Predicting Pain Intensity after Mandibular Third Molar Surgery using Cold Pressor Testing: A Quasi-Experimental Study.

Background: Patients complain differently about their experiences of post-operative pain. However, clinicians are often guided by their own viewpoints despite the highly subjective nature of pain resulting in suboptimal post-operative pain management. This impacts negatively on the quality of life of patients in the immediate post-operative period.

Oral human papilloma virus infection among dental clinic attendees in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background: Human papilloma virus (HPV) is associated with a subset of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma and mouth or throat warts. However, there is currently limited information about oral HPV infections in Nigeria.

Objective: This study aimed to provide information on the occurrence and circulating genotypes of HPV among patients attending three (one government and two private) dental clinics in Ibadan, Nigeria.

Burdens and predictors of the Burden experienced by Family Caregivers of Patients with Oral and Maxillofacial Tumours.

Aim: There is a dearth of knowledge on the burden of family caregivers of patients with maxillofacial tumours in Nigeria. This burden may be influenced by racial peculiarities and the disease entity of the patient. The aim of this study is to assess and document the burdens and predictors of burdens experienced by family caregivers of patients with oral maxillofacial tumours presenting at a tertiary health facility in South Western Nigeria.

DENTAL RESIDENTS' PERCEPTION OF LEARNING ENVIRONMENT: EXPERIENCE OF A NIGERIAN TRAINING INSTITUTION.

Background: Learning environment has been described as crucial in determining the success of medical and dental education. Continuous evaluation of this environment will help in maximizing the learning opportunities of the training program.

Objective: To assess the resident doctors' perception of their learning environment at a teaching hospital in Nigeria.

AN AUDIT OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL PROCEDURES UNDER GENERAL ANAESTHESIA AT THE UNIVERSITY COLLEGE HOSPITAL IBADAN, NIGERIA.

Background: Operating theatre time management is a constant source of tension among the healthcare professionals responsible for the use of the facility. It is important that all effort should be geared at optimal utilization of available resources and minimization of waste.

Aim: To appraise time management, frequency and duration of surgical procedures, frequency and determinants of blood transfusion in oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Quality of life of patients surgically treated for ameloblastoma.

Background: The surgical management of ameloblastoma can have a profound functional and psychological effect on a patient's quality of life (QoL). The aim of this study was to compare the pre- and post-operative QoL outcomes of patients requiring surgical treatment for ameloblastoma.

Patients And Methods: A total number of 30 patients were identified as fulfilling the criteria for this study.

PATTERN OF OROFACIAL BACTERIAL INFECTIONS IN A TERTIARY HOSPITAL IN SOUTHWEST, NIGERIA.

Background: Orofacial bacterial infections present in diverse patterns due to the anatomical complexity of the area. The likelihood of spread from the initial area of infection is also high because of the presence of contiguous spaces in the head and neck region.

Aim: To determine the pattern and management outcome of orofacial bacterial infections in Southwest Nigeria.

Dental students' perception of their interactions with faculty and learning activities in Nigeria.

Background: For effective development of policy for faculty advances, it is necessary to know students' views. This study describes the perceptions of clinical students about teaching skills of faculty in the dental schools in Nigeria.

Methods: A validated, self-administered questionnaire adapted from Clinical Education Instructional Quality was used to survey 109 dental students from the three dental schools in Nigeria.

DENTAL IMPLANT TREATMENT AT A NIGERIAN TEACHING HOSPITAL.

Background: There has been an increase in the awareness of dental implant as a replacement option for missing teeth and this has consequently led to an increased demand for dental implant.

Aim & Objectives: To determine the distribution and pattern of implant placement in a tertiary hospital in a developing country.

Materials & Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at the University College Hospital to assess the treatment outcome of all the patients who had had osseointegrated root form endosseous dental implants over a period of five years.

Gross surgical features and treatment outcome of ameloblastoma at a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Background: Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumour which is locally infiltrative and may cause severe craniofacial deformities. Its epidemiology, clinical and histologic configurations are replete in local and international literature, but data about its gross surgical patterns and treatment outcome in Nigeria is sparse. We therefore describe the clinical, gross surgical configuration, histopathologic features and the outcome of management seen at a Nigerian tertiary hospital.

Management of fascial space infections in a Nigerian teaching hospital: A 4-year review.

Background: Fascial space infections of the head and neck region, usually odontogenic in origin, are routinely treated as an out-patient procedure. Untreated or rapidly spreading odontogenic infections can be potentially life threatening. The present study is a review of patients with orofacial infections who required emergent incision and drainage in the maxillofacial unit of our institution.

Retrospective evaluation of necrotizing fasciitis in University College Hospital, Ibadan.

Context: Cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis (CNF), although a potentially fatal fulminant infection has been largely under-reported in the dental literature.

Aims: To report our experience with cases seen and treated at the University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Settings And Design: A descriptive retrospective clinical study.

Mandibular defect reconstruction with nonvascularized iliac crest bone graft.

Context: Reconstruction of mandibular defect is a challenge to the head and neck surgeon because of associated functional and esthetic problems. Our experience with the use of nonvascularized iliac crest bone graft is hereby reported.

Aim: The aim was to report our experience with the use of nonvascularized iliac crest bone for mandibular defect reconstruction at University College Hospital, Ibadan.

An audit of mandibular defect reconstruction methods in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital.

Aims And Objectives: To audit methods of mandibular defect reconstruction used in our institution.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective study of mandibular bone reconstruction at the University College Hospital Ibadan between January 2001 and December 2007. Relevant records were retrieved from patients' case notes and operation register.

Prophylaxis versus pre-emptive antibiotics in third molar surgery: a randomised control study.

Objectives: This study was carried out to compare the efficacy of preoperative single bolus antibiotics with a 5 day- postoperative antibiotic regimen in reducing pain, swelling, and trismus, surgical site infection (SSI) and alveolar osteitis (AO) after third molar surgery.

Patients And Methods: A randomised experiment was done involving eighty-four patients. The patients were divided into two groups consisting of 42 patients each.

Biologic, anatomic and clinical considerations in the management of the classic intraosseous ameloblastoma of the jaws.

This paper reviews the types of surgical and nonsurgical treatment modalities that have been used to treat the classic intraosseous ameloblastoma of the jaws. The clinical, anatomic and biologic factors that may influence the clinicians' selection of a particular treatment modality were highlighted. Surgeons should be aware of these different modalities if they are to formulate a surgical treatment plan that is individualised to fit different clinical situations.

Prevalence of neck and back pain among dentists and dental auxiliaries in South-western Nigeria.

Dental health workers like other workers have occupation related health problems and hazards which include neck and low back pain. Previous studies have shown that the prevalence and location of pain may be influenced by posture and work habits and as well as demographic factors. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of neck and back problems among dentists and dental auxiliaries in private and government dental hospitals in south western Nigeria.

Comparative effect of tube drain on post operative inflammatory complications of impacted mandibular third molar surgery College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria.

Background And Objectives: Swelling, pain and trismus are acute reversible inflammatory complications of impacted mandibular third molar (M3) surgery. They contribute to the deterioration of quality of life and loss of several useful working hours. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of a surgical drain following M3 surgery can minimise these inflammatory complications.

Incidence and risk factors for nerve injuries in mandibular third molar surgery.

Background: The inferioralveolar (IAN), lingual (LN) and long buccal nerves (LBN)are the three terminal branches of the trigeminal nerve which are susceptible to injury during surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. While it is not always possible to accurately predict the patients that will be affected with these complications, understanding and identifying the risk factors may allow the adoption of appropriate technique and expertise for specific cases. We embarked on this study to document the incidence and duration of injury to the inferior alveolar nerve (IAN), lingual nerve (LN) and long buccal nerve (LBN) following the operative removal of impacted mandibular third molars and to identify the associated radiographic and operative risk factors.

Evaluation of Pederson index as an instrument for predicting difficulty of third molar surgical extraction.

Aim: This study was intended to assess the clinical reliability of the Pederson index as an instrument for preoperative determination of surgical difficulty in third molar surgery.

Methods: Pederson index was used to predict the difficulty of 79 cases of impacted mandibular third molar extractions. The predictions were compared with actual surgical difficulty determined by operation time.

Identification of risk factors for short-term morbidity in third molar surgery.

Aim: The study was designed to identify preoperative variables that may constitute important risk factors for greater degree of facial swelling, pain and trismus.

Material And Methods: The study involved 79 patients who presented for surgical removal of impacted mandibular third molars. Parameters such as age, sex, weight, body mass index, body surface area, and radiographic parameters such as depth of impaction, root morphology, ramus relationship, angulation of impaction, and proximity to inferior alveolar nerve {P-IAN} were measured and recorded.

Relative impact of patient characteristics and radiographic variables on the difficulty of removing impacted mandibular third molars.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the relative contributions of patient characteristics and radiographic variables to the difficulty of extraction of impacted mandibular third molars in a Nigerian population.

Methods And Materials: Seventy-nine consecutive patients undergoing mandibular third molar extractions were recruited for this prospective cohort study. Specific patient characteristics and radiographic variables were recorded.

The use of thromboembolic prophylaxis by surgeons: A multicentre Nigerian study.

Background: Despite the well known contributions of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism to perioperative deaths, these major causes of morbidity and mortality appear not to be given adequate attention by surgeons in our environment.

Objective: To study the practice of thromboembolic prophylaxis among surgeons in some sub-specialties in three Nigerian tertiary institutions.

Materials And Methods: A structured questionnaire was used to collect information from consultants in the surgical sub-specialties on the use of thromboembolic prophylaxis in their practice.

Oral manifestation of HIV/AIDS.

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infection and Acquired Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) have become a pandemic with about 40 million infected people world-wide. The virus attacks the immune cells resulting in a defective cell-mediated immune response thus exposing the host to opportunistic infections. Oral and peri-oral lesions are often seen in HIV infections and sometimes, appear as the first indicators of the disease.