Photostable Mn(II) Complex of Curcumin for Effective Photodynamic Therapy and Precise Three-Dimensional Tumor Imaging.

Photoactive complexes of first-row transition metals with emission properties offer a dual approach to cancer treatment, enabling precise optical tumor detection and subsequent eradication using light. We report a photostable and photoactive mixed-ligand Mn(II) complex, , featuring a naturally occurring curcumin ligand and dipyridophenazine base. demonstrates significant visible and red light-triggered phototoxicity against cancer cells and precise tumor imaging capability .

Red and NIR light-triggered enhancement of anticancer and antibacterial activities of dinuclear Co(II)-catecholate complexes.

Photoactive complexes of bioessential 3d metals, activable within the phototherapeutic window (650-900 nm), have gained widespread interest due to their therapeutic potential. Herein, we report the synthesis, characterization, and light-enhanced anticancer and antibacterial properties of four new dinuclear Co(II) complexes: [Co(phen)(cat)] (Co-1), [Co(dppz)(cat)] (Co-2), [Co(phen)(esc)] (Co-3), and [Co(dppz)(esc)] (Co-4). In these complexes, phen (1,10-phenanthroline) and dppz (dipyrido[3,2-:2',3'-]phenazine) act as neutral N,N-donor ligands, while cat and esc serve as O,O-donor catecholate ligands derived from catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) and esculetin (6,7-dihydroxy coumarin).

Electronic States of Single Perovskite Quantum Dots in Weak and Strong Interaction Regimes: Implications in Electrically Pumped Quantum Emitters.

We investigate the effect of Coulomb interactions on the electronic states of a single perovskite quantum dot (PQD), CsPbBr, through scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S). Under a weak interaction regime, where the time-averaged occupation of electrons in a PQD remains zero, the peaks observed in the differential tunneling conductance (d/d) spectrum correspond to the single-particle density of states (DOS) without any electron-electron correlation. However, with a shorter tunnel distance between the STM tip and PQD, additional electrons are trapped in the QD, leading to a strong interaction regime with well-defined electronic fine structures due to the lifting of spin degeneracy in the conduction bands.

Biotin-Pt(IV)-Ru(II)-Boron-Dipyrromethene Prodrug as "Platin Bullet" for Targeted Chemo- and Photodynamic Therapy.

Using the principle of "Magic Bullet", a cisplatin-derived platinum(IV) prodrug heterobimetallic complex, -[Pt(NH)Cl{Ru(tpy-BODIPY)(tpy-COO)}(biotin)]Cl (, ), having two axial ligands, namely, biotin as water-soluble B-vitamin for enhanced cellular uptake and a BODIPY-ruthenium(II) (, ) photosensitizer having ,,-donor tpy (4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine) bonded to boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY), is developed as a "Platin Bullet" for targeted photodynamic therapy (PDT). exhibited intense absorption near 500 nm and emission near 513 nm (λ = 488 nm) in a 10% dimethyl sulfoxide-Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline medium (pH 7.2).

Cancer phototherapy by CO releasing terpyridine-based Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes ROS generation and NADH oxidation.

Here, we have synthesized and characterized three visible light responsive terpyridine based-Re(I)-tricarbonyl complexes; [Re(CO)(ph-tpy)Cl] (Retp1), [Re(CO)(an-tpy)Cl] (Retp2), and [Re(CO)(py-tpy)Cl] (Retp3) where ph-tpy = 4'-phenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine; an-tpy = 4'-anthracenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine, py-tpy = 4'-pyrenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine. The structures of Retp1 and Retp2 were confirmed from the SC-XRD data, indicating distorted octahedral structures. Unlike traditional PDT agents, these complexes generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) type I and type II pathways and oxidized redox crucial NADH (reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) upon visible light exposure.

Fluorinated High-Valent Sn(IV) Porphyrins Show Remarkable Photodynamic Activity in Cancer Cells.

In recent years, Sn(IV) porphyrins have proven to be excellent choice as photosensitizers for photodynamic therapy. This work reports the synthesis, characterization and photodynamic activity of four high-valent fluorinated Sn(IV) porphyrins having different numbers of F-atoms in the peripheral of meso-phenyl groups viz. (Dichloro)meso-tetrakis(4-fluorophenylporphyrinato)stannic(IV), [Sn(IV)FTPP(Cl)] or Sn1; (Dichloro)meso-tetrakis(2,4-difluorophenylporphyrinato)stannic(IV), [Sn(IV)2,4-FTPP(Cl)] or Sn2; (Dichloro)meso-tetrakis(2,6-difluorophenylporphyrinato)stannic(IV), [Sn(IV)2,6-FTPP(Cl)] or Sn3 and (Dichloro)meso-tetrakis(4-trifluoromethylphenylporphyrinato)stannic(IV), [Sn(IV)CFTPP(Cl)] or Sn4.

Photoactivated Anticancer Activity of Cobalt(III) Complexes with Naturally Occurring Flavonoids Chrysin and Silibinin.

Photoactive metal complexes of bioessential transition metal ions with natural chelators are gaining interest as photocytotoxic agents for cancer photodynamic therapy (PDT). We report six new cobalt(III) complexes with a mixed-ligand formulation [Co(B)(L)](ClO) (Co1-Co6), where B represents a N,N-donor α-diimine ligand, namely, phenanthroline (phen; Co1, Co2), dipyrido[3,2-d:2',3'-f]quinoxaline (dpq; Co3, Co4), and dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (dppz; Co5, Co6), and L is the monoanionic form of the naturally occurring flavonoids chrysin (chry; Co1, Co3, Co5) and silibinin (sili; Co2, Co4, Co6). Complexes displayed a d-d absorption band within 500-700 nm and exhibited excellent dark and photostability in solution.

Targeted Chemo-Phototherapy in Red Light with Novel Doxorubicin and Iron(III) Complex-Functionalized Gold Nanoconjugate (Dox-Fe@FA-AuNPs).

The anticancer efficacy of doxorubicin, an anthracycline-based and FDA-approved chemotherapeutic drug, is significantly hindered by acquired chemoresistance and severe side effects despite its potent anticancer properties. To overcome these challenges, we developed an innovative therapeutic formulation that integrates targeted chemotherapy and phototherapy within a single platform using gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). This novel nanoconjugate, designated as Dox-Fe@FA-AuNPs, is co-functionalized with folic acid, doxorubicin, and an iron(III)-phenolate/carboxylate complex, enabling cancer-specific drug activation.

Visible and Red Light-Triggered Anticancer Profile of a Ferrocene-Re(I)-Tricarbonyl Conjugate: Experimental and Theoretical Studies.

We have red-shifted the light absorbance property of a Re(I)-tricarbonyl complex via distant conjugation of a ferrocene moiety and developed a novel complex , [Re(Fctp)(CO)Cl], where Fctp = 4'-ferrocenyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine. showed green to red light absorption ability and blue emission, indicating its potential for photodynamic therapy (PDT) application. The conjugation of ferrocene introduced ferrocene-based transitions, which lie at a higher wavelength within the PDT therapeutic window.

Does an intrinsic strain contribute to the effect of quantum confinement phenomenon? An alloyed transition metal dichalcogenide series, Mo(SSe) as a case study.

It is well known that the bandgap of 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) in the quantum confinement regime increases with a decrease in the number of layers. In this work, we show the effect of lattice strain on the dependence of the gap. We have designed an ideal system in the form of common-cationic alloyed-TMDs, Mo(SSe), for such studies.

Green Light-Triggered Photocatalytic Anticancer Activity of Terpyridine-Based Ru(II) Photocatalysts.

The relentless increase in drug resistance of platinum-based chemotherapeutics has opened the scope for other new cancer therapies with novel mechanisms of action (MoA). Recently, photocatalytic cancer therapy, an intrusive catalytic treatment, is receiving significant interest due to its multitargeting cell death mechanism with high selectivity. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of three photoresponsive Ru(II) complexes, viz.

Cu(II) flavonoids as potential photochemotherapeutic agents.

Flavonoids, naturally derived polyphenolic compounds, have received significant attention due to their remarkable biochemical properties that offer substantial health benefits to humans. In this work, a series of six Cu(II) flavonoid complexes of the formulation [Cu(L)(L)](ClO) where L is 3-hydroxy flavone (HF, 1 and 4), 4-fluoro-3-hydroxy flavone (HF, 2 and 5), and 2,6-difluoro-3-hydroxy flavone (HF, 3 and 6); L is 1,10-phenanthroline (phen, 1-3) and 2-(anthracen-1-yl)-1-imidazo[4,5-][1,10]phenanthroline (aip, 4-6) were successfully synthesized, fully characterized and also evaluated for their photo-triggered cytotoxicity in cancer cells. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction structure of complex 2 shows square pyramidal geometry around the Cu(II) center.

Folate-assisted targeted photocytotoxicity of red-light-activable iron(III) complex co-functionalized gold nanoconjugates (Fe@FA-AuNPs) against HeLa and triple-negative MDA-MB-231 cancer cells.

Photo-redox chemistry resulting from ligand to metal charge transfer in red-light-activable iron(III) complexes could be a potent strategic tool for next-generation photochemotherapeutic applications. Herein, we developed an iron(III) complex and folate co-functionalized gold nanoconjugate (Fe@FA-AuNPs) and thoroughly characterized it with NMR, ESI MS, UV-visible, EPR, EDX, XPS, powder X-ray diffraction, TEM and DLS studies. There was a remarkable shift in the SPR band of AuNPs to 680 nm, and singlet oxygen (O) and hydroxyl radicals were potently generated upon red-light activation, which were probed by UV-visible and EPR spectroscopic assays.

A Platinum(II) Boron-dipyrromethene Complex for Cellular Imaging and Mitochondria-targeted Photodynamic Therapy in Red Light.

Cisplatin-derived platinum(II) complexes [Pt(NH ) (pacac)](NO ) (1, DPP-Pt) and [Pt(NH ) (Acac-RB)](NO ) (2, Acacplatin-RB), where Hpacac is 1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedione and HAcac-RB is a red-light active distyryl-BODIPY-appended acetylacetone ligand, are prepared, characterized and their photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity studied (RB abbreviated for red-light BODIPY). Complex 2 displayed an intense absorption band at λ=652 nm (ϵ=7.3×10  M  cm ) and 601 nm (ϵ=3.

Biotin and boron-dipyrromethene-tagged platinum(IV) prodrug for cellular imaging and mito-targeted photocytotoxicity in red light.

A platinum(IV) prodrug, ,,-[Pt(NH)Cl(biotin)(L)] (1), derived from cisplatin, where HL is the PEGylated red-light active boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) ligand, was synthesized, characterized and its photocytotoxicity evaluated. The complex showed a near-IR absorption band at 653 nm ( ∼9.19 × 10 M cm) in dimethyl sulfoxide and Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (1 : 1 v/v) at pH 7.

A portable spectroscopic instrument for multiplexed monitoring of acute water toxicity: Design, testing, and evaluation.

The deteriorating water environment worldwide, mainly due to population explosion and uncontrolled direct disposal of harmful industrial and farming wastes, earnestly demands new approaches and accurate technologies to monitor water quality before consumption overcoming the shortcomings of the current methodologies. A spectroscopic water quality monitoring and early-warning instrument for evaluating acute water toxicity are the need of the hour. In this study, we have developed a prototype capable of the quantification of dissolved organic matter, dissolved chemicals, and suspended particulate matter in trace amounts dissolved in the water.

Molecular co-localization of multiple drugs in a nanoscopic delivery vehicle for potential synergistic remediation of multi-drug resistant bacteria.

Anti-microbial resistant infection is predicted to be alarming in upcoming years. In the present study, we proposed co-localization of two model drugs viz., rifampicin and benzothiazole used in anti-tuberculosis and anti-fungal agents respectively in a nanoscopic cationic micelle (cetyl triethyl ammonium bromide) with hydrodynamic diameter of 2.

Implementation of surface functionalization of MnS nanoparticles for achieving novel optical properties and improving therapeutic potential.

In the past few years, metal sulfide nanoparticles (NPs) have achieved enormous interest due to their photo and electrochemical properties, which can compete with the existing metal oxide NPs. However, there are fewer reports on the synthesis and the mechanism of surface functionalization of these NPs to achieve intrinsic optical properties. Here, we demonstrate a novel method for the synthesis and the surface modification of manganese sulfide (MnS) NPs to achieve intrinsic photoluminescence and special electrochemical properties.

BODIPY-dipicolylamine complexes of platinum(II): X-ray structure, cellular imaging and organelle-specific near-IR light type-II PDT.

Dipicolylamine (dpa) based platinum(II) complexes [Pt(L1-3)Cl]Cl (1-3), where L2 and L3 are green and red light BODIPY-tagged dpa ligands and L1 is a benzyl derivative of dpa, were synthesized and characterized and their cytotoxicity was studied. The perchlorate salt of complex 2 was structurally characterized. It showed a PtNCl core with a deformed square-planar geometry.

Interaction of a Jaundice Marker Molecule with a Redox-Modulatory Nano-Hybrid: A Combined Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Study toward the Development of a Theranostic Tool.

This study explores a combined electrochemical and spectroscopic approach to investigate the degradation of bilirubin, a molecular marker of jaundice in humans using a biocompatible nanohybrid (citrate-functionalized Mn O nanohybrid; C-Mn O NH). The approach is aimed at the development of a facile theranostic tool for treatment, detection, and prognosis of jaundice. Linear sweep voltammetry (LSV) studies on bilirubin, C-Mn O NH, a model carrier protein, and its complex with bilirubin reveal the efficacy of the nanohybrid for both degradation and detection of bilirubin.

Decoding the Kinetic Pathways toward a Lipid/DNA Complex of Alkyl Alcohol Cationic Lipids Formed in a Microfluidic Channel.

Complexes of cationic liposomes with DNA have emerged as promising nonviral vectors for delivering genetic information into cells for gene therapy. Kinetics of the liposome/DNA complex (lipoplex) formation on a millisecond time scale are studied by monitoring time evolution of fluorescence of 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonic acid (ANS) and ethidium bromide (EtBr) in a continuous flow microfluidic channel coupled to a fluorescence microscope. The formation of lipoplexes between calf thymus DNA and liposomes based on two novel cationic lipids (Lip1810 and Lip1814) are found to follow a two-step process with kinetic constants for the Lip1814/DNA complex ( = 1120-1383 s, = 0.

Dual Sensitization via Electron and Energy Harvesting in a Nanohybrid for Improvement of Therapeutic Efficacy.

We demonstrate experimental evidence of the effect of surface plasmon resonance of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) on the activity of a well-known biomedicinal drug in the proximity of a semiconductor having a wide band gap for enhanced photodynamic therapy (PDT) efficacy. We have chosen riboflavin (Rf) (or vitamin B) as a model photosensitizer, attached with ZnO NPs and further attached with gold (Au) NP-decorated ZnO to increase the efficiency. The synthesized nanohybrids are characterized with the help of different microscopic, optical spectroscopic, and density functional theory (DFT)-based techniques.

Oxoplatin-B, a cisplatin-based platinum(IV) complex with photoactive BODIPY for mitochondria specific "chemo-PDT" activity.

Oxoplatin-B, a platinum(IV) complex [Pt(NH)Cl(L)(OH)] (1) of 4-methylbenzoic acid (HL) functionalized with 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene (BODIPY) was prepared, characterized and its antitumor activity studied. [Pt(NH)Cl(L)(OH)] (2) of 4-methylbenzoic acid (HL) was studied as a control. Complex 1 showed an absorption band at 500 nm (ɛ = 4.

Wide bandgap semiconductor-based novel nanohybrid for potential antibacterial activity: ultrafast spectroscopy and computational studies.

The properties of nanomaterials generated by external stimuli are considered an innovative and promising replacement for the annihilation of bacterial infectious diseases. The present study demonstrates the possibility of getting the antibiotic-like drug action from our newly synthesized nanohybrid (NH), which consists of norfloxacin (NF) as the photosensitive material covalently attached to the ZnO nanoparticle (NP). The synthesized NH has been characterized using various microscopic and spectroscopic techniques.