Time-Dependent Hydrothermal Synthesis of LaO NPs for Effective Catalytic Activity of Ionic Dye.

Lanthanum oxide was successfully synthesized by hydrothermal method by varying the reaction time such as 6, 12, and 24 h. In XRD, study confirms the presence of a hexagonal structure, and the phase remains the same at different times; the main goal is to assess the average crystallite size of prepared LaO nanoparticles, which was found in the range of 6 to 8 nm. An interesting observation from the XRD data was the apparent increase in crystalline nature as the synthesis time was extended.

Esrra regulates Rplp1-mediated translation of lysosome proteins suppressed in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and reversed by alternate day fasting.

Objective: Currently, little is known about the mechanism(s) regulating global and specific protein translation during metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH; previously known as non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, NASH).

Methods: Unbiased label-free quantitative proteome, puromycin-labelling and polysome profiling were used to understand protein translation activity in vitro and in vivo.

Results: We observed a global decrease in protein translation during lipotoxicity in human primary hepatocytes, mouse hepatic AML12 cells, and livers from a dietary mouse model of MASH.

Estrogen receptor-related receptor (Esrra) induces ribosomal protein Rplp1-mediated adaptive hepatic translation during prolonged starvation.

Protein translation is an energy-intensive ribosome-driven process that is reduced during nutrient scarcity to conserve cellular resources. During prolonged starvation, cells selectively translate specific proteins to enhance their survival (adaptive translation); however, this process is poorly understood. Accordingly, we analyzed protein translation and mRNA transcription by multiple methods and to investigate adaptive hepatic translation during starvation.

Tuning the physiochemical properties of polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite composite films by gamma irradiation for biomedical applications.

Physiochemical properties of polycaprolactone-hydroxyapatite (PCL-HAp) composites were investigated in the pristine and after irradiation of γ rays (25, 50, 75, and 100 kGy). PCL-HAp composites were synthesized by solvent evaporation and characterized using spectroscopic methods as well as biological assays. The surface roughness (RMS) of the irradiated composite film (at 75 kGy) was 80 times higher than that of the pristine.

Effect of Ag-Decorated BiVO on Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting: An X-ray Absorption Spectroscopic Investigation.

Bismuth vanadate (BiVO) has attracted substantial attention on account of its usefulness in producing hydrogen by photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. The exploitation of BiVO for this purpose is yet limited by severe charge recombination in the bulk of BiVO, which is caused by the short diffusion length of the photoexcited charge carriers and inefficient charge separation. Enormous effort has been made to improve the photocurrent density and solar-to-hydrogen conversion efficiency of BiVO.

/ Soft X-ray Spectroscopic Identification of a Co Intermediate in the Oxygen Evolution Reaction of Defective CoO Nanosheets.

Defect engineering is an important means of improving the electrochemical performance of the CoO electrocatalyst in the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this study, soft X-ray absorption spectroscopy (SXAS) is used to explore the electronic structure of CoO under OER for the first time. The defect-rich CoO (D-CoO) has a Co state with Co at both octahedral (O) and tetrahedral (T) sites and Co at O, whereas CoO has Co with Co and Co at T and O sites, respectively.

Vitamin B and folate decrease inflammation and fibrosis in NASH by preventing syntaxin 17 homocysteinylation.

Background & Aims: Several recent clinical studies have shown that serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels are positively correlated, while vitamin B (B) and folate levels are negative correlated, with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) severity. However, it is not known whether hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) plays a pathogenic role in NASH.

Methods: We examined the effects of HHcy on NASH progression, metabolism, and autophagy in dietary and genetic mouse models, patients, and primates.

Optimization of Process Parameters in CNC Turning of Aluminum 7075 Alloy Using L27 Array-Based Taguchi Method.

With the advent of the industrial revolution 4.0, the goal of the manufacturing industry is to produce a large number of products in relatively less time. This study applies the Taguchi L27 orthogonal array methodological paradigm along with response surface design.

Experimental Investigation of the Friction Stir Weldability of AA8006 with Zirconia Particle Reinforcement and Optimized Process Parameters.

A lightweight, highly corrosive resistant, and high-strength wrought alloy in the aluminum family is the Aluminium 8006 alloy. The AA8006 alloy can be formed, welded, and adhesively bonded. However, the recommended welding methods such as laser, TIG (Tungsten Inert Gas welding), and ultrasonic are more costly.

Bismuth molybdate incorporated functionalized carbon nanofiber as an electrocatalytic tool for the pinpoint detection of organic pollutant in life samples.

Herein, we fabricated a feasible and accurate sensing platform for the quantification of toxic organic pollutant 2-nitroaniline (2-NA) in water samples through electrocatalyst made up of bismuth molybdate (BiMoO, BMO) functionalized carbon nanofiber (f-CNF) modified electrode. The preparation of BMO/f-CNF composite is of two methods, such as co-precipitation (C-BMO/f-CNF) and ultrasonication method (U-BMO/f-CNF). The physicochemical properties of the composites were characterized by XRD, FTIR, Raman, BET, FE-SEM, and HR-TEM techniques.

Regulating Crystal Structure and Atomic Arrangement in Single-Component Metal Oxides through Electrochemical Conversion for Efficient Overall Water Splitting.

Single-component transition-metal oxide (TMO: FeO, NiO, or CoO) nanosheets grown on nickel foam (NF) were electrochemically optimized with Li ion (Na ion)-induced conversion reaction for bifunctional electrocatalysis. The optimum FeO/NF-Li electrocatalyst exhibits low overpotentials of 239 mV for hydrogen evolution reaction and 276 mV for oxygen evolution reaction at a current density of 100 mA cm. A two-electrode water splitting cell using FeO/NF-Li as both anode and cathode requires only 1.

Elucidation of the Synergistic Effect of Dopants and Vacancies on Promoted Selectivity for CO Electroreduction to Formate.

Sn-based materials are identified as promising catalysts for the CO electroreduction (CO2RR) to formate (HCOO ). However, their insufficient selectivity and activity remain grand challenges. A new type of SnO nanosheet with simultaneous N dopants and oxygen vacancies (V -rich N-SnO NS) for promoting CO conversion to HCOO is reported.

Etiology and Outcomes of Spinal Cord Infarct: A Case Series From a Level 1 Trauma Center.

Study Design: Retrospective study.

Objectives: To evaluate the demographics, prevalence, etiology, severity, and outcomes of spinal cord injuries (SCIs) resulting from ischemic infarction.

Methods: All patients with SCI and a diagnosis of cord infarct who were admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation unit at a level 1 trauma center from January 2003 to January 2014 were identified using an administrative billing database.

Traumatic spinal cord injuries in geriatric population: etiology, management, and complications.

Background: The relationship of traumatic spinal cord injury (SCI) and the geriatric population is not emphasized in current literature. Our objective was to evaluate mechanisms of injury, outcomes, and complications of geriatric patients with traumatic SCI.

Methods: Patients with traumatic spinal cord injuries admitted to the inpatient rehabilitation unit of a level I trauma center from 2003 to 2013 were reviewed.

Spinal Cord Injury From Spinal Tumors: Prevalence, Management, and Outcomes.

Background: With the aging population in the United States, it can be anticipated that the prevalence of spinal cord injuries (SCIs) and cancer will increase. Primary or metastatic spine tumors sit at a unique intersection of these 2 realms. Our objective was to evaluate the prevalence, outcomes, and complications after the management of SCI arising from spinal tumors.

T cell developmental arrest in former premature infants increases risk of respiratory morbidity later in infancy.

The inverse relationship between gestational age at birth and postviral respiratory morbidity suggests that infants born preterm (PT) may miss a critical developmental window of T cell maturation. Despite a continued increase in younger PT survivors with respiratory complications, we have limited understanding of normal human fetal T cell maturation, how ex utero development in premature infants may interrupt normal T cell development, and whether T cell development has an effect on infant outcomes. In our longitudinal cohort of 157 infants born between 23 and 42 weeks of gestation, we identified differences in T cells present at birth that were dependent on gestational age and differences in postnatal T cell development that predicted respiratory outcome at 1 year of age.

Traumatic and Nontraumatic Spinal Cord Injuries.

Objective: Owing to the aging of the population in the United States, it is anticipated that injury mechanisms, treatment, and outcomes of spinal cord injuries (SCI) will change. There is a scarcity of literature on nontraumatic SCI. Our goal in this study was to evaluate the causes, management, complications, and outcomes after SCI.

The Top 100 Cited Papers in Health Care Disparities: a Bibliometric Analysis.

Health care disparities research is an exponentially growing and multi-faceted field. Our objective was to identify and analyze the top 100 cited articles in health care disparities. The authors searched the Thomas Reuters Web of Science for citations of all research papers (articles) relevant to health care disparities.

Colorimetric method for the estimation of escitalopram oxalate in tablet dosage form.

A colorimetric method for the analysis of escitalopram oxalate in pure form and in tablets has been developed based on the formation of chloroform soluble ion associates with bromocresol green acidic dye. The extract of ion associates exhibited absorption maxima at 417 nm obeying Beer's law in the range of 2-10 µg/ml. The method is simple, precise and accurate with recovery of 98-102% and does not require any separation of soluble excipients from tablet dosage form.

Autologous bone marrow derived mononuclear cell therapy for spinal cord injury: A phase I/II clinical safety and primary efficacy data.

Objective: We sought to assess the safety and therapeutic efficacy of autologous human bone marrow derived mononuclear cell transplantation on spinal cord injury in a phase I/II, nonrandomized, open-label study, conducted on 297 patients.

Materials And Methods: We transplanted unmanipulated bone marrow mononuclear cells through a lumbar puncture, and assessed the outcome using standard neurologic investigations and American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) protocol, and with respect to safety, therapeutic time window, CD34-/+ cell count, and influence on sex and age.

Results: No serious complications or adverse events were reported, except for minor reversible complaints.

Clearance of asbestos bodies from the lung: a personal view.

In histological sections asbestos bodies in human lungs may be either transparent, yellow, strongly Perls-positive structures as described in published reports, or opaque, black structures, the ferroprotein coating having been converted into haemosiderin. The transparent asbestos bodies fragment into segments; the black asbestos bodies disintegrate into a mass of haemosiderin granules that accumulate as dense deposits, particularly near to blood vessels. The presence of haemosiderin granules indicates that asbestos bodies have broken down.