Liquid-biopsy proteomics combined with AI identifies cellular drivers of eye aging and disease in vivo.

Single-cell analysis in living humans is essential for understanding disease mechanisms, but it is impractical in non-regenerative organs, such as the eye and brain, because tissue biopsies would cause serious damage. We resolve this problem by integrating proteomics of liquid biopsies with single-cell transcriptomics from all known ocular cell types to trace the cellular origin of 5,953 proteins detected in the aqueous humor. We identified hundreds of cell-specific protein markers, including for individual retinal cell types.

Biobanking of Human Aqueous and Vitreous Liquid Biopsies for Molecular Analyses.

A critical challenge in translational research is establishing a viable and efficient interface between patient care in the operating room (OR) and the research laboratory. Here, we developed a protocol for acquiring high-quality liquid biopsies for molecular analyses from the aqueous humor and the vitreous from patients undergoing eye surgery. In this workflow, a Mobile Operating Room Lab Interface (MORLI) cart equipped with a computer, a barcode scanner, and lab instruments, including onboard cold storage, is used to obtain and archive human biological samples.

Immunoprofiling of Nonarteritic Anterior Ischemic Optic Neuropathy.

Purpose: Nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION) is a common acute optic neuropathy in those older than 50 years. There is no blood diagnostic test or efficient treatment for NAION. We investigated the suitability of blood inflammatory proteins as biomarkers and therapeutic targets of NAION.

Comparison of one-day versus one-hour application of topical gatifloxacin in eliminating conjunctival bacterial flora.

Purpose: To compare efficacies of 1-day, 1-hour, and combined 1-day/1-hour preoperative topical gatifloxacin in eliminating conjunctival bacterial flora.

Design: Prospective, comparative case series.

Participants: Sixty patients (120 eyes) scheduled to undergo anterior segment intraocular surgery at Stanford University Medical Center.

Prospective comparison of topical moxifloxacin in eliminating conjunctival bacterial flora following a one-day or one-hour application.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of a 1-hour(h) versus 1-day application of topical moxifloxacin in eliminating conjunctival bacterial flora.

Methods: In this prospective, nonrandomized, controlled trial, the surgical eyes of 60 patients scheduled for intraocular surgery received topical moxifloxacin four times a day, starting 1 day prior to surgery and three additional applications at 5-minute intervals 1 h before surgery. The nonsurgical eye of each patient only received three applications of the same antibiotic at 5-minute intervals 1 h before surgery.

CustomVue laser in situ keratomileusis treatment after previous keratorefractive surgery.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy, predictability, and safety of Visx CustomVue wavefront-guided enhancement after previous keratorefractive surgery.

Setting: Stanford University Eye Laser Center, Stanford, California, USA.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was used to evaluate wavefront-guided enhancement in a preliminary set of 120 eyes of 102 patients.