Lattice Anisotropy-Driven Reduction of Phonon Velocities in Black Phosphorus.

Phonon dynamics and transport determine how heat is utilized and dissipated in materials. In 2D systems for optoelectronics and thermoelectrics, the impact of nanoscale material structure on phonon propagation is central to controlling thermal conduction. Here, we directly observe in-plane coherent acoustic phonon propagation in black phosphorus (BP) using ultrafast electron microscopy.

Mucoperiosteal and lacrimal sac flap anastomosis with ligating clips in revision dacryocystorhinostomy.

Background: Although endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EDCR) has been performed successfully in primary and revision cases, there has yet to be a consensus on the best surgical approach.

Methods: Excessive granulation, adhesion, and fibrosis, the main causes of unsuccessful EDCR, should be expected more frequently in revision surgery. Anastomosis by ligating the nasal mucoperiosteum and lacrimal sac flaps with clips can minimise the surface of exposed bone, therefore, the possibility of stenosis and failure of the dacryocystorhinostomy.

Lessons learned from a pay-for-performance scheme for appropriate prescribing using electronic health records from general practices in the Netherlands.

Introduction: A nationwide pay-for-performance (P4P) scheme was introduced in the Netherlands between 2018 and 2023 to incentivize appropriate prescribing in general practice. Appropriate prescribing was operationalised as adherence to prescription formularies and measured based on electronic health records (EHR) data. We evaluated this P4P scheme from a learning health systems perspective.

Pediatric crush-related acute kidney injury and risk factors: a single center experience.

Background And Objectives: Crush injury, the most important trauma complication encountered in earthquake victims, occurs as a result of prolonged compression of muscle mass. Crush syndrome, resulting from crush injury, and acute kidney injury (AKI) are the most common causes of in-hospital deaths after earthquakes. The aim of this study is to convey our experience after the devastating Turkey-Syria earthquake and to identify the risk factors of crush syndrome and crush-related AKI.

Inflammatory markers in systemic immune-inflammatory index and inflammatory response index to predict early pregnancy loss.

Objectives: To uncover the predictive value of systemic immune-inflammatory index (SII) and systemic inflammatory response index (SIRI) on early pregnancy loss.

Methods: A total of 535 individuals were enrolled in this retrospective analysis. The early pregnancy losses (EPL) group included patients between 18-35 years old who experienced EPL.

Exploring the effect of the nerve conduction distance on the MScanFit method ofmotor unit number estimation (MUNE).

Objective: MScanFit motor unit number estimation (MUNE) is a sensitive method for detecting motor unit loss and has demonstrated high reproducibility in various settings. In this study, our aim was to assess the outputs of this method when the nerve conduction distance is increased.

Methods: MScanFit recordings were obtained from the abductor digiti minimi muscle of 20 healthy volunteers.

Evaluation of the Malignancy Risk in Nodules Expanding the Thyroid Gland Capsule.

There has been an increase in the diagnosis of thyroid nodules in recent years. In addition to the well-known criteria, features that are likely to increase the risk of malignancy are in the research process. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the malignant potential of nodules that expand the thyroid capsule ultrasonographically.

Nanosecond Structural Dynamics during Electrical Melting of Charge Density Waves in 1T-TaS_{2}.

Electrical control of charge density waves has been of immense interest, as the strong underlying electron-lattice interactions potentially open new, efficient pathways for manipulating their ordering and, consequently, their electronic properties. However, the transition mechanisms are often unclear as electric field, current, carrier injection, heat, and strain can all contribute and play varying roles across length scales and timescales. Here, we provide insight on how electrical stimulation melts the room temperature charge density wave order in 1T-TaS_{2} by visualizing the atomic and mesoscopic structural dynamics from quasi-static to nanosecond pulsed melting.

Impact of 24-week dapagliflozin treatment on body weight, body composition, and cardiac risk indicators of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus.

Background/aim: To reveal the impacts of dapagliflozin, a sodium glucose transporter-2 inhibitor (SGLT-2i), on body weight and body composition, cardiovascular risk indices, and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT).

Materials And Methods: The data of patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who applied to Department of Endocrinology and Metabolic Disorders between September 2019 and 2020, and had started dapagliflozin treatment along with their current medications were recorded retrospectively. Body weights, body compositions measured through bioelectrical impedance, and CIMT with T2DM receiving SGLT-2i treatment and medication were measured at weeks 1, 12, and 24 of 42.

The effect of interleukin-33 expression on prognosis in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Introduction: Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a newly defined inflammatory cytokine that is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene family. This cytokine is expressed in structural cells, such as the vascular endothelium, bronchial epithelial cells, keratinocytes, epithelial cells of the stomach, and fibroblastic reticular cells of lymphoid tissues. Several studies suggest that IL-33 plays a role in head-and-neck cancer.

Within-family associations of parent-adolescent relationship quality and adolescent affective well-being.

Background: Parent-adolescent relationship quality is theorized to be an important correlate of adolescent affective well-being. Little is known about the within-family processes underlying parent-adolescent relationship quality and affective well-being over a period of months. This three-wave, preregistered study examined within- and between-family associations between parent-adolescent relationship quality (support and conflict) and adolescent well-being (negative and positive affect).

Naturally occurring caffeic acid phenethyl ester from chestnut honey-based propolis and virtual screening towards DYRK1A.

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDDs) are disorders with dysfunction and ongoing loss of neurons, glial cells and the neural networks in the brain and spinal cord. DYRK1A protein was reported to modulate to the cytoskeletal fraction in human and mouse brain, and the remaining protein is located in the cytosolic and nuclear fractions. Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a natural derivative of caffeic acid and found in propolis, a bee product.

Patterns of knee osteoarthritis management in general practice: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records.

Objective: This study determined patterns of knee osteoarthritis (OA) management by general practitioners (GPs) using routine healthcare data from Dutch general practices from 2011 to 2019.

Design: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the Integrated Primary Care Information database between 2011 and 2019. Electronic health records (EHRs) of n = 750 randomly selected knee OA patients (with either codified or narrative diagnosis) were reviewed against eligibility criteria and n = 503 patients were included.

Ultrafast Nanoimaging of Spin-Mediated Shear Waves in an Acoustic Cavity.

Strong spin-lattice coupling in van der Waals (vdW) magnets shows potential for innovative magneto-mechanical applications. Here, nanoscale and picosecond imaging by ultrafast electron microscopy reveal heterogeneous spin-mediated coherent acoustic phonon dynamics in a thin-film cavity of the vdW antiferromagnet FePS. The harmonics of the interlayer shear acoustic modes are observed, in which the even and odd harmonics exhibit distinct nanoscopic dynamics.

Comparison of tympanometric volume measurement with temporal bone CT findings in the assessment of mastoid bone pneumatization in chronic otitis media patients.

Objective: Since mastoid bone aeration is a pressure buffer for the middle ear, it can be accepted as a prognostic factor for tympanoplasty. Temporal bone computed tomography (TBCT) is a primary method for estimating mastoid aeration. However, due to the risk of radiation and its high cost, there is a need for a more straightforward, faster, and more reliable method in non-complicated chronic otitis media cases (COM).

Surface premelting of ice far below the triple point.

Premelting of ice, a quasi-liquid layer (QLL) at the surface below the melting temperature, was first postulated by Michael Faraday 160 y ago. Since then, it has been extensively studied theoretically and experimentally through many techniques. Existing work has been performed predominantly on hexagonal ice, at conditions close to the triple point.

The Application of Electromagnetic Fields in Cancer.

The use of nonionizing electromagnetic fields (EMFs) has attracted interest in cancer research during the past few decades due to its noninvasive therapeutic successes in the treatment of cancer. Some epidemiological studies suggest that there may be a link between exposure to EMF and developing malignancies (such as leukemia and gliomas) or neurodegenerative diseases since EMF has a variety of biological effects such as altering reactive oxygen species (ROS)-regulated pathways. EMF exposure, however, has the potential to cause cancer cells to undergo a period of regulated cell death.

The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Urgent Awake Tracheotomies in Adults.

Objective This study aims to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on urgent awake tracheotomies (UATs) in adults in a reference center. Methodology During the pandemic (between March 2020 and May 2022) and before the pandemic (between January 2018 and March 2020), medical charts of patients who underwent UATs were reviewed. The analysis focused on demographic characteristics, indications, COVID-19 positivity status, surgical procedures, and complications.

OCT-A evaluation of the retinal and choroidal structures of patients with a history of radiotherapy due to nasopharyngeal carcinoma.

Background: To perform the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) evaluation of the microvascular structures of the retina and choroidal tissue in asymptomatic patients who received radiotherapy for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and to compare the results to those of healthy individuals.

Methods: Ophthalmological examinations were performed in all asymptomatic patients without vascular or systemic diseases, or fundus findings who had received radiotherapy at least two years earlier. Then, OCT-A scans were obtained.

Natural PAK1 inhibitors: potent anti-inflammatory effectors for prevention of pulmonary fibrosis in COVID-19 therapy.

One of the main efforts of scientists to study drug development is the discovery of novel antiviral agents that could be beneficial in the struggle against viruses that cause diseases in humans. Natural products are complex metabolites that are designed and synthesised by different sources in an attempt to optimise nature. Recently, natural products are still a source of biologically active molecules, facilitating drug discovery.

Spin-mediated shear oscillators in a van der Waals antiferromagnet.

Understanding how microscopic spin configuration gives rise to exotic properties at the macroscopic length scale has long been pursued in magnetic materials. One seminal example is the Einstein-de Haas effect in ferromagnets, in which angular momentum of spins can be converted into mechanical rotation of an entire object. However, for antiferromagnets without net magnetic moment, how spin ordering couples to macroscopic movement remains elusive.

Imaging Characteristics Predictive of Cervical Extranodal Tumor Extension in Patients With Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Objectives: The aims of the study were to determine the predictive imaging findings of extranodal extension (ENE) in metastatic cervical lymph nodes of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma and to investigate the interobserver agreement among radiologists with different experience levels.

Materials And Methods: Patients with cervical lymph node dissection and who had metastatic lymph nodes and preoperative imaging were included. Three radiologists evaluated nodal necrosis, irregular contour, gross invasion, and perinodal fat stranding.