Intrapersonal and interpersonal evaluation of upper extremity kinematics.

Background: The quality of upper extremity (UE) function can be evaluated by measuring the kinematic parameters of patient movements.

Objective: This investigation focused on finding the angles and angular velocity amplitudes of UE motions in healthy participants to compare with the experimental results of patients with a UE disability who are trying to recover previous movement conditions.

Methods: The UE motions of 23 healthy adult volunteers were tested using a three-dimensional motion capture system and measuring hand segment motions.

Research of cyclist's spine dynamical model.

The purpose of the paper is to present a dynamic model of bicyclist's lumbar spine for the evaluation of linear and angular variation of intervertebral distance in sagittal plane. Ten degrees of freedom biomechanical model of the spine was solved numerically. Larger loads acting on a cyclist spine occur mostly while sitting in a sport position in comparison with recreation or middle sitting.