Unexpected multiple sclerosis-like symptoms in a rheumatoid arthritis patient treated with Etanercept: A case report.

Key Clinical Massage: Although tumor necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors are used to prevent autoimmune disease, but they can cause adverse effects. Multiple sclerosis syndrome is one of the rare complications following treatment with TNF inhibitor. We reported a case of rheumatoid arthritis with unfavorable outcome post Etanerecept therapy.

Optimizing Acute Ischemic Stroke Outcomes: The Role of Tenecteplase Before Mechanical Thrombectomy.

Purpose: Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) is a life-threatening condition demanding prompt reperfusion to salvage brain tissue. Thrombolytic drugs, like tenecteplase (TNK), offer clot dissolution, but time constraints and contraindications limit their use. Mechanical thrombectomy (MT) revolutionized AIS treatment, especially for large vessel occlusions (LVO).

Clinical, Immunological, and Genetic Features in Patients with NFKB1 and NFKB2 Mutations: a Systematic Review.

Background: Inborn errors of immunity (IEIs) encompass various diseases with diverse clinical and immunological symptoms. Determining the genotype-phenotype of different variants in IEI entity precisely is challenging, as manifestations can be heterogeneous even in patients with the same mutated gene.

Objective: In the present study, we conducted a systematic review of patients recorded with NFKB1 and NFKB2 mutations, two of the most frequent monogenic IEIs.

Unraveling Dysregulated Cell Signaling Pathways, Genetic and Epigenetic Mysteries of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent and burdensome neurodegenerative disorder that has been extensively researched to understand its complex etiology, diagnosis, and treatment. The interplay between genetic and environmental factors in PD makes its pathophysiology difficult to comprehend, emphasizing the need for further investigation into genetic and epigenetic markers involved in the disease. Early diagnosis is crucial for optimal management of the disease, and the development of novel diagnostic biomarkers is ongoing.

Safety and efficacy of levetiracetam and carbamazepine monotherapy in the management of pediatric focal epilepsy: a randomized clinical trial.

Due to the limited number of studies in children with focal epilepsy and the importance of choosing the most suitable drug to control seizures in children, the administration of the most effective medication with the most negligible adverse events is vital. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness and adverse events of carbamazepine vs. levetiracetam monotherapy in children with focal seizures.

DNA Methylation in Cancer: Epigenetic View of Dietary and Lifestyle Factors.

Background: Alterations in DNA methylation play an important role in cancer development and progression. Dietary nutrients and lifestyle behaviors can influence DNA methylation patterns and thereby modulate cancer risk.

Introduction: To comprehensively review available evidence on how dietary and lifestyle factors impact DNA methylation and contribute to carcinogenesis through epigenetic mechanisms.

Neurological Involvements in COVID-19: A hospital-based study.

Objectives: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic is the most challenging crisis in the contemporary world. Besides severe pulmonary involvement, the disease also has several extrapulmonary manifestations, and new signs and symptoms are associated with it every dayThe present study aimed to inquire about the frequency of neurological manifestations and risk factors of COVID-19.

Materials & Methods: This retrospective, descriptive study included patients with neurological involvement admitted to the Alborz University of Medical Sciences academic hospitals from March 2020 to July 2020 with confirmed COVID-19 infection.

The role of neurotransmitters in glioblastoma multiforme-associated seizures.

GBM, or glioblastoma multiforme, is a brain tumor that poses a great threat to both children and adults, being the primary cause of death related to brain tumors. GBM is often associated with epilepsy, which can be debilitating. Seizures and the development of epilepsy are the primary symptoms that have a severe impact on the quality of life for GBM patients.

Efficacy of fibroblast transplantation in the healing of cutaneous leishmaniasis scar: A case report.

Autologous fibroblast transplantation has been proven to be a promising method in wound healing with no side effects. This is the first study aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of autologous fibroblast cell injection to the atrophic scar caused by cutaneous leishmaniasis as an endemic disease in many middle-eastern countries. It causes chronic skin lesions and permanently disfiguring scars.

Bone mineral density status in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis.

Background: Osteoporosis is a sizable comorbidity complication in Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) sufferers. In the current study, the prevalence of osteopenia and osteoporosis in active RA sufferers and the association of disease-related factors of osteoporosis and reduced bone mineral density (BMD) have been examined.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 300 new-onset symptoms (less than one year) RA patients without a history of glucocorticoids or DMARDs were selected.

Salivary levels of disease-related biomarkers in the early stages of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease: .

Introduction: Finding a non-invasive and repeatable tool has been recommended to make an accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD).

Methods: 70 volunteers participated in three groups: 24 with mild dementia of AD, 24 in the first and second stages of PD, and 22 healthy controls. After valuing the scores of cognitive tests, the salivary levels of phosphorylated tau (p-tau), total alpha-synuclein (α-syn), and beta-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ)‏‎ proteins have been evaluated.

Masitinib: The promising actor in the next season of the Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis treatment series.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease with high mortality and morbidity rate affecting both upper and lower motor neurons (MN). Muscle force reduction, behavioral change, pseudobulbar affect, and cognitive impairments are the most common clinical manifestations of ALS. The main physiopathology of ALS is still unclear, though several studies have identified that oxidative stress, proteinopathies, glutamate-related excitotoxicity, microglial activation, and neuroinflammation may be involved in the pathogenesis of ALS.

Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis following intracerebral hemorrhage after COVID-19 AstraZeneca vaccination: A case report.

The patient was a 55-year-old female patient who presented with sudden onset of left hemiplegia, facial hemiparesis, and hypoesthesia. She has received her first dose of the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine. This case indicates that vaccination may raise the hypercoagulable state even in a condition of post-ICH and anticoagulant prophylaxis.

Fistulectomy and primary sphincteroplasty in complex anal fistula treatment: a hospital-based long-term follow-up study.

Background: Currently, there is no agreement on the best treatment for complex anal fistulas with the least recurrence and lowest complication rate. The aim of this study was to evaluate the long-term recurrence and incontinence after fistulectomy and primary sphincteroplasty (FIPS) in a group of patients with complex perianal fistula.

Methods: This prospective observational study was done at the colorectal ward of Taleghani Hospital of Tehran from January 2010 to December 2020.

IgG4-related disease associated with the primary manifestation of recurrent cerebral venous thrombosis: A rare case report.

Nervous system involvement in IgG4-related systemic disease (IgG4-RD) is rarely reported and manifests as hypertrophic pachymeningitis and hypophysitis. In this report, a 33-year-old woman with neurological manifestations was diagnosed with IgG4-RD by biopsy. The patient showed improvement in symptoms after treatment.

Heart Failure Status among Acute Ischemic Stroke Patients: A Hospital-Based Study.

Background: Since heart failure (HF) and ischemic stroke have common risk factors, their concurrent occurrence is likely. Strokes in HF patients could be life-threatening and lead to severe disabilities, longer hospitalization time, and mortality. The present study aims to investigate the prevalence of HF and its severity based on ejection fraction (EF) in patients with acute ischemic stroke.

Modulation of autophagy by melatonin via sirtuins in stroke: From mechanisms to therapies.

Sirtuins perform an important effect on the neural cell fate following stroke. Several mechanisms that have been correlated with stroke are oxidative stress, apoptosis, necrosis and autophagy. Autophagy is usually regarded as unitary of the neural cell survival mechanisms.

Acute polyneuropathy as the main manifestation of primary Sjogren's syndrome: A case report.

Sjogren's syndrome is an inflammatory disease affecting many systems. We report a Sjogren case with the presenting feature of an acute motor-predominant polyneuropathy resembling Guillain-Barre syndrome. Upon further investigation, it was found that the patient had sicca symptoms for months.

Multiple Complex Complications After Redo Bariatric Surgery (Infrequent Complication: Fistula Between the Splenic Artery and the Remnant of the Stomach): A Case Report.

With the epidemic prevalence of obesity in today's society, bariatric surgery has become very popular in treating severe obesity. Although the complications of this surgery have decreased with the advancement of medicine and post-treatment care, there are still complications that can lead to death if neglected. In this case report, we present a 44-year-old patient who underwent redo bariatric surgery.

Giant cell arteritis with rare manifestations of stroke and internal carotid artery dissection: A case study.

Giant cell arthritis is a systemic vasculitis. A 51-year-old man was presented with sudden onset of right-side blurred vision, frozen movements, and ptosis in the right eye and left side paresis. The diagnosis of GCA with first manifestations of stroke and carotid dissection may be neglected as an underlying cause.

Intentional Ingestion of a Metallic Wire Causing Perforation and Retroperitoneal Abscess: A Case Report.

Foreign body ingestion is a frequent condition, with the majority of foreign bodies (FBs) tending to spontaneously proceed along the gastrointestinal tract without any major complications. A wide range of procedures are available to remove FBs; however, a real challenge exists in managing sharp, rigid, and long foreign objects, which are related to higher rates of complications. A 34-year-old man who intentionally swallowed a metallic wire of 20 cm length, presented to our ED with abdominal pain 2 weeks after the ingestion.

Paratubal endosalpingiosis: a case report.

Introduction: Endosalpingiosis is a rare condition and its pathogenesis and clinical significance are not fully understood. The unfamiliar presentation of this disease can misguide health care professionals. The reports available on this matter describe it as a disease of older age.