Does aetiology of urethral stricture influence the survival of the buccal mucosa graft?-comparative study in patients with penile urethral stricture due to lichen sclerosus idiopathic group.

Background: Lichen sclerosus (LS) is one of causes of male urethral stricture, mainly penile or anterior urethra, and frequently associated with phimosis. This disease involves penile skin and surrounding tissues, which might affect long-term graft survival after a substitution urethroplasty. The aim of this study is to assess LS impact on urethral grafts, comparing outcomes in the LS group versus idiopathic urethral stricture.

A mediastinal mass causing Budd-Chiari-like syndrome in a cat.

Background: Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS) is considered a rare condition in cats that is characterized by the obstruction of the hepatic venous outflow tract from the level of the small hepatic veins to the level of the termination of the inferior vena cava into the right atrium in the absence of cardiac or pericardial disease, or sinusoidal obstruction syndrome.

Case Description: This report presents a 13-year-old cat with a two-week history of progressive lethargy, inappetence, weight loss, and abdominal distension.

Findings/treatment And Outcome: The radiological study was consistent with pleural effusion, as well as alveolar and interstitial pulmonary patterns.

Governors in Control: Executive Orders, State-Local Preemption, and the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The nation's governors took strong and decisive action in responding to the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, often directly affecting their local governments. These actions allow us to examine this question: Will governors' actions in an unprecedented emergency situation centralize the authority of the state or rely on local governments to deal with localized problems? Additionally, what factors affect those decisions? We examine all governors' executive orders affecting local governments in the first five months of the 2020 pandemic. We find that preemption did occur, especially in the early months of the pandemic.

[COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact and rapid reaction of Urology].

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused tens of thousands of deaths in Spain and has managed to breakdown the healthcare system hospitals in the Community of Madrid, largely due to its tendency to cause severe pneumonia, requiring ventilatory support. This fact has caused our center to collapse, with 130% of its beds occupied by COVID-19 patients, thus causing the absolute cessation of activity of the urology service, the practical disappearance of resident training programs, and the incorporation of a good part of the urology staff into the group of medical personnel attending these patients. In order to recover from this extraordinary level of suspended activity, we will be obliged to prioritize pathologies based on purely clinical criteria, for which tables including the relevance of each pathology within each area of urology are being proposed.

[COVID-19 Pandemic: Impact and rapid reaction of Urology].

The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus has caused tens of thousands of deaths in Spain and has managed to breakdown the healthcare system hospitals in the Community of Madrid, largely due to its tendency to cause severe pneumonia, requiring ventilatory support. This fact has caused our center to collapse, with 130% of its beds occupied by COVID-19 patients, thus causing the absolute cessation of activity of the urology service, the practical disappearance of resident training programs, and the incorporation of a good part of the urology staff into the group of medical personnel attending these patients. In order to recover from this extraordinary level of suspended activity, we will be obliged to prioritize pathologies based on purely clinical criteria, for which tables including the relevance of each pathology within each area of urology are being proposed.

Role of Tibial Tuberosity Fracture/Fissure through the Maquet Hole in Stifle Osteoarthritis after Porous Tibial Tuberosity Advancement in Dogs at Mid-Term Follow-Up.

Tibial tuberosity advancement (TTA) is used to treat cranial cruciate ligament rupture of the stifle joint in dogs. Tibial tuberosity fracture/fissure is a complication of TTA that may have a favorable prognosis. The aim of this study was to detect how tibial tuberosity fracture/fissure through the Maquet hole worsens the progression of osteoarthritis (OA) in the stifle joint of dogs treated with porous TTA.

Anatomic Study of the Elbow Joint in a Bengal Tiger () Using Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Gross Dissections.

The objective of our research was to describe the normal appearance of the bony and soft tissue structures of the elbow joint in a cadaver of a male mature Bengal tiger () scanned via MRI. Using a 0.2 Tesla magnet, Spin-echo (SE) T1-weighting, and Gradient-echo short tau inversion recovery (GE-STIR), T2-weighting pulse sequences were selected to generate sagittal, transverse, and dorsal planes.

Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging study of a normal tarsal joint in a Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris).

Background: In this research, using computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we provide a thorough description of the standard appearance of a right tarsal joint in a Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris). CT scans were performed using a bone and soft tissue window setting, and three-dimensional surface reconstructed CT images were obtained. The MRI protocol was based on the use of Spin-echo (SE) T1-weighted and Gradient-echo (GE) STIR T2-weighted pulse sequences.

Supporting Children with Disabilities in Low- and Middle- Income Countries: Promoting Inclusive Practice within Community-Based Childcare Centres in Malawi through a Bioecological Systems Perspective.

Given the narrow scope and conceptualisation of inclusion for young children with disabilities in research within low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) contexts, we draw on a bioecological systems perspective to propose the parameters for a broader unit of analysis. This perspective situates human development within a specific cultural context in which family, peers and schooling are regarded as key in responding to young children with disabilities in a given setting. We outline a new bioecological model to illustrate the proximal and distal factors that can influence inclusive early development for children with disabilities within LMICs.

Loss of c-Kit function impairs arteriogenesis in a mouse model of hindlimb ischemia.

Background: Arteriogenesis is a process whereby collateral vessels remodel usually in response to increased blood flow and/or wall stress. Remodeling of collaterals can function as a natural bypass to alleviate ischemia during arterial occlusion. Here we used a genetic approach to investigate possible roles of tyrosine receptor c-Kit in arteriogenesis.

Uracil Nucleosides with Reactive Group at C5 Position: 5-(1-Halo-2-sulfonylvinyl)uridine Analogues.

The transition-metal-catalyzed or radical-mediated halosulfonylation of 5-ethynyluridine provided (E)-(1-halo-2-tosylvinyl)uridines. These (β-halo)vinyl sulfones undergo efficient stereoselective addition-elimination with amines or thiols to provide Z-β-aminovinyl or E-β-thiovinyl sulfones tethered to the C5 position of the uracil ring.

Magnetic resonance imaging study in a normal Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris) stifle joint.

Background: The purpose of this study was to describe the normal appearance of the bony and soft tissue structures of the stifle joint of a Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris) by low-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the use of gross anatomical dissections performed as anatomical reference. A cadaver of a mature female was imaged by MRI using specific sequences as the Spin-echo (SE) T1-weighting and Gradient-echo (GE) STIR T2-weighting sequences in sagittal, dorsal and transverse planes, with a magnet of 0.2 Tesla.

Alcohol challenge and sensitivity to change of the Essential Tremor Rating Assessment Scale.

Background: The ability of the Essential Tremor (ET) Rating Assessment Scale (TETRAS) to detect changes in tremor severity is unknown.

Methods: Fifteen adult ET patients received a single oral ethanol dose calculated to reach 0.05 g/dL breath alcohol content (brAC).

HLA-B27 and clinical features of acute anterior uveitis in Cuba.

Background: There are few data about the epidemiology of acute anterior uveitis (AAU) from Latin America. In Cuba, the genetic admixture of the population could modify the HLA-B27-AAU association. In this study, the authors compared the distribution of the HLA-B27 allele in patients and controls and described some clinical outcomes.

What counts as response and intervention in RTI? A sociocultural analysis.

Response to Intervention (RTI) is being used in districts and states around the United States (U.S.) as a means to enhance learning opportunities and address the needs of struggling learners.

Dermatological complications of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion in children and adolescents.

Objectives: To describe the dermatological changes associated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) therapy in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D). To assess their association with duration of CSII, age, adiposity, HbA1(c), insulin dose, insulin brand, infusion set or site.

Study Design: We conducted a cross-sectional study of 50 consecutive patients with T1D who were using CSII for >6 months (26 female; age, 13.

English language learners who struggle with reading: language acquisition or LD?

We review empirical research on English language learners (ELLs) who struggle with reading and who may have learning disabilities (LD). We sought to determine research indicators that can help us better differentiate between ELLs who struggle to acquire literacy because of their limited proficiency in English and ELLs who have actual LD. We conclude that more research is warranted to further elucidate the strengths and learning needs of subgroups of underachieving ELLs, to help us determine who should qualify for special education, and to clarify why some ELLs who do not have LD still struggle with language and literacy acquisition.

The end of innocence: historiography and representation in the discursive practice of LD.

In this article, I discuss two interrelated sets of challenges that the discursive practice of learning disability (LD) will need to address, namely, issues associated with the development of a historiography of special education and a more complex understanding of representation issues. I use social theory to address these challenges and raise questions the LD field will need to grapple with as we move toward the consolidation of discursive practices.

Characterization of two Bunodosoma granulifera toxins active on cardiac sodium channels.

1. Two sodium channel toxins, BgII and BgIII, have been isolated and purified from the sea anemone Bunodosoma granulifera. Combining different techniques, we have investigated the electrophysiological properties of these toxins.

Cardiac cellular actions of hydrochlorothiazide.

In long term treatment, thiazide diuretics such as hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) lower blood pressure by decreasing peripheral resistance rather than by their diuretic effect. This action has been attributed to the opening of Ca2+-activated K+ channels in vascular smooth muscle cells. However, little is known about their cardiac cellular actions.

Modulation of voltage-dependent facilitation of the T-type calcium current by sodium ion in isolated frog atrial cells.

Sodium ions have been reported to alter the permeation properties of L- and N-type Ca2+ channels. Here in frog atrial cardiomyocytes under whole-cell patch-clamp conditions, we have examined the effects of lowering the external Na+ concentration on the amplitude of T-type Ca2+ current, ICaT, and on the relief of its steady-state inactivation by large depolarizing prepulses, ICaT facilitation. A partial reduction in Na+ ion concentration did not significantly alter ICaT amplitude elicited at -50 mV.

Frequency-dependent increase in cardiac Ca2+ current is due to reduced Ca2+ release by the sarcoplasmic reticulum.

"Ca(2+)-current facilitation" describes several features of increase in current amplitude often associated with a reduction in inactivation rate. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of frequency-dependent increase in L-type Ca2+ current, I(Ca) taking advantage of recent knowledge on the control of Ca2+ current inactivation in cardiac cells. The frequency-dependent increase in I(Ca) was studied in adult rat ventricular myocytes using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique.