Hyaluronic Acid Filler Longevity in the Mid-face: A Review of 33 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Studies.

Background: Recent evidence challenges the conventional belief that hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers have a short lifespan of 3-12 months. This study, using extensive patient data and long-term imaging post-injection, suggests a need to reconsider refilling protocols and underscores the critical role of precise clinical photography for accurate comparisons.

Methods: The study enrolled 33 patients who received HA fillers in the mid-face, excluding those with recent injections, permanent fillers, or specific medical histories.

Intramuscular pathway and fascicular characteristics of the segmental intercostal innervation to rectus abdominis.

Background: Rectus abdominis is a muscle that is commonly used clinically as a muscle flap, especially in reconstructive surgery. Its intramuscular innervation, however, has rarely been examined in detail or accurately mapped. The purpose of this study was to use biopsied, histological specimens complemented with a staining technique to investigate intramuscular nerve connections and distribution of the rectus abdominis.

Reconstructive options for large back free flap donor sites.

Background: Reconstruction of posterior thoracic and trunk defects can prove challenging even to the most seasoned surgeons. Many commonly used techniques for closing back defects include primary closure and split skin grafts. Often times, however, other techniques are needed in order to give the patient the best aesthetic and functional outcome.