Cognitive Impairment Following Acute Mild Traumatic Brain Injury.

Patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) may present cognitive deficits within the first 24 h after trauma, herein called "acute phase," which in turn may lead to long-term functional impairment and decrease in quality of life. Few studies investigated cognition in mTBI patients during the acute phase. The objectives of this study were to investigate the cognitive profile of patients with mTBI during the acute phase, compared to controls and normative data, and whether loss of consciousness (LOC), previous TBI and level of education influence cognition at this stage.

Personality disorders are associated with more severe forms of migraine.

To investigate the clinical manifestation, disease course, and prognosis of migraine patients with or without personality disorders. This cross-sectional study evaluated 61 patients with migraine diagnosed according to the criteria of the International Headache Society (IHS). Personality disorders were assessed with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-II).

Soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors are associated with severity of kidney dysfunction in pediatric chronic kidney disease.

Background: In adult chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, there is a positive association between inflammation and progressive renal dysfunction. Higher levels of soluble receptors of tumor necrosis factor (sTNFR) have been related to worst prognosis of adult CKD patients. Therefore, the present study aimed to evaluate soluble TNF receptors in children and adolescents with CKD and to search for an association with clinical and laboratory features.

Clinical Predictors of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Patients with Parkinson's Disease.

Background And Purpose: Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is a common complaint among patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Several factors have been associated with EDS in PD, especially neuropsychiatric symptoms. This study aimed to determine the relationships between neuropsychiatric symptoms, sociodemographic and clinical parameters, and EDS in PD.

Sleep quality is associated with the severity of clinical symptoms in Parkinson's disease.

Sleep disorders are very common in Parkinson's disease (PD), being associated with several other conditions, mainly psychiatric disorders. The present study was designed to assess sleep quality in Brazilian patients with PD and to evaluate whether sleep changes are associated with clinical variables, especially neuropsychiatric symptoms in PD. Patients diagnosed with PD were subjected to a comprehensive clinical evaluation that included the assessment of motor, cognitive and psychiatric symptoms.

Adolescent adaptive behavior profiles in Williams-Beuren syndrome, Down syndrome, and autism spectrum disorder.

Background: Adaptive behavior can be impaired in different neurodevelopmental disorders and may be influenced by confounding factors, such as intelligence quotient (IQ) and socioeconomic classification. Our main objective was to verify whether adaptive behavior profiles differ in three conditions-Williams Beuren syndrome (WBS), Down syndrome (DS), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), as compared with healthy controls (HC) and with each other. Although the literature points towards each disorder having a characteristic profile, no study has compared profiles to establish the specificity of each one.

Is there any association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and bipolar disorder? A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: The relationship between Toxoplasma gondii infection and the development of bipolar disorder (BD) has long been investigated, yet to date it is still poorly understood and documented. The aim of this review is to derive a summary estimate of the strength of the association between infection with T. gondii and BD from the available published studies.

Determinants of quality of life in Brazilian patients with myasthenia gravis.

Objectives: The aims of the current study were 1) to evaluate the reliability and validity of the Brazilian version of the 15-item Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life Scale and 2) to investigate the quality of life of Brazilian patients with myasthenia gravis and its determinants.

Methods: This cross-sectional study included 69 patients with myasthenia gravis who underwent neurological evaluation and completed questionnaires regarding quality of life (the 36-item Short Form of the Medical Outcomes Study and the 15-item Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life Scale), anxiety and depressive symptoms.

Results: The Brazilian version of the 15-item Myasthenia Gravis Quality of Life Scale showed high internal consistency and good concurrent validity with the 36-item Short Form of the Medical Outcomes Study and its subscales.

[Frequency of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with autism and attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder].

Objective:: To assess the frequency of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and their parents, in comparison with children and adolescents without developmental disorders.

Methods:: Anthropometric measures were obtained in 69 outpatients with ASD (8.4±4.

Language Impairment in Adolescents With Sydenham Chorea.

Background: Neuropsychiatric comorbidities are frequent in Sydenham chorea. However, cognitive impairment in Sydenham chorea has not been sufficiently described. The objective of this study was to evaluate expressive and receptive language deficits in adolescents with Sydenham chorea.

Anxiety, depression, resilience and quality of life in children and adolescents with pre-dialysis chronic kidney disease.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a risk factor for psychosocial impairment and psychiatric symptoms. Children and adolescents on dialysis frequently have compromised daily life activities and a worse quality of life (QoL) compared with healthy peers. However, few studies have investigated these aspects of CKD in pediatric pre-dialysis CKD patients.

Plasma levels of alarmin IL-33 are unchanged in autism spectrum disorder: a preliminary study.

The pathogenesis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is unknown, and the immune system has been appointed to play an important role. The interleukin 33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1, may act as an alarmin. This study aimed to evaluate plasma levels of IL-33, sST2, and IL-1β in 30 patients with ASD in comparison with 18 controls matched by gender, age and maternal age at childbirth.

The association of openness personality trait with stress-related salivary biomarkers in burning mouth syndrome.

Background: Burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is a chronic disorder defined as a burning sensation in the oral mucosa without evidence of pathological findings. Its pathophysiology is largely unknown, but psychiatric disorders and personality traits have been implicated.

Objective: This study investigated whether there is any association between salivary biomarkers and personality traits in BMS patients.

Circulating levels of neurotrophic factors in autism spectrum disorders.

Objectives: Evaluate the levels of a neurotrophic factor and some neurotrophins in the plasma of patients with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).

Design: This study enrolled 30 children with ASD and 19 healthy children. Plasma levels of the neurotrophins BDNF, NGF, NT3, NT4 and of the neurotrophic factor GDNF were measured by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay.

Cognitive alterations in chronic kidney disease: an update.

Impairment of cognitive functions occurs frequently in chronic kidney disease (CKD). The conditions most associated with this decline are depression, delirium, mild cognitive impairment and dementia. The mechanisms involved have not been established yet, but some factors, as neuronal damage by uremic toxins, cerebrovascular ischemic lesions, oxidative stress, chronic inflammation, anemia, hyperhomocysteinemia, the endothelial dysfunction may play a critical role.

Behavioral characteristics of dysphonic children: integrative literature review.

Purpose: Integrative review of the scientific literature about the behavioral characteristics of dysphonic children discussing profiled and their etiologic relationship with the voice disorder, seeking to define recommendations on the importance of analyzing the behavior of children in voice assessment.

Research Strategy: Integrative review of articles published in the last 12 years, the Virtual Health Library.

Selection Criteria: Set up the theme of "behavioral characteristics of dysphonic children" was selected the databases LILACS, IBECS, MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, SciELO and ISI Web of Science and the following inclusion criteria: original articles, publication year from 2000 and 2012, Portuguese, English and Spanish.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Brazilian Portuguese of the Children's Communication Checklist-2.

Purpose: To translate the Children's Communication Checklist-2 (CCC-2) into Brazilian-Portuguese, to make its cross-cultural adaptation and to assess its internal reliability.

Methods: The translation and cross-cultural adaptation followed the recommendations of the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research. The test was administered to 20 parents or caregivers of individuals with autism in order to investigate the level of understandability of the object under study.

Changes in adipokine levels in autism spectrum disorders.

Background And Objective: The etiopathogenesis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is largely unknown, but it seems to involve dysfunction in several biological systems. Among many possible biological pathways, the immune system has emerged as potentially involved. Recent studies have shown association between cytokines (molecules that mediate immune cell interaction) and ASD.

Psychiatric disorders in persistent and remitted Sydenham's chorea.

Background: Sydenham's chorea (SC) has been associated with increased frequency of psychiatric disorders. The objective of the present study was to determine whether there is any difference in the frequency of psychiatric disorders between SC patients in remission and patients with persistent chorea.

Methods: Fifty consecutive patients with SC (mean age ± SD, years; 21.

A critical and descriptive approach to interictal behavior with the Neurobehavior Inventory (NBI).

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the Neurobehavior Inventory (NBI) in a group of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) patients from a tertiary care center, correlating its scores with the presence of psychiatric symptoms.

Methods: Clinical and sociodemographic data from ninety-six TLE outpatients were collected, and a neuropsychiatric evaluation was performed with the following instruments: Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), structured psychiatric interview (MINI-PLUS), Neurobehavior Inventory (NBI), and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D).

Results: Some traits evaluated by the NBI showed adequate internal consistency (mean inter-item correlation between 0.

Psychiatric comorbidities of chronic migraine in community and tertiary care clinic samples.

Although the association between episodic migraine and psychiatric comorbidities is well documented, few studies have focused on the comorbidity with chronic migraine (CM) and discrepancies exist between population-based and clinic-based data. The objective of this study is to compare demographic and psychiatric comorbidity correlates between CM samples drawn from the community and tertiary care. All inhabitants from a city borough were interviewed for the presence of headaches occurring 15 or more days per month.

Psychiatric disorders in burning mouth syndrome.

Background: Prevalence of psychiatric disorders in burning mouth syndrome (BMS) is high, but their role in the pathogenesis of BMS remains unclear.

Objective: The authors aimed to assess the frequency of psychiatric disorders and the severity of psychopathology in BMS.

Methods: Thirty BMS patients and thirty-one controls underwent a psychiatric evaluation which included a structured interview (MINI-Plus) and five psychometric scales.