Tribulus (Zygophyllaceae) as a case study for the evolution of C and C photosynthesis.

C photosynthesis is a photosynthetic pathway in which photorespiratory CO release and refixation are enhanced in leaf bundle sheath (BS) tissues. The evolution of C photosynthesis has been hypothesized to be a major step in the origin of C photosynthesis, highlighting the importance of studying C evolution. In this study, physiological, anatomical, ultrastructural, and immunohistochemical properties of leaf photosynthetic tissues were investigated in six non-C Tribulus species and four C Tribulus species.

CAM photosynthesis in Bulnesia retama (Zygophyllaceae), a non-succulent desert shrub from South America.

Background And Aims: Bulnesia retama is a drought-deciduous, xerophytic shrub from arid landscapes of South America. In a survey of carbon isotope ratios (δ13C) in specimens from the field, B. retama exhibited less negative values, indicative of CAM or C4 photosynthesis.

Emerging EGFR-Mutated Subclones in a Patient With Metastatic ALK-Rearranged Lung Adenocarcinoma Treated With ALK-Targeted Therapy: A Case Report.

We report a case of pathologically confirmed ALK-rearranged metastatic lung adenocarcinoma with emergence of EGFR L858R mutation on disease progression after two lines of treatment with ALK inhibitors. At initial diagnosis, tumoral ALK expression was detected without EGFR mutation by standard allele-specific polymerase chain reaction. There was sustained partial response to both first-line crizotinib and subsequent brigatinib.

Digest: Between invasive species and a hot place: Plant evolution under climate change.

Will climate change lead to invasive species evolving faster than native or naturalized species? Gianoli and Molina-Montenegro showed that, under warming and drought, the evolution of photosynthetic capacity does not always favor invasive species. These data raise interesting questions for the study of evolution of invasive species under climate change.

Topical imiquimod before intradermal trivalent influenza vaccine for protection against heterologous non-vaccine and antigenically drifted viruses: a single-centre, double-blind, randomised, controlled phase 2b/3 trial.

Background: Pretreatment with topical imiquimod, a synthetic agonist of toll-like receptor 7, significantly improved the immunogenicity of influenza vaccination in elderly people. We aimed to clarify its effect in a younger age group.

Methods: In this double-blind, randomised controlled trial, we enrolled healthy volunteers aged 18-30 years in early 2014 to receive the 2013-14 northern-hemisphere winter trivalent influenza vaccine at the Queen Mary Hospital, (Hong Kong, China).

Inflammation targeted Gd(3+)-based MRI contrast agents imaging tumor and rheumatoid arthritis models.

Inflammatory responses are closely related to cancer progression and several diseases. Anti-inflammatory drugs that bind to inducible enzymes can be used as biomarkers for molecular imaging. Selective targeted contrast agents are expected to improve contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in MRI at the site of inflammation.