Antibiotic Treatment is an Independent Poor Risk Factor in NSCLC But Not in Melanoma Patients Who had Received Anti-PD-1/L1 Monotherapy.

Background: Antibiotic treatment may reduce the efficacy of cancer immunotherapy by disrupting gut microbiome. We aimed to study the association of antibiotics and survival outcomes in advanced cutaneous melanoma and non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients who had received anti-PD-1/L1 monotherapy.

Patients And Methods: A total of 222 melanoma and 199 NSCLC patients had received anti-PD-1/L1 monotherapy in 5 Finnish hospitals between January 2014 and December 2020.