Cervical Necrotizing Fasciitis Caused by Dental Extraction.

Cervical necrotizing fasciitis is an unusual infection characterized by necrosis of the subcutaneous tissue and fascial layers. Risk factors for the development of necrotizing fasciitis include diabetes mellitus, chronic renal disease, peripheral vascular disease, malnutrition, advanced age, obesity, alcohol abuse, intravenous drug use, surgery, and ischemic ulcers. This report presents a case of necrotizing fasciitis in the cervical area caused by dental extraction in a 73-year-old woman.

Primary Mixed Glandular-endocrine Tumor of the Male Proximal Urethra: A Case Report.

Primary urethral carcinoma is much more common in women than in men due to its association with urethritis. A 65-year-old man presented with a 10-month history of penile induration, obstructive voiding symptoms and hematuria. Urethrocystoscopy showed a solitary mass in the proximal urethra and no bladder involvement.

[Trends in hospitalization for primary care-sensitive conditions and associated factors in Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil].

An ecological study was conducted to analyze trends in hospitalization for primary care-sensitive conditions linking the results to the investments in health and coverage of the Family Health Strategy in Porto Alegre, between 1998 and 2012. The causes of hospitalization for primary care-sensitive conditions were based on the national list provided by the Ministry of Health. The data were obtained from the Hospital Information System of the Unified Health System (SUS).

Mode of Delivery Determines Neonatal Pharyngeal Bacterial Composition and Early Intestinal Colonization.

Objectives: Bacterial colonization and succession of the human intestine shape development of immune function and risk for allergic disease, yet these processes remain poorly understood. We investigated the relations between delivery mode, initial bacterial inoculation of the infant oropharynx (OP), and intestinal colonization.

Methods: We prospectively collected maternal rectal and vaginal swabs, infant OP aspirates, and infant stool from 23 healthy mother/infant pairs delivering by cesarean (CS) or vaginal delivery (VD) in an academic hospital.

Analysis of Dental Enamel Surface Submitted to Fruit Juice Plus Soymilk by Micro X-Ray Fluorescence: In Vitro Study.

Objective: This paper aimed to analyze the in vitro industrialized fruit juices effect plus soy to establish the erosive potential of these solutions.

Materials And Methods: Seventy bovine incisors were selected after being evaluated under stereomicroscope. Their crowns were prepared and randomly divided into 7 groups, using microhardness with allocation criteria.

Modeling cyclic variations in sustained human performance as measured by reaction time and the flash visual evoked potential-P2.

Recent research suggests that sustained attention is punctuated by periodic lapses that produce cyclic variations in sustained human performance. Research conducted by our laboratory (Arruda, Zhang, Amoss, Coburn, & Aue, 2009) and by the laboratories of others (Aue, Arruda, Kass, & Stanny, 2009; Smith, Valentino, & Arruda, 2003) suggests that sustained human performance cycles approximately every 1.5 and 5.

Incidental Diagnosis of Nonfunctional Bladder Paraganglioma.

Nonfunctional bladder paragangliomas may present clinical, radiology and pathological features similar to bladder cancer, so knowledge of this generally benign neuroendocrine neoplasm is of great importance to avoid misdiagnosis. We present the case of a patient with no clinical symptoms of paraganglioma and with radiological and cystoscopy examination results suggestive of urothelial carcinoma but with pathological diagnosis of paraganglioma.

Penile Replantation After Five Hours of Warm Ischemia.

Although a rare occurrence, this event may occur as a result of self-mutilation among individuals with psychiatric disturbances or due to work-related accidents, iatrogenic injuries or the actions of individuals motivated by jealously, rage and feelings of betrayal. In western societies, most penile amputations are the result of self-aggression during a psychotic episode, the treatment of victims involves resuscitation, stabilization and immediate psychiatric support. The amputated tissue must be preserved under hypothermic conditions.

Age-related differences in recall for words using semantics and prosody.

The positivity effect is a developmental shift seen in older adults to be increasingly influenced by positive information in areas such as memory, attention, and decision-making. This study is the first to examine the age-related differences of the positivity effect for emotional prosody. Participants heard a factorial combination of words that were semantically positive or negative said with either positive or negative intonation.

In Diabetic Kidney Disease Urinary Exosomes Better Represent Kidney Specific Protein Alterations Than Whole Urine.

Background: Predicting or diagnosing underlying kidney disease by analyzing whole urine remains the mainstay of nephrology practice. However, whole urine is a poor compartment to assess many structural changes in the kidney because whole urine contains only a few proteins derived from the kidney itself. Urinary exosomes, on the other hand, which are derived from the kidney, contain proteins secreted by the kidney.

Great Ears: Low-Frequency Sensitivity Correlates in Land and Marine Leviathans.

Like elephants, baleen whales produce low-frequency (LF) and even infrasonic (IF) signals, suggesting they may be particularly susceptible to underwater anthropogenic sound impacts. Analyses of computerized tomography scans and histologies of the ears in five baleen whale and two elephant species revealed that LF thresholds correlate with basilar membrane thickness/width and cochlear radii ratios. These factors are consistent with high-mass, low-stiffness membranes and broad spiral curvatures, suggesting that Mysticeti and Proboscidea evolved common inner ear adaptations over similar time scales for processing IF/LF sounds despite operating in different media.

Spondylectomy for Giant Cell Tumor After Denosumab Therapy.

Study Design: A case report.

Objective: To report a case of the lumbar giant cell tumor (GCT) utilizing a new clinical treatment modality (denosumab therapy), which showed a massive tumor reduction combined with the L4 spondylectomy.

Summary Of Background Data: There are some controversies about spinal GCT treatments.

Autologous tissue patch rich in stem cells created in the subcutaneous tissue.

Aim: To investigate whether we could create natural autologous tissue patches in the subcutaneous space for organ repair.

Methods: We implanted the following three types of inert foreign bodies in the subcutaneous tissue of rats to produce autologous tissue patches of different geometries: (1) a large-sized polyvinyl tube (L = 25 mm, internal diameter = 7 mm) sealed at both ends by heat application for obtaining a large flat piece of tissue patch for organ repair; (2) a fine polyvinyl tubing (L = 25 mm, internal diameter = 3 mm) for creating cylindrically shaped grafts for vascular or nerve repair; and (3) a slurry of polydextran particle gel for inducing a bladder-like tissue. Implantation of inert materials was carried out by making a small incision on one or either side of the thoracic-lumbar region of rats.

Genetic variants and cell-free hemoglobin processing in sickle cell nephropathy.

Intravascular hemolysis and hemoglobinuria are associated with sickle cell nephropathy. ApoL1 is involved in cell-free hemoglobin scavenging through association with haptoglobin-related protein. APOL1 G1/G2 variants are the strongest genetic predictors of kidney disease in the general African-American population.

Rationale and design of a patient-centered medical home intervention for patients with end-stage renal disease on hemodialysis.

In the U.S., more than 400,000 individuals with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) require hemodialysis (HD) for renal replacement therapy.

Cytokines release and oxidative status in semen samples from rabbits treated with bacterial lipopolysaccharide.

This study was aimed to evaluate the effects of a lipopolysaccharide- (LPS) induced inflammation on cytokines release and oxidative status of semen samples from buck rabbits at different times after treatment. Semen analysis was performed by optical microscopy and sperm motility evaluation by the computer-assisted sperm analyzer. The presence of activated macrophages and apoptotic/necrotic sperm was evaluated by fluorescent microscopy.

Very late outcomes of drug-eluting stents coated with biodegradable polymers: insights from the 5-year follow-up of the randomized PAINT trial.

Background: Few studies have examined the very long-term outcomes after implantation of drug-eluting stents (DES) coated with biodegradable polymers (BP). This report presents the 5-year clinical follow-up of patients treated with BP-DES in the randomized PAINT trial.

Methods: The PAINT study is a prospective, multicenter randomized controlled trial that allocated 274 patients for treatment with two BP-DES formulations [paclitaxel-eluting stents (PES) or sirolimus-eluting stents (SES)] or bare metal stents (BMS) in a 1:2:2 ratio, respectively.

Computerized tomography of the otic capsule and otoliths in the oyster toadfish, Opsanus tau.

The neurocranium of the toadfish (Opsanus tau) exhibits a distinct translucent region in the otic capsule (OC) that may have functional significance for the auditory pathway. This study used ultrahigh resolution computerized tomography (100 µm voxels) to compare the relative density of three sites along the OC (dorsolateral, midlateral, and ventromedial) and two reference sites (dorsal: supraoccipital crest; ventral: parasphenoid bone) in the neurocranium. Higher attenuation occurs where structural density is greater; thus, we compared the X-ray attenuations measured, which provided a measure of relative density.

[Sexual function in women undergoing assisted reproduction.].

Purpose: To evaluate sexual function in women undergoing assisted reproductive techniques.

Methods: This is a case-control study including 278 women assisted in Human Reproduction services and at the Gynecology Clinic of the University Hospital, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil. The women were divided into a study group (168 infertile women) and a control group (110 fertile women), and they answered the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) questionnaire used the assess the sexual function.

Familial mixed nephrocalcinosis as a cause of chronic kidney failure: two case reports.

Introduction: Nephrocalcinosis consists of the deposition of calcium salts in the renal parenchyma and is considered the mixed form when it involves the renal cortex and medulla. The main etiological agents of this condition are primary hyperparathyroidism, renal tubular acidosis, medullary sponge kidney, hyperoxaluria and taking certain drugs. These factors can lead to hypercalcemia and/or hypercalciuria, which can give rise to nephrocalcinosis.

[Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection: factors associated with infertility in women treated at a human reproduction public service].

Purpose: To evaluate the prevalence of Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae in women undergoing assisted reproduction in a public reference service in the midwestern region of Brazil.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 340 women aged from 20 to 47 years with a history of infertility, undergoing assisted reproduction techniques. Infections with Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae identified in urine specimens by PCR, and the profile of infertility were analyzed.

Using visual evoked potentials for the early detection of amnestic mild cognitive impairment: a pilot investigation.

Objective: Amnesic mild cognitive impairment (MCIa) is often characterized as an early stage of Alzheimer's dementia (AD). The latency of the P2, an electroencephalographic component of the flash visual evoked potential (FVEP), is significantly longer in those with AD or MCIa when compared with controls. The present investigation examined the diagnostic accuracy of several FVEP-P2 procedures in distinguishing people with MCIa and controls.

Activated omentum slows progression of CKD.

Stem cells show promise in the treatment of AKI but do not survive long term after injection. However, organ repair has been achieved by extending and attaching the omentum, a fatty tissue lying above the stomach containing stem cells, to various organs. To examine whether fusing the omentum to a subtotally nephrectomized kidney could slow the progression of CKD, we used two groups of rats: an experimental group undergoing 5/6 nephrectomy only and a control group undergoing 5/6 nephrectomy and complete omentectomy.

Effect of hemodialysis on intraocular pressure and ocular perfusion pressure.

Importance: Elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) and decreased ocular perfusion pressure (OPP) are risk factors for glaucoma development and progression. Unrecognized significant IOP elevation or OPP reduction during hemodialysis (HD) could lead to glaucomatous optic nerve damage and subsequent visual loss.

Objective: To evaluate changes in IOP and OPP during HD.