Determination of the melanin and anthocyanin content in barley grains by digital image analysis using machine learning methods.

The pigment composition of plant seed coat affects important properties such as resistance to pathogens, pre-harvest sprouting, and mechanical hardness. The dark color of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) grain can be attributed to the synthesis and accumulation of two groups of pigments.

Image-based classification of wheat spikes by glume pubescence using convolutional neural networks.

Introduction: Pubescence is an important phenotypic trait observed in both vegetative and generative plant organs. Pubescent plants demonstrate increased resistance to various environmental stresses such as drought, low temperatures, and pests. It serves as a significant morphological marker and aids in selecting stress-resistant cultivars, particularly in wheat.

[The choice of antibiotic according the results of standard bacteriological analysis and express-method without isolation of pure cultures.].

The efficiency of choosing antibiotics using two methods was analyzed. The first method is based on standard laboratory analysis including isolation of pure cultures of prospective agent and detection of their individual sensitivity to antibiotics. The second method is based on a new express-technique permitting to simultaneously evaluate effect of pharmaceuticals on cultivated and not cultivated yet bacteria without isolation of pure cultures.

Effects of Multicide, Antibacterial Drug, on Staphylococcus Biomembranes.

Drug penetration into bacterial biomembranes is one of the most important factors determining the efficiency of antibacterial therapy. Multicide, antibacterial drug, is a nanomolecule 1.3-2.

Characteristics of bacterial biofilms during long-term culturing.

We studied properties of bacterial biofilms during long-term culturing. The biofilms were preserved for more than 90 days under the chosen conditions. At the same time, amounts of matrix and cells underwent periodic changes.

Databases and tools in glycobiology.

Glycans are crucial to the functioning of multicellular organisms. They may also play a role as mediators between host and parasite or symbiont. As many proteins (>50%) are posttranslationally modified by glycosylation, this mechanism is considered to be the most widespread posttranslational modification in eukaryotes.

[Combined action of levofloxacin and DNAase on biofilms of urogenital infection pathogens].

The effect of antibiotics and DNAase on biofilms of unrelated gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was studied on strains isolated from patients with infectious and inflammatory urinary diseases. It was found that destruction of extracellular DNA biofilms by DNAase increases sensitivity of the bacteria to environmental factors including antibacterial drugs. DNAase addition to forming and formed biofilms created by unrelated bacteria leads to similar dose-dependent changes This evidences for universal action of the enzyme.

Erythropoietin produced in a human cell line (Dynepo) has significant differences in glycosylation compared with erythropoietins produced in CHO cell lines.

Recombinant human erythropoietin has been used to treat anemia associated with chronic renal disease. This paper provides a comprehensive comparative analysis of Dynepo and three other commercial erythropoiesis stimulating agents, Eprex, NeoRecormon and Aranesp. We found significant differences in the type, levels and amount of O-acetylation of sialic acids.

[Efficacy of fluoroquinolones on urological infection pathogens within biofilms].

Our investigations demonstrated that fluoroquinalones affect both formation and established urological bacterial biofilms which present difficulties for antimicrobial therapy because incomplete eradication of uroinfection promotes persistence and development of chronic processes. Fluoroquinalones reduce biofilm mass and number of CFU. The affected biofilms become less resistant to external impacts.

GlycoExtractor: a web-based interface for high throughput processing of HPLC-glycan data.

Recently, an automated high-throughput HPLC platform has been developed that can be used to fully sequence and quantify low concentrations of N-linked sugars released from glycoproteins, supported by an experimental database (GlycoBase) and analytical tools (autoGU). However, commercial packages that support the operation of HPLC instruments and data storage lack platforms for the extraction of large volumes of data. The lack of resources and agreed formats in glycomics is now a major limiting factor that restricts the development of bioinformatic tools and automated workflows for high-throughput HPLC data analysis.

Comprehensive characterization of cytochrome P450 isozyme selectivity across chemical libraries.

The cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene family catalyzes drug metabolism and bioactivation and is therefore relevant to drug development. We determined potency values for 17,143 compounds against five recombinant CYP isozymes (1A2, 2C9, 2C19, 2D6 and 3A4) using an in vitro bioluminescent assay. The compounds included libraries of US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drugs and screening libraries.

[Clinical and laboratory features of different forms of osteoarthrosis].

Inflammation is currently believed not only to influence clinical manifestations ofosteoarthrosis (OA) but also to be a key pathogenetic link in the chain reaction underlying progress of the disease. Patients with OA and signs of local inflammation undergo a change of algofunctional index and markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (C-RP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). Inflammation markers in patients with isolated disease of large joints are more affected than in women with OA and concomitant pathologies.

[Effect of exogenic proteolytic enzymes on transfer of plasmid genes in mixed bacterial biofilms].

The effect of the enzyme complex from Vobenzin on transfer of plasmid genes in biofilms of gramnegative bacteria was studied. The extracellular matrix of the bacterial biofilms was shown to contain extracellular DNA carrying the antibiotic resistance markers. The action of the enzyme complex resulted in lower frequency of the antibiotic resistance genes transfer in mixed bacterial biofilms.

Effect of DNase and antibiotics on biofilm characteristics.

The role of extracellular DNA in the maintenance of biofilms formed by gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria was studied. This study evaluated all the bacterial strains that were tested for the presence of extracellular DNA with an average size of 30 kb in the matrix. Our results indicate changes in community biomass, architecture, morphology, and the numbers of CFU in the presence of DNase.

Synthesis, biological evaluation, structural-activity relationship, and docking study for a series of benzoxepin-derived estrogen receptor modulators.

The estrogen receptors ERalpha and ERbeta are recognized as important pharmaceutical targets for a variety of diseases including osteoporosis and breast cancer. A series of novel benzoxepin-derived compounds are described as potent selective modulators of the human estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs). We report the antiproliferative effects of these compounds on human MCF-7 breast tumor cells.

[Characteristics of azithromycin action on bacterial biofilms of pneumonia pathogens].

Azithromycin (Zitrolid) action on biofilms formed by gramnegative and grampositive microorganisms, isolated from patients with respiratory tract infections was investigated. The drug was effective at the stage of the biofilm formation and on exposition to the already formed biofilms.

Distance dependent scoring function for describing protein-ligand intermolecular interactions.

A new empirical scoring function has been developed to estimate the binding affinity of a protein-ligand complex with known three-dimensional structure. The scoring function includes a small number of physicochemical descriptors and a large number of quasi-fragmental descriptors. The first group of descriptors is chosen from the following set: (1) the number of close nonbonded contacts, (2) a score for 'metal-atom' interactions, (3) the number of flexible bonds, (4) van der Waals interaction energy, and (5) electrostatic interaction energy.

[Impact of exogenic proteolytic enzymes on bacteria].

The impact of papain, trypsin and the enzyme complex vobenzyme on formation of biofilms by grampositive and gramnegative bacteria was studied. The enzymes were shown to inhibit the biofilm formation. When applilied to the formed associations, the enzymes potentiated the effect of antibiotics on the bacteria located in them.

Chlamydia trachomatis survival in the presence of two fluoroquinolones (lomefloxacin versus levofloxacin) in patients with chronic prostatitis syndrome.

Fluoroquinolones are recommended in the therapy of chronic prostatitis. Chlamydia trachomatis is one of the possible aetiological agents of chronic prostatitis. However, little is known about chlamydia survival in the presence of fluoroquinolones in patients with chronic prostatitis syndrome.

In vitro activity of fluoroquinolones, azithromycin and doxycycline against chlamydia trachomatis cultured from men with chronic lower urinary tract symptoms.

Introduction: Little is known about chlamydia survival in the presence of fluoroquinolones in patients with chronic prostatitis syndrome (CPS). In vitro activities of four fluoroquinolones, azithromycin and doxycycline against C. trachomatis in patients with CPS being not treated with antibiotics earlier were investigated and compared.

Clinico-Immunologic Peculiarities of Different Forms of Rheumatoid Arthritis.

The problem of searching different immunologic, clinical and laboratory signs and parameters characterizing evaluation of the rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and the early prognosis of its outcome cause interest to studying peculiarities of immunologic status and changes of some serologic markers in different RA forms. The comparison of clinico-immunologic data in seropositive and seronegative patients revealed the most pronounced changes in patients with extraarticular manifestations (EAM), positive to IgM-RF. In this case the direct correlation with RA severity was seen in the both RA forms.

[Clinical and immunologic criteria of the activity of different variants of the course of rheumatoid arthritis].

Clinical and immunological studies were carried out in 24 IgM-RF seropositive and 10 seronegative patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Manifest disorders of microcirculation were noted in the examinees, which was confirmed by changes in platelet hemostasis, detection of antibodies to cardiolipins and of Von Willebrandt's factor antigen, and a high level of circulating immune complexes. Analysis of laboratory and immunological findings showed an association of extraarticular symptoms of RA and detection of anticardiolipin antibodies and Von Willebrandt's factor antigen.

[The comparative characteristics of the immunogenic and immunomodulating activity of different antigenic preparations of the causative agent of Q fever Coxiella burnetii].

The immunogenicity of the Coxiella burnetii corpuscle antigen and two its components, obtained after the treatment with chloroform-methanol or extraction by trichloroacetic acid, was investigated. All the studied antigens were highly immunogenic. A strong correlation was discovered between the immunogenic and immunomodulating properties of the C.

[Screening of immunomodulators by using the system of mononuclear phagocytes].

Immunomodulating effects of various agents can be mediated by the system of mononuclear phagocytes (SMP). Immunomodulators are able to interfere with the initial events in activation of mononuclear phagocytes (MP) on their membranes which inevitably has its impact on molecular manifestations of the MP activation: the oxidative outburst events. At the initial (tentative) stage of the screening potential immunomodulators it is expedient to use tests providing estimation of the oxidative outburst intensity by the activity of glucoso-6-phosphate dehydrogenase, the key enzyme of the hexose monophosphate shunt and by the level of superoxydanions production judged by reduction of nitroblue tetrasolium (NBTT).