Impact of -tending (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) on biological parameters of (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).

One of the key reasons for the poor performance of natural enemies of honeydew-producing insect pests is mutualism between ants and some aphid species. The findings demonstrated that red wood ant, Linnaeus (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) had a deleterious impact on different biological parameters of the lady beetle, Goeze (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). laid far fewer eggs in ant-tended aphid colonies, laying nearly 2.