Association of nerve-sparing grading in robotic radical prostatectomy and trifecta outcome.

Purpose: To evaluate the neurovascular bundle preservation grades during robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy and compared to the trifecta combined outcome (oncologic control, continence, and sexual function) twelve months after the surgery.

Methods: Cohort of patients who underwent nerve-sparing robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy had the neurovascular bundle preservation retrospectively graded from 0 to 8 according to the Hopkins subjective visual classification. Patients then were divided into two groups, according to the median of nerve-sparing grading: those with score six or high and those with score less than six.

Urology Residents Simulation Training Improves Clinical Outcomes in Laparoscopic Partial Nephrectomy.

Background: Partial nephrectomy (PN) is the preferred modality of treatment for small renal masses. Laparoscopic partial nephrectomy (LPN) has been adopted worldwide and a fundamental role is played by surgical skills. The need for skill instruction outside the operating room is well recognized in the modern models of surgery residency training.

Selective Suturing or Sutureless Technique in Robot-assisted Partial Nephrectomy: Results from a Propensity-score Matched Analysis.

Background: Despite efforts aimed at preserving renal function, the functional decline after robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) is not negligible. To address the risk of intraparenchymal vessel injuries during renorrhaphy, with consequent loss of functional renal parenchyma, we introduced a new surgical technique for RAPN.

Objective: To compare perioperative patient outcomes between selective-suturing or sutureless RAPN (suRAPN) and standard RAPN (stRAPN).

Bilateral kidney metastases from adenoid cystic carcinoma of lung: a case report and literature review.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignant tumor, usually arising from salivary glands and rarely found in other locations. ACC is characterized by asymptomatic course, slow growth pattern, perineural invasion and high incidence of late metastasis. Renal localization of metastasis is rare.

Burnout syndrome in pediatric urology: A perspective during the COVID-19 pandemic - Ibero-American survey.

Introduction: Burnout syndrome is a major cause of decreased life quality, mental health, and productivity for physicians. It is strongly related to work overload and has been a scarcely studied topic in pediatric urology. During the COVID-19 pandemic, authorities' recommendations have led to big changes in pediatric urology practice worldwide.

Laparoscopic ureteral reconstruction in infant with congenital mid ureteric valve.

Congenital mid ureteric valve (MUV) stenosis is a very rare cause of ureteric obstruction and hydronephrosis (HN) in children. We describe how we manage laparoscopically one case of a patient with congenital MUV. We describe a 6-month-old boy born with antenatal left HN, with an anteroposterior diameter (APD) of 1,5 cm.

Laparoscopic ureteroplasty with gonadal vein graft for long ureteral stenosis: A step by step video.

Strictures of the ureter may occur from iatrogenic injury or impacted kidney stones. Complications from ureteroscopy may result in ureteral stricture in 0,5-2% of patients. New techniques are being described in order to minimize the morbidity associated with classic approaches.

Garrahan U-Stitch laparoscopic appendicovesicostomy - Making surgery easier.

Appendicovesicostomy is an established continent urinary conduit. The development of minimally invasive techniques and the reduction of operative time instigated the search for new techniques. In this video we show the laparoscopic transabdominal technique for appendicovesicostomy using U-stitch technique as proposed by Santiago Weller et al.

The impact of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors on mortality in a prostate cancer chemoprevention setting: a meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study aims to evaluate the impact of 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors (5ARI) for prostate cancer (PCa) primary prevention on specific and overall mortality (primary outcomes), the incidence of PCa diagnosis and disease aggressiveness (secondary outcomes).

Methods: We searched MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane, ClinicalTrials and BVS through April 2018 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement to identify randomized clinical trials (RCT) and cohort studies (CS). We included articles with data on mortality or PCa incidence for men using 5ARI previously to PCa diagnosis.

Laparoscopic Pielolitotomy: An option for the management of pelvic kidney stones.

Introduction:: Minimally invasive treatments such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy are standard procedures for the management of renal stones (1). However, renal position and rotation defects may significantly interfere in the results of these treatments (2). Open surgery has always been an option for these cases, but with the advancement of laparoscopy in the last decades, laparoscopic pielolitotomy has become a good alternative for approaching kidney stones in abnormal renal rotation and position (3).

Proposal of a New Electrode and Modality of Electrical Stimulation for Diaphragmatic Pacemakers.

Purpose: This report describes the implantation of a new design of intramuscular electrode to the diaphragm and introduces a new modality of electroventilation for diaphragmatic pacemaker.

Description: We used 22 Large White female pigs to test 68 electrodes that were implanted in the abdominal portion of the diaphragm by videolaparoscopy. Animals were submitted to a new protocol of electroventilation with an unpolarized current and a single-channel mode with 1 electrode for each hemidiaphragm during 3 hours.

Total testosterone levels are correlated to metabolic syndrome components.

Introduction: Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a constellation of interrelated risk factors of metabolic origin. Some studies suggest a possible link between low total testosterone (TT) levels and the presence of MetS.

Aim: To analyze the strength and independence of associations between TT and MetS components in non-diabetic men.

Technique for implanting intramuscular electrodes in the diaphragm by videolaparoscopy in pigs.

Purpose: To describe a novel approach for implanting intramuscular electrodes in the diaphragm through videolaparoscopy.

Methods: We used twelve pigs for this videolaparoscopic technique, which permits at the same time to explore the diaphragm, to locate its motor points and to fix the electrodes in the diaphragm bilaterally. In this technique we used three trocars: one portal for a 10-mm 0° viewing angle laparoscope, one portal for the manipulation of structures and another for electrode implantation.

N-acetylcysteine administration confers lung protection in different phases of lung ischaemia-reperfusion injury.

Objectives: To verify the effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) administered before and after ischaemia in an animal model of lung ischaemia-reperfusion (IR) injury.

Methods: Twenty-four Wistar rats were subjected to an experimental model of selective left pulmonary hilar clamping for 45 min followed by 2 h of reperfusion. The animals were divided into four groups: control group (SHAM), ischaemia-reperfusion, N-acetylcysteine-preischaemia (NAC-Pre) and NAC-postischaemia (NAC-Post).

Effect of the systemic administration of methylprednisolone on the lungs of brain-dead donor rats undergoing pulmonary transplantation.

Objective: Most lung transplants are obtained from brain-dead donors. The physiopathology of brain death involves hemodynamics, the sympathetic nervous system, and inflammatory mechanisms. Administering methylprednisolone 60 min after inducing brain death in rats has been shown to modulate pulmonary inflammatory activity.

Barium swallow study in routine clinical practice: a prospective study in patients with chronic cough.

Objective: To assess the routine use of barium swallow study in patients with chronic cough.

Methods: Between October of 2011 and March of 2012, 95 consecutive patients submitted to chest X-ray due to chronic cough (duration > 8 weeks) were included in the study. For study purposes, additional images were obtained immediately after the oral administration of 5 mL of a 5% barium sulfate suspension.

Effectiveness of diaphragmatic stimulation with single-channel electrodes in rabbits.

Every year, a large number of individuals become dependent on mechanical ventilation because of a loss of diaphragm function. The most common causes are cervical spinal trauma and neuromuscular diseases. We have developed an experimental model to evaluate the performance of electrical stimulation of the diaphragm in rabbits using single-channel electrodes implanted directly into the muscle.

Effects of methylprednisolone on inflammatory activity and oxidative stress in the lungs of brain-dead rats.

Objective: To evaluate the effects that early and late systemic administration of methylprednisolone have on lungs in a rat model of brain death.

Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were anesthetized and randomly divided into four groups (n = 6 per group): sham-operated (sham); brain death only (BD); brain death plus methylprednisolone (30 mg/kg i.v.