Role of Complement-dependent Cytotoxicity Crossmatch and HLA Typing in Solid Organ Transplant.

Background: Solid organ transplantation is a life-saving medical operation that has progressed greatly because of developments in diagnostic tools and histocompatibility tests. Crossmatching for complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing are two important methods for checking graft compatibility and reducing the risk of graft rejection. HLA typing and CDC crossmatching are critical in kidney, heart, lung, liver, pancreas, intestine, and multi-organ transplantation.

Comparison of INSAT-3D retrieved total column ozone with ground-based and AIRS observations over India.

Ozone plays an important role in the thermal structure and chemical composition of the atmosphere. The present study compares the temporal and spatial distributions of Total Column Ozone (TCO) over the Indian sub-continent retrieved from a geostationary Indian National Satellite (INSAT-3D) and Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS). The INSAT-3D TCO values are also evaluated against the Dobson spectrophotometer observations at two locations.

Propagation of cloud base to higher levels during Covid-19-Lockdown.

Aerosol-cloud interactions and feedbacks play an important role in modulating cloud development, microphysical and optical properties thus enhancing or reducing precipitation over polluted/pristine regions. The lockdown enforced on account of Covid-19 pandemic is a unique opportunity to verify the influence of drastic reduction in aerosols on cloud development and its vertical distribution embedded in identical synoptic conditions. Cloud bases measured by ceilometer in Delhi, the capital of India, are observed to propagate from low level to higher levels as the lockdown progresses.

A Diffuse Interface Model with Immiscibility Preservation.

A new, simple, and computationally efficient interface capturing scheme based on a diffuse interface approach is presented for simulation of compressible multiphase flows. Multi-fluid interfaces are represented using field variables (interface functions) with associated transport equations that are augmented, with respect to an established formulation, to enforce a selected interface thickness. The resulting interface region can be set just thick enough to be resolved by the underlying mesh and numerical method, yet thin enough to provide an efficient model for dynamics of well-resolved scales.