Brazilian nut consumption improves selenium status and glutathione peroxidase activity and reduces atherogenic risk in obese women.

Studies have shown that there are inverse relationships between nut consumption and the reduction of cardiovascular risk. This study tested the hypothesis that daily consumption of Brazilian nuts would have a positive effect upon selenium (Se) status, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase activity, lipid profile, and atherogenic risk in severely obese women. Thirty-seven severely obese women each consumed 1 Brazilian nut a day (290 μg of Se a day) for 8 weeks.

Associations between glutathione peroxidase-1 Pro198Leu polymorphism, selenium status, and DNA damage levels in obese women after consumption of Brazil nuts.

Objective: Alterations in selenium (Se) status may result in suboptimal amounts of selenoproteins, which have been associated with increased oxidative stress levels. The Pro198Leu polymorphism at the glutathione peroxidase-1 (GPx1) gene is supposed to be functional. The response of Se status, GPx activity, and levels of DNA damage to a Se supplementation trial between the genotypes related to that polymorphism was investigated.

Early marginal ulcer following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass under proton pump inhibitor treatment: prospective multicentric study.

Context: Causal factors of gastrojejunal ulcers after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass include peptic acid secretion from the gastric pouch. Esomeprazole is a potent inhibitor of acid secretion.

Objective: To assess the occurrence of dyspepsia and gastrojejunal ulcers within the first 2 months after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass during the use of esomeprazole.

Calcium intake and metabolic bone disease after eight years of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

Background: Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) has been found to be the most efficient way to lose weight and maintain the weight loss in morbid obesity. However, with the formation of a new stomach and the modification of intestinal anatomy, there are significant changes on physiological properties of these organs that lead to nutrient deficiency, including calcium. The objectives of this study were to evaluate calcium intake, bone metabolism, and prevalence of metabolic bone disease in women subjected to RYGBP after 8 years.

Endoscopic findings in the excluded stomach after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery.

Hypothesis: After gastric bypass surgery performed because of morbid obesity, the excluded stomach can rarely be endoscopically examined. With the advent of a new apparatus and technique, possible mucosal changes can be routinely accessed and monitored, thus preventing potential benign and malignant complications.

Design: Prospective observational study in a homogeneous population with nonspecific symptoms.

Adjustable totally implantable intragastric prosthesis (ATIIP)-Endogast for treatment of morbid obesity: one-year follow-up of a multicenter prospective clinical survey.

Background: The Adjustable Totally Implantable Intragastric Prosthesis (ATIIP)-Endogas is a new mini-invasive technique for the treatment of morbid obesity. The ATIIP is conducted using a surgical and endoscopic procedure. The permanent presence of an air-inflated prosthesis inside the gastric corpus-fundus area and the fixation of the stomach to the abdominal wall are the two main principles in the technique.

Follow-up of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass patients at 5 or more years postoperatively.

Background: Short-term results (24 to 36 months) after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) have been extensively described. Little is reported on the patients operated > or = 5 years ago. We analyzed the results of weight loss, resolution of co-morbidities and nutritional complications of patients submitted to the silicone ring RYGBP, at least 5 years before.

What to expect in the excluded stomach mucosa after vertical banded Roux-en-Y gastric bypass for morbid obesity.

Mucosal alterations after vertical banded Roux-en-Y gastric bypass have not been clearly evaluated. The aim of this paper was to analyze the histological findings and the presence of Helicobacter pylori in the excluded stomach. Forty consecutive patients who underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass longer than 36 months were selected for double-balloon enteroscopy.

Effects of bariatric surgery on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: preliminary findings after 2 years.

Background And Aim: Although nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is very common among morbidly obese patients, the effect of weight loss after bariatric surgery on inflammation and fibrosis related to NAFLD is still a matter of debate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery on NAFLD with a follow up of 2 years.

Methods: Eighteen consecutive NAFLD patients with body mass index >40 kg/m(2) undergoing gastroplasty with RYGB were enrolled, and wedge liver biopsy was obtained at the operation.

Rhabdomyolysis after gastric bypass: severity and outcome patterns.

Background: Rhabdomyolysis (RML) is a recently recognized complication of bariatric operations, but it is not known whether creatine kinase (CK) levels along with clinical markers are able to define the course and outcome.

Methods: Bariatric patients (n=324) were reviewed retrospectively. Substantially elevated plasma CK after operation was identified in 4.

Cancer in the excluded stomach 4 years after gastric bypass.

Gastric bypass is the preferred operation for treatment of morbid obesity on many services. The evaluation of the excluded stomach is always difficult and a matter of concern for the attending physician. There are only four reported cases of gastric cancer in the distal stomach after gastric bypass.

Effect of gastric bypass on spontaneous growth hormone and ghrelin release profiles.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze growth hormone (GH) concentrations in obese women before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) and how resulting changes in weight, fat mass, ghrelin levels, and insulin sensitivity affect GH secretion.

Research Methods And Procedures: Blood was sampled at 20-minute intervals for 24 hours in 10 non-diabetic premenopausal severely obese women before and 6 months after RYGBP. GH concentrations were measured in all samples, and serum ghrelin was collected at five time-points.

Zinc nutritional status of morbidly obese patients before and after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a preliminary report.

Background: Previous researchers have found that the nutritional zinc status in obese and diabetic subjects is altered: low zinc concentrations in plasma and erythrocytes with high urinary zinc excretion were observed. This study assessed the influence of the Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) on the plasma, erythrocyte and urinary zinc concentrations before the beginning of the mineral supplementation.

Methods: 24 morbidly obese patients were studied before and 2 months after RYGBP (the period in which the patients were still not ingesting mineral supplements).

Primary headaches in obese patients.

Background And Objective: Obesity is a major public health problem worldwide. Little is known about the prevalence and impact of headache disorders in obese patients. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of primary headaches in obese patients and controls.

Lipid peroxidation in bariatric candidates with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) -- preliminary findings.

Background: Pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) remains incompletely known, and oxidative stress is one of the mechanisms incriminated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of liver oxidative stress in NAFLD affecting morbidly obese patients.

Methods: 39 consecutive patients with BMI >40 kg/m2 submitted to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass were enrolled, and wedge liver biopsy was obtained during operation.

Severe protein-calorie malnutrition after bariatric procedures.

Background: Serious nutritional complications after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) are infrequent. In a retrospective study of patients operated during a 68-month period, malnutrition was investigated to analyze circumstances associated with nutritional failure.

Methods: In 236 consecutive RYGBPs, 11 patients with severe malnutrition were identified (4.