Changes in the Microbiome of Milk in Cows with Mastitis.

Analysis of milk micrbiomes from healthy cows and cows with different (clinical and subclinical) forms of mastitis was performed at two farms of the Central Russia. An increase in the operational taxonomic units (OTUs) of bacteria of the phylum Proteоbacteria belonging primarily to Pseudomonadales, Burkholderiales, as well as Streptococcaceae, Staphylococcaceae, and Bacillaceae in the animals with mastitis was detected. The Planococcaceae OTU percentage decreased.

Virulence Factors and Phylogeny of Associated With Bovine Mastitis in Russia Based on Genome Sequences.

is a causative agent of different infectious processes, food poisoning, and autoimmune disorders. The horizontal transfer of pathogenic strains can occur from animal to human under both house and farm conditions, and the spread of strains with antibiotic resistance is an existing problem. In addition to the spread of antibiotic-resistant strains in clinics, this problem also exists in veterinary medicine.

Draft Genome Sequences of Five Staphylococcus aureus Strains Isolated from Clinically Healthy Cows in the Russian Federation.

We present here the draft genome sequences of five strains isolated from milk samples from clinically healthy cows in the Russian Federation. Four of them were determined to be sequence type 97 (ST-97), and one was determined to be ST-22. All the strains are characterized by their genome possessing genes that code for enterotoxins and cytotoxins.

Exotoxin diversity of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from milk of cows with subclinical mastitis in Central Russia.

Mastitis, a major veterinary problem widespread in many regions, is caused mainly by Staphylococcus spp. However, there is no current reliable information about the role of Staphylococcus aureus and their toxins in the development of mastitis in cows in the territory of the Russian Federation. The aim of this investigation was to determine the profile of exotoxins of S.

Association of Polymorphisms in Innate Immunity Genes TLR9 and DEFB1 with Human Longevity.

The distribution of polymorphic variants of innate immunity genes TLR9 (+2848G>A) and DEFB1(-20G>A; -44C>G; -52G>A) was evaluated in long-living individuals. No significant differences were found in the distribution of genotypes and alleles of the TLR9 gene. The following features were revealed: increase in the frequency of AA and GG genotypes and decrease in the frequency of the AG genotype of the DEFB1(-20G>A) gene; increase in the frequency of the CC genotype and C allele and decrease in the frequency of CG and GG genotypes and G allele of the DEFB1(44C>G) gene; and increase in the frequency of AA and AG genotypes and A allele and decrease in the frequency of the GG genotypes and G allele of the DEFB1(-52G>A) gene.

[Proliferative vitreoretinopathy: modern view on etiology and pathogenesis].

Studies on etiology and pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy are necessitated by the absence of a unified theory, which would provide a clear understanding of causes and mechanisms of the disease. The results of recent investigations allow to consider proliferative vitreoretinopathy as an uncontrollable plastic process caused by certain changes in the retina aimed at survival of its cells under oxidative stress. This approach enables preclinical indication of the process and development of new therapies.

[Clinical and genetic characteristics of long-livers in Moscow region].

In Moscow region long-livers we have studied distribution of LPL, CETP, APOE, F2, F5, F7, F13, FGB, ITGA2, ITGB3, PAI-1, MTHFR, MTRR, HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, HLA-DQB1 genes polymorphisms, associated with predisposition to age pathology. Long-livers are characterized by favorable course of cardiovascular diseases accompanied by certain genetic factors. We have established that genotype H-H- of LPL, allele epsilon2 of APOE, genotype CC of MTHFR (677C > T), genotype TC of ITGB3, genotype GA of FGB, HLA-DRB1*11 positively correlate with longevity.

[Longevity: 1. Social, clinical and some metabolic aspects].

We haven't found or identified individual risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (smoking, drinking habit) and a later accession of other risk factors (arterial hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, anemia, hyperfibrinogenemia) in nonagenarians with different age-related diseases. This age group was characterized by comorbidity, delayed onset of the disease with fewer complications and some features of metabolism as compared to other age groups. These results enable us to consider longevity as possible model of successful aging.

Effect of compound LBK-149 on antiarrhythmic activity of lidocaine in rats with arrhythmias and disturbances in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism.

Antiarrhythmic activity of lidocaine during early occlusion and reperfusion arrhythmias decreased in rats with experimental disturbances in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The course of additional treatment with compound LBK-149 potentiated antiarrhythmic activity of lidocaine.

[Antiarrhythmic activity of lidocaine under conditions of lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms disturbances in modeling early occlusional and reperfusional arrhythmias].

The antiarrhythmic activity of lidocaine on the models of early arrhythmias induced by occlusion and reperfusion was studied in rats with background derangements of lipidic and carbohydrate metabolisms. It was established that lidocaine in a dose of 100 mg/kg did not produce reliable antiarrhythmic action under these conditions. In addition, changes in the development of early occlusional and reperfusional arrhythmias against the background violation of lipid and carbohydrate metabolisms were found.

Arrhythmogenic effect of epinephrine during correction of dyslipidemia.

In rats with dyslipidemia epinephrine decreased HR and suppressed automaticity of the sinus node. This effect was not eliminated by LBK-149, dibunol, and glutabiance despite normalization of the plasma lipid spectrum. LBK-149 prevented the development of heart rhythm disturbances during epinephrine administration.

[Immune and interferon system in patients with bronchial asthma].

We studied the levels of acute inflammation phase proteins (AIPP), production of alpha, gamma and serum interferons, the activity of epsilon-receptors of T-lymphocytes in 39 patients with bronchial asthma (BA). Correlations were made with the process severity and basic therapy. We discovered imbalance of immunoregulatory mechanisms: enhanced AIPP synthesis, low production of induced alpha and gamma interferons, elevated concentrations of poor-differentiated T-lymphocytes.

[Contraction-relaxation dynamics and mechanical restitution in the developing myocardium of the chick embryo].

Parameters of the contraction-relaxation cycle and mechanical restitution (MR) were assessed in isolated ventricular preparations of 3- and 4-day chick embryos (EM) and posthatched (PH) chicks. Ryanodine reduced the relaxation rate in the EM but increased it in the PH chicks. It also suppressed a rest-induced potentiation and the MR in all the preparations.

[Anesthetics and the developing heart].

Effects of various anesthetics on the myocardium of developing heart are reviewed. Anesthetics suppress myocardial contractility in a fetus and newborn more intensively than in an adult. This is due to immature cell mechanisms regulating cardiomyocyte contractile activity and specific effect of the autonomic nervous system on the heart.

[Hemodynamic status of the mother and fetus in pregnant women with gestosis during abdominal delivery under different anesthesia methods].

Pregnants in the third trimester with medium- and severe gestosis were divided into 3 groups according to types of maternal and fetal hemodynamics: 1) controls (n = 58 pts); 2) eukinetic type (n = 54 pts); and 3) hypokinetic type (n = 55 pts). Each group was subdivided into 3 subgroups according to administered types of anesthesia for cesarean section (epidural, spinal, and general). Central hemodynamics of the mother, fetus, and fetoplacental complex was studied.

[The anti-arrhythmia activity of amino acid-containing trimecaine derivatives on models of early occlusive and reperfusion arrhythmias in cats].

Experiments were conducted on models of early occlusion and reperfusion arrhythmias in cats to study the antiarrhythmic activity of trimecain, its morpholine analogue (MPT), and MPT derivatives containing glycine, magnesium salt of aspartic acid, and N-acetylglutaminic acid. All the compounds were injected in doses of 5% of LD50. A 22.

[Study of the dynamics of cardiac rhythm and the ST segment in patients with acute myocardial infarction based on the data of Holter ECG monitoring].

Holter monitoring was performed on days 1-2, 6-9 of the disease and on days 30-60 before their discharge from hospital in 54 patients with acute gross myocardial infarction. The presence of cardiac rhythm and conduction disturbances and ischemic ST-segment depression or elevation was evaluated. The patients having frequent and prolonged (more than 3 hours during a 2-day follow-up) showed a complicated course of the disease: recurrent pain syndrome, signs of heart failure, prolonged cardiac arrhythmias, and fatal outcomes.

[Evaluation of ontogenetic changes in the chrono- and inotropic functions of the rat myocardium under a random stimulation regimen].

The relationships between isometric contractions and duration of interstimulus intervals, which were changed randomly, were assessed in myocardial strips of adult (AR) and newborn rats (NR). The highest coefficients of variation of contractions amplitude were seen in AR and lowest those in preparations of 1-3 day of life NR. The "force-interval" autoregression coefficients were estimated in different Ca2+ concentrations, their differences being due, probably, to ontogenetic changes.