A noninvasive ultrasound vibro-elastography technique for assessing ocular lesions.

Objective: This research aims to develop a noninvasive ultrasound vibro-elastography technique for assessing ocular lesions including intraocular melanoma and nevus lesions.

Method: Wave speed (WS) was noninvasively measured in the lesions at three different frequencies (i.e.

Delayed onset Spontaneous Hyphema after OMNI® Surgical System.

Minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS) offers options for glaucoma treatment that have generally improved safety profiles compared with filtering surgery. MIGS vary in design and procedure, but all angle-based MIGS function by bypassing or removing aqueous humor outflow resistance at the level of the trabecular meshwork. This can lower intraocular pressure but also remove the blood-aqueous barrier.

Progressive Paracentral Visual Field Loss at Low Intraocular Pressures Following LASIK.

Intraocular pressure is currently the only known reliable, modifiable risk factor for the development and progression of glaucoma. Other risk factors for glaucoma include increasing age, myopia, decreased central corneal thickness, and low corneal hysteresis (CH) measurements. Photoablative keratorefractive surgery including laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) has become a common way to treat refractive error, with over 25 million procedures performed in the United States alone.

"CYP3A4 Poor and Intermediate Metabolizers Have a Higher Rate of Steroid-Induced Intraocular Pressure Response".

Purpose: Evaluate the relationship between CYP3A4 phenotype, the gene encoding the enzyme that metabolizes exogenous steroid, and the rate of steroid-induced intraocular pressure (IOP) response.

Materials And Methods: Lymphocyte-derived DNA sequencing of CYP3A4 from 10073 patients was completed using the PGRN-Seq assay. Subjects with CYP3A4 intermediate metabolizer or slower phenotypes were identified and compared with controls matched by age, race and sex.

Appropriateness of Ophthalmology Recommendations From an Online Chat-Based Artificial Intelligence Model.

Objective: To determine the appropriateness of ophthalmology recommendations from an online chat-based artificial intelligence model to ophthalmology questions.

Patients And Methods: Cross-sectional qualitative study from April 1, 2023, to April 30, 2023. A total of 192 questions were generated spanning all ophthalmic subspecialties.

Single-Use Lens Compromise During Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty.

Prcis: Damage to disposable selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) lenses correlated with the amount of total laser energy. Furthermore, greater lens damage was associated with diminished patient treatment response.

Purpose: Disposable SLT lenses have been observed to be damaged during use by laser, potentially affecting therapeutic response.

Aqueous Shunts with Extraocular Reservoir for Open-Angle Adult Glaucoma: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To evaluate the recently published literature on the efficacy and safety of the use of aqueous shunts with extraocular reservoir for the management of adult open-angle glaucomas (OAGs).

Methods: A search of peer-reviewed literature was last conducted in April 2023 of the PubMed database and included only articles published since the last aqueous shunt Ophthalmic Technology Assessment, which assessed articles published before 2008. The abstracts of these 419 articles were examined, and 58 studies were selected for full-text analysis.

Central Visual Field Testing in Early Glaucoma: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To evaluate the current published literature on the utility of the 10-2 visual field (VF) testing strategy for the evaluation and management of early glaucoma, defined here as mean deviation (MD) better than -6 decibels (dB).

Methods: A search of the peer-reviewed literature was last conducted in June 2023 in the PubMed database. Abstracts of 986 articles were examined to exclude reviews and non-English-language articles.

Trabecular Procedures Combined with Cataract Surgery for Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To determine the intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction of various trabecular procedures (a form of minimally invasive glaucoma surgery [MIGS]) combined with cataract surgery compared with cataract surgery alone, to compare the safety of the various trabecular procedures, and to highlight patient characteristics that may favor one trabecular procedure over another.

Methods: A search of English-language peer-reviewed literature in the PubMed database was initially conducted in February 2021 and updated in April 2023. This yielded 279 articles.

Determination of the Trans-Lamina Cribrosa Pressure Difference in a Community-Based Population and its Association with Open-Angle Glaucoma.

Purpose: To determine the trans-lamina cribrosa pressure difference (TLCPD) in a cohort of normal community-based patients and the relationship to primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).

Design: Retrospective cohort study of the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging.

Participants: The Mayo Clinic Study of Aging is a prospective study evaluating the normal aging population.

Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty for the Treatment of Glaucoma: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the current published literature for high-quality studies on the use of selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) for the treatment of glaucoma. This is an update of the Ophthalmic Technology Assessment titled, "Laser Trabeculoplasty for Open-Angle Glaucoma," published in November 2011.

Methods: Literature searches in the PubMed database in March 2020, September 2021, August 2022, and March 2023 yielded 110 articles.

A Case of Uveitis-Glaucoma-Hyphema Syndrome Related to a Hydrus Microstent.

Uveitis-Glaucoma-Hyphema (UGH) syndrome is characterized by episodes of anterior chamber inflammation, elevated intraocular pressure and hyphema. It is caused by a mechanical chafing of the iris or ciliary body typically by a malpositioned intraocular lens. We present a rare case of UGH syndrome related to the insertion of a Hydrus Microstent.

Non-invasive Measurement of the Viscoelasticity of the Optic Nerve and Sclera for Assessing Papilledema: A Pilot Clinical Study.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate our novel ultrasound vibro-elastography (UVE) technique for assessing patients with papilledema by non-invasively measuring shear wave speed (SWS), elasticity and viscosity properties of the optic nerve and sclera.

Methods: Shear wave speeds were measured at three frequencies-100, 150 and 200 Hz-on the optic nerve and sclera tissues for assessing patients with papilledema resulting from idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). The method was evaluated in six papilledema patients and six controls on two separate locations for each participant (i.

The Effect of Scleral Buckle Surgery on Tonographic Outflow Facility, Positional Intraocular Pressure, and Ocular Biomechanics.

Purpose: To investigate the in vivo effect of scleral buckle surgery on ocular biomechanics and aqueous humor dynamics.

Design: Prospective observational cross-sectional study.

Participants: Nine patients with unilateral 360 degree encircling scleral buckles without vitrectomy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachments, between 3 and 39 months postoperative.

Efficacy of Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty in Patients on Systemic Immunosuppressive Therapy.

Prcis: When comparing patients on systemic immunosuppressive therapy to those without, there was no difference in intraocular pressure (IOP) early after SLT; however, at 1 year following SLT, IOP was higher in the immunosuppression group compared with controls.

Purpose: To determine whether patients taking systemic immunosuppressive medications have a different IOP-lowering response to selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) compared with a control group of patients.

Methods: All patients who underwent SLT at Mayo Clinic 2017-2021 were identified.

Corneal Hysteresis for the Diagnosis of Glaucoma and Assessment of Progression Risk: A Report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology.

Purpose: To review the current published literature on the utility of corneal hysteresis (CH) to assist the clinician in the diagnosis of glaucoma or in the assessment of risk for disease progression in existing glaucoma patients.

Methods: Searches of the peer-reviewed literature in the PubMed database were performed through July 2022. The abstracts of 423 identified articles were examined to exclude reviews and non-English articles.

Eye Dynamics and Engineering Network Consortium: Baseline Characteristics of a Randomized Trial in Healthy Adults.

Purpose: To improve understanding of intraocular pressure (IOP) and its variance, this project identifies systemic and ocular characteristics of healthy eyes of adult volunteers including IOP variation, ocular biometrics, and aqueous humor dynamics (AHDs). These data serve as baseline controls for further studies from the Eye Dynamics and Engineering Network (EDEN) Consortium.

Design: Multicenter open-label clinical trial in healthy adults randomized to 1 week treatment with 2 approved glaucoma drugs in a crossover design.

Risk, Prevalence, and Progression of Glaucoma in Eyes With Age-Related Macular Degeneration Treated With Intravitreal Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Injections.

Purpose: To examine the risk, prevalence, and progression of glaucoma development in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) eyes receiving intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections compared to controls.

Design: Retrospective clinical cohort study.

Methods: Retrospective review of eyes receiving intravitreal anti-VEGF injections from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2013, for exudative AMD.

Emerging drugs for the treatment of glaucoma: a review of phase II & III trials.

Introduction: Glaucoma is a progressive optic neuropathy and the leading cause of irreversible vision loss. By 2040, the number of individuals with glaucoma is expected to nearly double. The only known modifiable risk factor for glaucoma is intraocular pressure.

Surgical Advancement of Tenon's Layer During Trabeculectomy Improves Bleb Morphology.

Trabeculectomy surgery remains the gold standard incisional glaucoma surgical procedure in many practices, particularly for patients requiring intraocular pressure (IOP) in the low teens or below. However, trabeculectomy surgery is associated with complications including leakage, over filtration, or fibrosis of the surgical bleb. Morphology of the surgical bleb is an important predictor of surgical success defined as long-term IOP reduction with minimal to no complications.

Honeycomb Epithelial Edema Associated With Rho Kinase Inhibition: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

The Rho kinase inhibitor netarsudil is a recently approved therapeutic option for the management of increased intraocular pressure in the United States. Although phase 3 clinical trials noted corneal changes related to the medication-namely, nonvisually-significant corneal verticillata-descriptions of a unique form of cystic epithelial edema began to surface as netarsudil (and its sister drug ripasudil, approved in Japan) gained widespread use. This series adds 3 new cases and reviews the current literature on this unique side effect.

Effect of Topical Phenylephrine 2.5% on Episcleral Venous Pressure in Normal Human Eyes.

Purpose: Phenylephrine has been shown to affect intraocular pressure (IOP) but the mechanism of action is poorly understood. However, its action as a vasoconstrictor suggests possible effects on episcleral venous pressure (EVP). In this study, we evaluated the effect of phenylephrine on EVP and IOP in healthy subjects.

The Effects of Topical Timolol and Latanoprost on Calculated Ocular Perfusion Pressure in Nonglaucomatous Volunteers.

To characterize the effects of timolol and latanoprost on calculated ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) in a multicenter, prospective, crossover-design study. Nonglaucomatous volunteers were evaluated at baseline, after 1 week of timolol 0.5% dosed twice daily, and after 1 week of latanoprost 0.

Comparison of Corneal Wave Speed and Ocular Rigidity in Normal and Glaucomatous Eyes.

Precis: Ocular biomechanics were compared between treated glaucoma patients and healthy subjects matched for age, intraocular pressure (IOP), and axial length. There was no difference in corneal wave propagation speed, but ocular rigidity was lower in glaucomatous eyes.

Purpose: Ocular biomechanical properties are important in understanding glaucoma pathogenesis but the affected tissues are unclear.