Pons herniation after skull base chondrosarcoma surgery: A rare complication after transclival endoscopic endonasal approach.

Background: Intracranial chondrosarcomas are malignant tumors that most commonly affect the clivus region. For tumors in this location, the extended endoscopic endonasal approach could offer an alternative route. We present a case of pons herniation after this technique.

New perspectives on assessment and understanding of the patient with cranial bone defect: a morphometric and cerebral radiodensity assessment.

Background: Skull defects after decompressive craniectomy (DC) cause physiological changes in brain function and patients can have neurologic symptoms after the surgery. The objective of this study is to evaluate whether there are morphometric changes in the cortical surface and radiodensity of brain tissue in patients undergoing cranioplasty and whether those variables are correlated with neurological prognosis.

Methods: This is a prospective cohort with 30 patients who were submitted to cranioplasty and followed for 6 months.

Measuring pituitary tumor volume: a comparison of the simplified and non-simplified ellipsoid equation with the 3D planimetric volume assessment.

Purpose: The ellipsoid equation came in an attempt to facilitate the estimation of tumor volume, by measuring the height, width, and anteroposterior length of the lesion. The estimated tumor volume can sometimes be different between methods, thus, it is of extreme interest to evaluate if the methods are significantly different, as well as to discuss the main limitations of each one.

Methods: This is an observational, analytical, cross-sectional study.

Improvement in neurological outcome and brain hemodynamics after late cranioplasty.

Background: Early cranioplasty has been encouraged after decompressive craniectomy (DC), aiming to reduce consequences of atmospheric pressure over the opened skull. However, this practice may not be often available in low-middle-income countries (LMICs). We evaluated clinical improvement, hemodynamic changes in each hemisphere, and the hemodynamic balance between hemispheres after late cranioplasty in a LMIC, as the institution's routine resources allowed.

Primary central nervous system tumors in Sergipe, Brazil: descriptive epidemiology between 2010 and 2018.

Background: Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are a heterogeneous group with high morbidity and mortality.

Objectives: To describe the epidemiology of primary CNS tumors diagnosed in the state of Sergipe from 2010 to 2018.

Methods: We evaluated histopathological and immunohistochemical reports on primary CNS tumors diagnosed in Sergipe, Brazil, between 2010 and 2018 and collected data regarding age, sex, location, World Health Organization (WHO) classification and histology.

Noncystic cerebellopontine angle hemangioblastoma: A case of an atypical location.

Introduction: Extra-axial cerebellopontine angle (CPA) hemangioblastoma is a rare condition in which the correct differential diagnosis from other CPA lesions can affect the best treatment choice. These are benign tumors that are highly vascularized and mostly present in the cystic form. About twenty-six cases have been reported in the literature with this same location and with a noncystic aspect.

Fisher revised scale for assessment of prognosis in patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Unlabelled: The Fisher revised scale (FRS) presents an alternative for evaluating patients with subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In this study, we compared the prognosis of patients with SAH and vasospasms (VSP).

Method: This was a prospective study on patients with a diagnosis of aneurysmal SAH, 72 hours after the initial event.

Cognitive rehabilitation following traumatic brain injury.

Annually, some 500,000 people are hospitalized with brain lesions acquired after traumatic brain injury (TBI) in Brazil. Between 75,000 and 100,000 individuals die within hours of the event and 70,000 to 90,000 evolve to irreversible loss of some neurological function. The principal causes of TBI include motor vehicle accidents (50%), falls (21%), assaults and robberies (12%) and accidents during leisure activities (10%).

The puzzling olfactory groove schwannoma: a systematic review.

We systematically reviewed the literature concerning the anterior cranial fossa schwannomas to understand their pathogenesis, determine their origin, and standardize the terminology. We performed a MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Science Citation Index Expanded search of the literature; age, gender, clinical presentation, presence or absence of hyposmia, radiological features, and apparent origin were analyzed and tabulated. Cases in a context of neurofibromatosis and nasal schwannomas with intracranial extension were not included.

Remote postoperative epidural hematoma after subdural hygroma drainage.

Objective. Subdural hygroma is reported to occur in 5%-20% of all patients with closed head trauma, the treatment is controversial and in symptomatic cases surgical drainage is need. We report on a new case with remote acute epidural hematoma (AEH) after subdural hygroma drainage.

Perspective of the frontolateral craniotomies.

The pterional craniotomy is one of the most frequently surgical approaches used in neurosurgery and currently it has become a mainsteam. It allows excellent microsurgical exposure of anterior and posterior regions of the arterial circle of Willis, supra and paraselar regions, the superior orbital fissure of sphenoid bone, cavernous sinus, orbit, temporal lobe, midbrain and the frontal lobe. Like others techniques, the pterional craniotomy presented disadvantages related to dissection of the temporal muscle.

[Megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter and cystic formation].

We present three cases of megalencephalic leukoencephalopathy with vanishing white matter and cystic formation in both temporal lobes, diagnosed through magnetic resonance imaging. All the cases presented clinical and radiological aspects according to the diagnostic criteria that were established in the initial description of the syndrome. Clinical and radiological aspects are discussed.

[Circadian rhythm and encephalic vascular disease: a correlative study with risk factors].

The human biological mechanisms show a predictable clinical variability in time, which has allowed a deeper reevaluation of present-day medical practices, regarding the circadian rhythm (CR) and the mechanisms that produce the supported variations in all biological levels. We have made a study aiming to relate the CR and onset of the neurological clinic situation due to the encephalic vascular lesion, correlating with modifying risk factors. Fifty three patients were studied, 50,94% female (n=27) and 49,50% male (n=26), at average age 66.