Withanone (WN), a bioactive phytochemical isolated from the medicinal herb Withania somnifera, has shown multiple pharmacological and therapeutic successes, including neuroprotective and anti-cancer activities. However, detailed pharmacokinetic (PK) properties of pure WN were not well defined. Pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics, dose proportionality, and absolute bioavailability of pure WN were explored in rats using an efficient, reliable, and sensitive LC-MS/MS assay to address this gap.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine and metabolic disorder associated with insulin resistance (IR) and hyperandrogenism. IR plays a crucial role in the etiology of PCOS. An insulin-sensitizing agent like metformin is most commonly used as an off-label drug for the treatment of PCOS.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFFormononetin (FNT) has limited application due to poor water solubility and substantial phase II metabolism. In the present study, we used phospholipid complex (PC) containing FNT and UDP-glucuronosyltransferase (UGT1A1) inhibitor piperine (PIP) to overcome FNT limitations. We characterized and compared both FNT-PC and FNT-PIP-PC complexes.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Assoc Physicians India
November 2023
: Agarwal A, Agarwal M. Spontaneous Asymptomatic Chemoport Fracture with Cardiac Migration. J Assoc Physicians India 2023;71(11):87-88.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPhytosomes (phytophospholipid complex) are dosage forms that have recently been introduced to increase the stability and therapeutic effect of herbal medicine. Currently, bioactive herbs and the phytochemicals they contain are considered to be the best remedies for chronic diseases. One promising approach to increase the efficacy of plant-based therapies is to improve the stability and bioavailability of their bio-active ingredients.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLevormeloxifene (L-ORM) and raloxifene (RAL) are selective estrogen receptor modulators used in the treatment of postmenopausal osteoporosis and breast cancer. Here, we developed and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method for the simultaneous estimation of both drugs. A quality-by-design (QbD) approach was used for the optimization of the nanoemulsion, and US FDA guidelines were followed for method validation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA newer LC-MS/MS method was developed and validated for the simultaneous quantification of raloxifene (RL) and cladrin (CL). Both drugs were resolved in RP-18 (4.6 × 50 mm, 5 μ) Xbridge Shield column using acetonitrile and 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFAbnormal fat accumulation, enhanced free fatty acids (FFA) release, and their metabolites cause insulin resistance (IR) in major glucose-lipid metabolic organs such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. However, excessive lipolysis and FFA release from adipose tissue elevate plasma FFA levels leading to oxidative stress and skeletal muscle IR. Indeed, in obese individuals, there is enhanced pro-inflammatory secretion from adipose tissue influencing insulin signaling in skeletal muscles.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome-adults (MIS-A) occur in the postacute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) period with a diverse clinical presentation. A high index of suspicion, early recognition, diagnosis, and treatment of MIS-A might alleviate COVID-19-related morbidity and mortality.
Objective: To report seven cases of MIS-A with evidence of recent COVID-19 infection.
J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci
August 2023
Withania Somnifera (WS) is a popular nutritional supplement in the USA, Europe, and Asia, known for its pharmacological effects on neurological disorders. However, the bioanalytical method development, validation, and pharmacokinetics of WS NMITLI-118R AF1 biomarkers Withanolide A (WLD A), Withanone (WNONE), Withanolide B (WLD B), Withaferin A (WF A), and 12 Deoxywithastramonolide (12 DEOXY) in rats have not been comprehensively explored. This study aimed to develop and validate a sensitive and selective LC-ESI-MS/MS method for these biomarkers in male Sprague Dawley rats plasma and brain matrix.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA reliable, sensitive, HPLC method was developed and validated to simultaneously quantify raloxifene (RLX) and cladrin (CLD). The C18 column was used to analyze RLX and CLD at λ 285 and 249 nm. The mobile phase was composed of acetonitrile and 35:65% v/v aqueous solution of 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFChromogranin A (ChgA) is an acidic pro-protein found in neuroendocrine organs, pheochromocytoma chromaffin granules, and tumor cells. Proteolytic processing of ChgA gives rise to an array of biologically active peptides such as pancreastatin (PST), vasostatin, WE14, catestatin (CST), and serpinin, which have diverse roles in regulating cardiovascular functions and metabolism, as well as inflammation. Intricate tissue-specific role of ChgA-derived peptide activity in preclinical rodent models of metabolic syndrome reveals complex effects on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated plasma glucose concentration, as a consequence of excessive hepatic glucose production, plays a pivotal role in the development of diabetes. A chromogranin A-derived diabetogenic peptide Pancreastatin (PST) enhances hepatic glucose output leading to diabetes. Therefore, here we probed the role of PSTi8, a PST inhibitor in ameliorating diabetes by investigating the effect of high glucose (HG) or PST on glucose metabolism.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Formononetin (FNT), a methoxy isoflavone, is a potential phytoconstituent utilized for refurbishing fractures in bone tissue. Conceding to its involvement in first-pass metabolism followed by glucuronidation, its absorption efficacy is limited. Hence, it belongs to the BCS class II classification.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: A limited number of studies have evaluated the psychometric properties of rating scales used to assess depression in the older adults. The present study aimed to assess the validity of the Hindi Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS, 30, 15, 10, 5, 4, and 1 item version) and Hindi Patient Health Questionnaire (nine and two items version) in a group of older adults residing in a rural community.
Methods: The psychometric properties of these scales were assessed against the diagnosis of depression a qualified psychiatrist made by using a semistructured interview.
Obesity and Knee Osteoarthritis (KOA) has a proven association. The obese individuals are likely to have early and more severe KOA, and the complications and overall results of surgery are also inferior. Hence, weight reduction is of paramount importance for these individuals.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCountries with tuberculosis as an endemic disease face many challenges. Isolated tubercular tenosynovitis is a rare presentation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis and involvement of the ankle is even rare. We present a case of isolated tubercular tenosynovitis of the ankle, the diagnosis of which was suggested radiologically and confirmed by histopathology.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Neurosci Rural Pract
January 2019
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of elder abuse in a rural setting. In addition, the study aimed to evaluate the association of elder abuse with psychiatric morbidity and demographic factors.
Methodology: A total of 125 elderly (age ≥55 years) were evaluated for psychiatric diagnosis as per the International Classification of Diseases, 10 revision (ICD-10) criteria by the qualified psychiatrist and were evaluated on Vulnerability to Abuse Screening Scale for elder abuse.
WHO classified neurological disorders to be among 6.3% of the global disease burden. Among the most central aspects of CNS drug development is the ability of novel molecules to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to reach the target site over a desired time period for therapeutic action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn normal and cancer cells, successful cell division requires accurate duplication of chromosomal DNA. All cells require a multiprotein DNA duplication system (replisomes) for their existence. However, death of normal cells in our body occurs through the apoptotic process.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Assoc Physicians India
January 2018
Autoimmune disease (AD) may well start off as a single diagnosis and over the years develop into polyautoimmunity and even multiple autoimmune syndromes (MAS) seen in the same patient, as new clinical symptoms and laboratory finding show up in the course of disease. We present a case of MAS who was initially diagnosed to have autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) - hypothyroidism. She was then evaluated for persistent mild to moderate iron deficiency anemia, unintentional weight loss along with skin rash and diagnosed to have celiac disease and undifferentiated connective tissue disease (uCTD).
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