Publications by authors named "Artur K. Kieres"
Both humans and non-humans discount the value of rewards that are delayed or uncertain, and individuals that discount delayed rewards at a relatively high rate are considered impulsive. To investigate the neural mechanisms that mediate delay discounting, the present study examined the effects of excitotoxic lesions of the nucleus accumbens (NAC) on discounting of reward value by delay and probability. Rats were trained on delay (n=24) or probability discounting (n=24) tasks.
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- Children with fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) are frequently diagnosed with ADHD, exhibiting increased reaction time variability and false alarms in tasks.
- A study using adult rats exposed to ethanol during pregnancy demonstrated that these rats also had variable reaction time distributions and increased false alarms in a choice reaction time task.
- The findings suggest that both prenatal ethanol exposure in rats and FASD in children lead to similar attention deficits.
Effects of morphine and naltrexone on impulsive decision making in rats.
Psychopharmacology (Berl)
April 2004
Rationale: It has been reported that human opiate addicts discount delayed rewards more than non-addicts, indicating that they are more impulsive. However, it is not clear whether this difference reflects pre-existing traits, or the effects of exposure to the opiates.
Objectives: This study was designed to investigate the effects of an opioid agonist and antagonist on delay discounting in rats.
The effects of altering sucrose solution concentration on discounting of delayed rewards in rats were examined. Five different delays were used (0, 1, 2, 4, and 8s) and three different sucrose solution concentrations (3, 10, and 30%). It was hypothesized that high value sucrose solution concentrations would be discounted less than low value sucrose solution concentrations.
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