Diversity of Andaman Goats: Unveils Possibility of Maritime Transport with Diversified Geographic Signaling.

Andaman and Nicobar Islands, a part of South-East Asia, is enriched with the presence of native breeds of livestock (cattle, pig, goat) and poultry. There are two native goat breeds, viz., Andaman local goat and Teressa goat in Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Supplementing turmeric rhizome powder in growing Andaman local pigs: a conflated approach for therapy evaluation.

This paper examined the pluripotent effect of supplementation of turmeric rhizome powder (TRP) (Curcuma longa) in growing Andaman local pigs. A total of 48 pigs were randomly allotted into four groups and fed diets containing TRP at 4 concentrations, that is, 0 (control group), 0.05 (treatment 1), 0.

Exploring broilers and native fowls of Andaman and Nicobar Islands as a source of β-lactamase-producing even with limited anthropogenic activities and docking-based identification of catalytic domains in novel β-lactamase variants.

Objectives: The present study was conducted to detect the occurrence of β-lactamase and biofilm-producing , and in broilers and native fowl reared in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. The study also included molecular docking experiments to confirm the nature of the catalytic domains found in the β-lactamase variants obtained and to reveal the clonal relationship of the isolates with human clinical strains from the database.

Materials And Methods: A total of 199 cloacal swabs were collected from five poultry breeds/varieties (broiler, , and layer) in three districts of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Legacies of domestication, Neolithic diffusion and trade between Indian subcontinent and Island Southeast Asia shape maternal genetic diversity of Andaman cattle.

Andaman cattle is a precious indigenous livestock species endemic to Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Till date, origin and genetic makeup of the breed which is warranted for breed conservation is not known. Moreover, the spread of zebu cattle from Indus valley to different parts of Island Southeast Asia (ISEA) is not properly understood.

Molecular characterization of in Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India: an insight into genetic assemblages.

The tick, is considered as the most notorious ectoparasite of veterinary importance in tropical and sub-tropical regions of the world. The present study deals with the molecular characterization of . in different regions of Andaman and Nicobar Islands using sequence information of mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COX1) and their phylogenetic relationship with other Indian .

Genetic structure, population diversity and ancestry of Nicobari fowl based on mtDNA complete D-loop sequences.

Nicobari fowl constitute an endemic poultry germplasm of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India. Genetic diversity, population structure and ancestry of Nicobari fowl were analysed with mitochondrial D-loop sequences. Analysis of complete D-loop sequences (1231-1232 bp) showed 46 polymorphic sites resulting in 26 haplotypes with overall haplotype diversity of 0.

Deducing Insulin-Producing Cells from Goat Adipose Tissue-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

Mesenchymal stem cell is a potent tool for regenerative medicine against control of incurable diseases in human and animals. Diabetes mellitus is one such condition marked with the blood glucose is high due to lack of insulin (INS) hormone secreted by the pancreatic cells. Rare, but sporadic, cases of dysfunctional pancreatic cells in goat as well as the promises of stem cell therapy as an off-the-shelf medicine prompted us to explore the potential of adipose-derived goat mesenchymal stem cells (AD-MSCs) to transdifferentiate into pancreatic islet-like cells.

Maternal lineage of Nicobari pig () correlated with migration of , a native tribal population of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, India.

Nicobari pig is reared by , a native tribal population of Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Nicobari pig has maintained its genetic identity due to geographical isolation. This communication is the first report on maternal inheritance of Nicobari pigs.

Physiological and immune responses to long road transportation in Andaman local pigs.

Transportation of farm animals is a routine management practice. During transportation, animals experience physiological and psychological stress which has negative consequences on health and welfare of animals. Effect of transportation on pig health and welfare in island ecosystem is not properly known.

Tri-Model Therapy: Combining Macrocyclic Lactone, Piperazine Derivative and Herbal Preparation in Treating Humpsore in Cattle.

Stephanofilariasis or humpsore is a chronic parasitic dermatitis of cattle. Various treatment regimens were attempted in the past but were found to be partially effective. Here, we claim a successful treatment regime using an FDA-approved macrocyclic lactone, a piperazine derivative, and an herbal preparation.

Origin, genetic diversity and evolution of Andaman local duck, a native duck germplasm of an insular region of India.

Domestic ducks are of paramount importance as a cheap source of protein in rural India. Andaman local duck (ALD) is an indigenous avian genetic resource of Andaman and Nicobar islands (ANI) and is mainly distributed in Middle and Northern parts of these islands. Negligence has brought this breed on the edge of extinction necessitating immediate conservation efforts.

Host-Parasite Interaction in Infestation in Porcine Model with a Preliminary Note on Its Genetic Lineage from India.

The burrowing mite causes scabies in humans or mange in animals. It infests a wide range of mammalian species including livestock, companion animals, wild animals, and humans. Differential diagnosis of varieties is key for epidemiological studies and for formulation of an eradication program.

Tracing the genetic root of Trinket cattle: an endangered cattle population of a small isolated island of Nicobar group of islands.

Trinket cattle are the inhabitant of a small island called Trinket, which is one of the picturesque islands of Andaman. This herd is thought to be of Danish leftover during their dynasty in Nicobar archipelago. When the island was abandoned by foreign invaders, indigenes utilized the animals for the purpose of meat.

Exogenous cholesterol prevents cryocapacitation-like changes, membrane fluidity, and enhances in vitro fertility in bubaline spermatozoa.

A study was conducted to determine the optimum dosage of the exogenous cholesterol-loaded cyclodextrins (CLC) to get maximum cryoprotection for bubaline spermatozoa. In the present study, 120 × 10 spermatozoa were incubated in 2, 3 and 4 mg of CLC as grouped as Gr II, III and IV, respectively, and sperm progressive motility, intracellular Ca , capacitation status by protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PTP) assay and zona binding per cent (ZBP) and cleavage rate (CR) of the cryopreserved buffalo spermatozoa by in vitro fertility assay were assessed in comparison with an untreated control group (Gr I). Results revealed that there was a significant (p < .

A Natural Quinazoline Derivative from Marine Sponge Induces Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells via ROS Production and Intrinsic or Extrinsic Apoptosis Pathways.

Here, we report the therapeutic potential of a natural quinazoline derivative (2-chloro-6-phenyl-8H-quinazolino[4,3-b]quinazolin-8-one) isolated from marine sponge against human breast cancer. The cytotoxicity of the compound was investigated on a human breast carcinoma cell line (MCF-7). Antiproliferative activity of the compound was estimated by 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.

Mitochondrial landscape of indigenous pig germplasm of Andaman and Nicobar Islands.

Nicobari pig and Andaman Desi pig are indigenous pig germplasm of Andaman and Nicobar islands, India. Over the last two decades, the pig breeds witnessed a rapid decline in population, necessitating immediate characterization and conservation. The present study depicts the complete mitochondrial genome sequence of Nicobari pig and Andaman Desi pig.

Effect of Prophylactic Management of Hemophilia on Bleeding Episodes.

Hemophilia A (factor VIII deficiency) and hemophilia B (factor IX deficiency) are the most common and serious congenital coagulation factor deficiencies with repeated hemarthroses leading to development of target joints. Continuous prophylaxis is regular infusion of factor concentrates at fixed dose at regular interval to prevent hemorrhages. The study was designed to assess the outcome of continuous prophylaxis in hemophilia on bleeding episodes.

Mitogenome analysis of Indian isolate of Rhipicephalus microplus clade A sensu (): A first report from Maritime South-East Asia.

This communication reports a comprehensive profile of mitogenome analysis of Rhipicephalus microplus, isolated and identified from Andaman and Nicobar islands, a part of Maritime South East Asia. Complete mitogenome of Indian isolate of R. microplus (MK234703) was 14,903 bp.

Variability of the antigen-coding gene of in animal and human origin: implications for vaccine development.

In the present study, the genetic variability of the protein-coding gene in several animal and human isolates of was investigated. A total of 24 isolates collected from cattle, buffalo, sheep, goat, dog and man were amplified by -coding gene-specific primers. From the generated sequence information, a conceptual amino acid sequence was deduced.

Design, Synthesis, and Characterization of Globular Orphan Nuclear Receptor Regulator with Biological Activity in Soft Tissue Sarcoma.

Sarcomas are rare and heterogeneous cancer variants of mesenchymal origin. Their genetic heterogeneity coupled with uncertain histogenesis makes them difficult to treat and results in poor prognosis. In this work, we show that structure-based drug discovery involving computational modeling can be used to identify a new retinoid X receptor (RXR) agonist ligand with a bis(indolyl)methane scaffold.

A validated, transitional and translational porcine model of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Difficult questions are confronting clinicians attempting to improve hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) outcomes. A large animal model with genetic, anatomical, and physiological similarities to humans is required to transition from mouse models to human clinical trials to address unmet clinical needs. To validate our previously reported inducible porcine cancer model (Oncopig) as a transitional HCC model, Oncopig hepatocyte cultures were transformed using Cre recombinase.