Publications by authors named "Arsen Mamakhanyan"

A vexing problem in mitochondrial medicine is our limited capacity to evaluate the extent of brain disease in vivo. This limitation has hindered our understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the imaging phenotype in the brain of patients with mitochondrial diseases and our capacity to identify new biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Using comprehensive imaging, we analyzed the metabolic network that drives the brain structural and metabolic features of a mouse model of pyruvate dehydrogenase deficiency (PDHD).

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Glutamine is consumed by rapidly proliferating cells and can provide the carbon and nitrogen required for growth through various metabolic pathways. However, delineating the metabolic fate of glutamine is challenging to interrogate in vivo. Hyperpolarized magnetic resonance, by providing high transient nuclear magnetic resonance signals, provides an approach to measure fast biochemical processes in vivo.

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The ability to break down fructose is dependent on ketohexokinase (KHK) that phosphorylates fructose to fructose-1-phosphate (F1P). We show that KHK expression is tightly controlled and limited to a small number of organs and is down-regulated in liver and intestinal cancer cells. Loss of fructose metabolism is also apparent in hepatocellular adenoma and carcinoma (HCC) patient samples.

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Purpose: To generate dynamic, volumetric maps of hyperpolarized [1- C]pyruvate and its metabolic products in vivo.

Methods: Maps of chemical species were generated with iterative least squares (IDEAL) reconstruction from multiecho echo-planar imaging (EPI) of phantoms of thermally polarized C-labeled chemicals and mice injected with hyperpolarized [1- C]pyruvate on a preclinical 3T scanner. The quality of the IDEAL decomposition of single-shot and multishot phantom images was evaluated using quantitative results from a simple pulse-and-acquire sequence as the gold standard.

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