Serological evidence of antibodies in wild boars () in Poland.

Introduction: This study aimed to evaluate the seroprevalence of among wild boars inhabiting Poland.

Material And Methods: Serum samples were collected from 281 wild boars of varying ages (juveniles, adolescents and adults) and subjected to testing using a commercial indirect ELISA assay.

Results: The prevalence of antibodies was notably high, reaching 75.

Gastric ulcers in finishing pigs: the evaluation of selected non-dietary risk factors and impact on production performance.

Background: The complex aetiology of gastric lesions in pigs remains largely unknown and effective preventive measures and pharmaceutical treatment of the disease have not been developed yet. Regardless of the fact that the overwhelming majority of previous research works dealing with gastric ulceration in pigs focused on the role of the nutritional determinants, including chemical composition of feeds, cereal type, finely ground pelleted diets, and feed additives, conclusions presented therein remain highly ambiguous. Thus, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of the disease on production performance, and investigate the influence of selected non-dietary risk factors on the prevalence of gastric alterations in finishing pigs reared under conditions of 11 modern farms located in Poland.

Determination of Tiamulin Concentration in Sow Milk and in Sera of Suckling Piglets.

Although modern analytical methods developed for monitoring antibiotics in several biological matrices are easily available, none of them have been applied to evaluate the transfer of tiamulin into sow milk. Therefore, this work was intended to analyse the concentrations of tiamulin in milk samples collected from lactating sows during and after a treatment consisting of three consecutive intramuscular applications of the antibiotic. The second aim of this investigation was to determine tiamulin concentrations in serum samples obtained from suckling piglets ingesting milk contaminated with the compound.

First molecular detection of on pig farms in Poland.

Introduction: Prior to the 2000s, swine dysentery was considered to be caused only by with contributing commensal intestinal anaerobes. Nowadays, it is known that the disease is caused by three strongly beta-haemolytic species of the anaerobic spirochaetal genus and newly emerged and

Material And Methods: The present investigation was carried out in November 2022 on nine Polish high-performing finisher pig farms. At every location one fresh pooled faecal sample was collected from 40 randomly selected pigs of between 60 and 110 kg live weight.

Automatic air volume control system for ventilation of two patients using a single ventilator: a large animal model study.

The COVID-19 pandemic outbreak led to a global ventilator shortage. Hence, various strategies for using a single ventilator to support multiple patients have been considered. A device called Ventil previously validated for independent lung ventilation was used in this study to evaluate its usability for shared ventilation.

A Preliminary Study on the Concentration of Oxytetracycline and 4-Epi-Oxytetracycline in Sow Milk.

Even though modern analytical chemistry has developed a methodology enabling evaluation of the presence of OTC in milk, data regarding its concentration in the material collected from lactating sows are missing. Therefore, this paper was intended to provide new data on the transmission of OTC and its epimer, 4-epi-oxytetracycline (4-epi-OTC), in the milk of lactating sows after a singular intramuscular administration of a long-acting form of the antibiotic. The determination of OTC and 4-epi-OTC was carried out using ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS).

The Markers of Stress in Swine Oral Fluid.

Introduction: The study measured the hormonal and protein markers of acute stress, those of oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in swine oral fluid, determined which of these parameters would be the most appropriate for future livestock welfare assessment and established the time when the samples should be taken.

Material And Methods: Stress was induced in 7 out of 14 castrated six-week-old Danbred×Duroc pigs by immobilisation on a nasal snare at 8 a.m.

Genetic Diversity and Epidemiological Significance of Wild Boar HEV-3 Strains Circulating in Poland.

The wild boar is the most important reservoir of zoonotic HEV-3 strains among different wildlife species. The aim of the study was subtype identification of wild boar HEV-3 strains circulating in Poland. Wild boar liver was used in the study in the form of homogenates prepared from 57 samples positive for HEV in a real-time RT-PCR.

Serologic Survey for West Nile Virus in Wild Boars (Sus scrofa) in Poland.

Serum samples obtained from 474 wild boars (Sus scrofa) were collected from June 2017 to September 2018 from various areas of northern and southern Poland. Serum samples were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. However, West Nile virus (WNV) antibodies were not detected.

Evaluation of the Effect of Surgical and Immunological Castration of Male Pigs on Boar Taint Compounds in Oral Fluid and Fat Tissue by LC-MS/MS Method.

Introduction: An effective way of preventing undesirable boar taint in pork meat caused by the presence of androstenone, skatole and indole is surgical castration of piglets. This, however, arouses growing social opposition. An alternative method of inhibiting the development of unpleasant odour is immune castration.

Wild Boar as a Sylvatic Reservoir of Hepatitis E Virus in Poland: A Cross-Sectional Population Study.

The most important wildlife species in the epidemiology of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infections are wild boars, which are also the main reservoir of the virus in a sylvatic environment. The aim of the study was a serological and molecular assessment of the prevalence of HEV infections in wild boars in Poland. In total, 470 pairs of samples (wild boar blood and livers) and 433 samples of faeces were tested.

and Antimicrobial Resistance in Wild Rodents-True or False Threat?

Transmission of pathogenic and resistant bacteria from wildlife to the bacterial gene pool in nature affects the ecosystem. Hence, we studied intestine content of five wild rodent species: the yellow-necked wood mouse (, = 121), striped field mouse (, = 75), common vole (, = 37), bank vole (, = 3), and house mouse (, = 1) to assess their potential role as an antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and vector. The methods adopted from official AMR monitoring of slaughtered animals were applied and supplemented with colistin resistance screening.

: A Study of Prevalence in Animal Hosts in Poland.

is described as a pathogen of cattle and cats and also exhibits commensalism with pigs. In order to estimate the prevalence and determine the risk factors for parasite infection, specimens from animal hosts (cat, pigs, and cattle) from Poland were investigated. To our best knowledge, this is the first such study to examine samples from wild boars () for the presence of Data were collected from 117 cats, 172 pigs, 236 wild boars, and 180 cattle.

Were Polish Wild Boars Exposed to Schmallenberg Virus?

Introduction: A novel to Europe Schmallenberg virus (SBV) causes clinical disease manifested by reproduction disorders in farm ruminants. In free-living ruminants, SBV antibodies as well as the virus were detected. Recent studies also revealed SBV antibodies in wild boars.

Seroprevalence of 12 serovars of pathogenic Leptospira in red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Poland.

Background: Leptospira spp. infect humans and a wide range of domestic and wild animals, but certain species such as small rodents and red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) play a particular role as reservoirs and transmission of leptospirosis as they easily adapt to many habitats including human environments. To investigate the significance of red foxes in the epidemiology of leptospirosis in Poland, a seroprevalence survey was conducted.

Seroprevalence and risk factors for selected respiratory and reproductive tract pathogen exposure in European bison (Bison bonasus) in Poland.

After the complete extinction from the wild of European bison (Bison bonasus) at the beginning of the twentieth century, the worldwide species population was restored to approximately 5500 individuals, with the species however remaining endangered. Despite numerous studies on the ecology and genetics of European bison, the threats of infectious diseases have been largely unexamined. The aim of this study was to screen the exposure of the world's largest population of European bison to the pathogens, which may influence the condition and development of the endangered species.

Pyrene-nucleobase conjugates: synthesis, oligonucleotide binding and confocal bioimaging studies.

Fluorescent pyrene-linker-nucleobase (nucleobase = thymine, adenine) conjugates with carbonyl and hydroxy functionalities in the linker were synthesized and characterized. X-ray single-crystal structure analysis performed for the pyrene-C(O)CHCH-thymine () conjugate reveals dimers of molecules stabilized by hydrogen bonds between the thymine moieties. The photochemical characterization showed structure-dependent fluorescence properties of the investigated compounds.

Cymantrenyl-Nucleobases: Synthesis, Anticancer, Antitrypanosomal and Antimicrobial Activity Studies.

The synthesis of four cymantrene-5-fluorouracil derivatives (-) and two cymantrene-adenine derivatives ( and ) is reported. All of the compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods and the crystal structure of two derivatives ( and ), together with the previously described cymantrene-adenine compound was determined by X-ray crystallography. While the compounds and crystallized in the triclinic P-1 space group, compound crystallized in the monoclinic 2₁/ space group.

Antimicrobial Resistance in Escherichia coli Isolated from Wild Animals in Poland.

Antimicrobial resistance was tested in Escherichia coli isolated from feces (n = 660) of red deer, roe deer, fallow deer, European bison, and wild boar shot in regional forests in Poland during two winter hunting seasons. Indicator E. coli (n = 542) was resistant against 11 of 14 tested compounds, mostly sulfamethoxazole, streptomycin, ampicillin, trimethoprim, and tetracycline (1.

Cymantrene, Cyrhetrene and Ferrocene Nucleobase Conjugates: Synthesis, Structure, Computational Study, Electrochemistry and Antitrypanosomal Activity.

A series of 11 cymantrene and cyrhetrene nucleobase conjugates, together with the hitherto unreported N7 isomer of a ferrocene-adenine conjugate were synthesised and characterised. The synthetic approach involved a Michael addition reaction of in-situ-generated acryloylcymantrene, acryloylcyrhetrene and acryloylferrocene with the canonical nucleobases thymine, uracil and adenine. The mechanism of these reactions was investigated by means of density functional theory calculations.

Oral Fluid as a Biological Material for Antemortem Detection of Oxytetracycline in Pigs by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

The presence of antibiotic residues in pig tissues requires a search for new methods for their antemortem detection. To find an alternative for postmortem pig carcass analysis, an oral fluid was tested. To prove the suitability of oral fluid for the detection of antibiotics administered by injection, oxytetracycline was chosen.

First overall report of Leptospira infections in wild boars in Poland.

Background: Recently an increase in the population of wild boars (Sus scrofa) in Europe has been observed. This is important from a zoonotic perspective because it influences directly on the spread of many diseases. For the first time, an extensive survey on the prevalence of Leptospira infections in Polish wild boars was performed.

Pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in edible tissues of healthy and experimentally infected pigs with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae.

The aim of this study was the comparison of the tissue pharmacokinetics of tulathromycin in healthy pigs and pigs experimentally infected with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (App). Tulathromycin was given to 24 healthy and 24 infected pigs by intramuscular injection at a single dosage of 2.5 mg kg(-1) body weight (b.

Some aspects of purinergic signaling in the ventricular system of porcine brain.

Background: Numerous signaling pathways function in the brain ventricular system, including the most important - GABAergic, glutaminergic and dopaminergic signaling. Purinergic signalization system - comprising nucleotide receptors, nucleotidases, ATP and adenosine and their degradation products - are also present in the brain. However, the precise role of nucleotide signalling pathway in the ventricular system has been not elucidated so far.