Development of Airway Hemorrhage Simulation Scenarios With Pilot of an Airway Team Leader Assessment Tool.

Introduction: Airway hemorrhage requires rapid treatment to prevent adverse patient outcomes. Simulation education programs are challenged to recreate learning environments with adequate fidelity for team management of airway hemorrhage.

Methods: We developed Airway Hemorrhage Simulation Scenarios consisting of low-cost partial-task simulators to mimic airway hemorrhage (nasopharyngeal, oropharyngeal, expanding neck hematoma) and multiple methods to assess team leader performance in emergent airway management [Airway Team Leader Assessment Tool (ATLAT), Airway Checklist Performance, and Global Performance Rating].