Publications by authors named "Arora Kanika"

Background: There has been a paradoxical rise in young-onset gastric cancer (YOGC), defined as gastric cancer (GC) diagnosed before age 50. Precursor lesions may contribute to pathogenesis, though their role in progression to different histologic subtypes is unclear. The impact of self-reported race is also poorly characterized and may be unreliable as a proxy for genetic differences.

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  • Varicose veins, common in the lower limbs, pose challenges for diagnosis and treatment due to their various causes, necessitating improved methods for better patient outcomes.
  • The study covers factors influencing varicose veins, like hormonal and environmental elements, while evaluating current diagnostic tools like duplex ultrasonography and new therapies including sclerotherapy and endovenous thermal ablation.
  • It emphasizes the need for future research focused on patient-centered approaches, technological advancements, and molecular studies to enhance the effectiveness of varicose vein treatment, integrating insights from multiple medical disciplines.
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  • This study analyzed data from the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey between 2006 and 2019 to evaluate how closing the Medicare Part D coverage gap affected older adults' mental health.
  • By comparing mental health outcomes of Medicare beneficiaries to those with private insurance before and after the 2011 policy change, researchers found a notable improvement, indicated by a 0.447-point drop in the Kessler Index 6 (K-6) score.
  • The improvement was particularly significant among women, Hispanics, and those with chronic conditions, suggesting that reduced out-of-pocket expenses played a key role in alleviating financial stress and enhancing mental well-being.
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This investigation presents a self-powered, solar-blind photodetector utilizing a low-temperature fabricated crystalline NiO/ZnGaO heterojunction with a staggered type-II band alignment. The device leverages the pyrophototronic effect (PPE), combining the photoelectric effect in the p-n junction and the pyroelectric effect in the non-centrosymmetric ZnGaO crystal. This synergistic effect enhances the photodetector's performance parameters, thereby outperforming traditional solar-blind photodetectors.

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This report describes two brothers from India and a Chinese patient with somatic reversion of an inherited deleterious mutation in the WAS gene. Both the Indian siblings had inherited a single nucleotide deletion causing a frameshift mutation (c.1190del, p.

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Background: Communication is considered an inherent element of nearly every implementation strategy. Often it is seen as a means for imparting new information between stakeholders, representing a Transaction orientation to communication. From a Process orientation, communication is more than information-exchange and is acknowledged as being shaped by (and shaping) the individuals involved and their relationships with one another.

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  • - This study focuses on rare cervical sympathetic chain schwannomas (CSCS), aiming to find radiological indicators that could prevent misdiagnosis and help in choosing surgical methods based on tumor characteristics.
  • - Researchers analyzed 21 cases, classifying tumors based on their proximity to the carotid sheath, which helped correlate with surgical procedures like vessel ligation and outcomes.
  • - Results showed a strong agreement among radiologists on a new tumor classification, highlighting that tumor type influences the need for artery ligation and postoperative complications, underscoring the importance of effective preoperative planning.
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Objective: To use a practical approach to examining the use of Expert Recommendations for Implementing Change (ERIC) strategies by Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM) dimensions for rural health innovations using annual reports on a diverse array of initiatives.

Data Sources And Study Setting: The Veterans Affairs (VA) Office of Rural Health (ORH) funds initiatives designed to support the implementation and spread of innovations and evidence-based programs and practices to improve the health of rural Veterans. This study draws on the annual evaluation reports submitted for fiscal years 2020-2022 from 30 of these enterprise-wide initiatives (EWIs).

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  • * An 8-year-old boy with this disorder had a specific genetic mutation in the CD79A gene and developed difficult-to-treat leg ulcers caused by Helicobacter bilis, despite regular treatments like intravenous immunoglobulin and antibiotics.
  • * The case highlights the necessity of accurate genetic diagnosis and specialized antimicrobial treatments when dealing with infections in patients with primary immunodeficiencies, especially those linked to CD79A mutations.
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  • An irritative fibroma is a benign connective tissue tumor commonly found in the oral cavity, particularly on the buccal mucosa and tongue, but rarely on the hard palate.
  • These fibromas are caused by chronic irritation of the oral mucosa from factors like tobacco use, ill-fitting dentures, or biting.
  • The case study outlines a 61-year-old woman with a hard palate fibroma linked to 30 years of betel nut and tobacco chewing, who underwent surgical excision and cauterization to reduce recurrence risk.
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  • The study analyzes the impact of Paid Family Leave (PFL) and Paid Sick Leave (PSL) policies on the ability of individuals to care for older parents, finding that PSL significantly increases care provision, especially when PFL and PSL are offered together.
  • Stronger effects were observed among women and adult children without partners, indicating these groups benefit most from the policies.
  • The findings suggest that while PSL improves care provision, PFL alone does not have the same effect unless it includes job protection, highlighting the need for thoughtful policy design in supporting family caregivers.
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Background: Post-tuberculosis lung abnormality (PTLA) is the most common risk factor for chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), and 14%-25% of the subjects with PTLA develop CPA. The pathogenesis and the host immune response in subjects with PTLA who develop CPA need to be better understood.

Methods: We prospectively compared the innate and adaptive immune responses mounted by patients of PTLA with or without CPA (controls).

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Background: Niacin, an established therapeutic for dyslipidemia, is hindered by its propensity to induce significant cutaneous flushing when administered orally in its unmodified state, thereby constraining its clinical utility.

Objective: This study aimed to fabricate, characterize, and assess the in-vitro and in-vivo effectiveness of niacin-loaded polymeric films (NLPFs) comprised of carboxymethyl tamarind seed polysaccharide. The primary objective was to mitigate the flushing-related side effects associated with oral niacin administration.

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Background: The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) Office of Rural Health (ORH) supports national VA program offices' efforts to expand health care to rural Veterans through its Enterprise-Wide Initiatives (EWIs) program. In 2017, ORH selected Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation, and Maintenance (RE-AIM), an implementation science framework, to structure the EWI evaluation and reporting process. As part of its mandate to improve EWI program evaluation, the Center for the Evaluation of Enterprise-Wide Initiatives conducted a qualitative evaluation to better understand EWI team' perceptions of, and barriers and facilitators to, the EWI evaluation process.

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COVID-19, also known as coronavirus disease 2019, is an extremely contagious viral sickness caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). After the first cases of this primarily respiratory viral illness were recorded in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in late December 2019, SARS-CoV-2 rapidly disseminated across the globe. Consequently, on March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared it a global pandemic.

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Addressing the complex challenge of healing of bacterially infected wounds, this study explores the potential of lipid nanomaterials, particularly advanced ultradeformable particles (UDPs), to actively influence the wound microenvironment. The research introduces a novel therapeutic approach utilizing silver sulfadiazine (SSD) coupled with vitamin E (VE) delivered through UDPs (ethosomes/transferosomes/transethosomes). Comparative physicochemical characterization of these nanosized drug carriers reveals the superior stability of transethosomes, boasting a zeta potential of -36.

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This comprehensive review delves into the intricate landscape of glycans and glycoconjugates, unraveling their multifaceted roles across diverse biological dimensions. From influencing fundamental cellular processes such as signaling, recognition, and adhesion to exerting profound effects at the molecular and genetic levels, these complex carbohydrate structures emerge as linchpins in cellular functions and interactions. The structural diversity of glycoconjugates, which can be specifically classified into glycoproteins, glycolipids, and proteoglycans, underscores their importance in shaping the architecture of cells.

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Introduction: Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome (WAS) is a rare X-linked inborn error of immunity characterized by microthrombocytopenia, infections, eczema, and increased predisposition to develop autoimmunity and malignancy. Flow cytometric assay for determining WAS protein (WASp) is a rapid and cost-effective tool for detecting patients. However, very few studies described WASp expression in female carriers.

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Background And Objectives: Cannabis use among aging Americans continues to increase. We examine correlates of cannabis use including attitudes, state of residence, health status, and service use.

Research Design And Methods: Using the 2018 Health and Retirement Study Cannabis module completed by 1,372 respondents aged 50 and older, we distinguished current cannabis users from those who have never used or have some prior use.

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Adenoid cystic carcinoma (AdCC) metastasis to kidney is rare. We identified 10 patients with metastatic AdCC in multi-institutional collaboration. Core needle biopsy was the most common specimen (n = 6).

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Hair loss (alopecia) has a multitude of causes, and the problem is still poorly defined. For curing alopecia, therapies are available in both natural and synthetic forms; however, natural remedies are gaining popularity due to the multiple effects of complex phytoconstituents on the scalp with fewer side effects. Evidence-based hair growth promotion by some plants has been reported for both traditional and advanced treatment approaches.

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Cancer genomes from patients with African (AFR) ancestry have been poorly studied in clinical research. We leverage two large genomic cohorts to investigate the relationship between genomic alterations and AFR ancestry in six common cancers. Cross-cancer type associations, such as an enrichment of MYC amplification with AFR ancestry in lung, breast, and prostate cancers, and depletion of BRAF alterations are observed in colorectal and pancreatic cancers.

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Background: Racial disparities in outcomes exist in endometrial cancer (EC). The contribution of ancestry-based variations in germline pathogenic variants (gPVs) is unknown.

Methods: Germline assessment of ≥76 cancer predisposition genes was performed in patients with EC undergoing tumor-normal Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Integrated Mutation Profiling of Actionable Cancer Targets sequencing from January 1, 2015 through June 30, 2021.

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