Efficacy of Chlorhexidine, Xylitol, and Chlorhexidine + Xylitol against Dental Plaque, Gingivitis, and Salivary Streptococcus mutans Load: A Randomised Controlled Trial.

Purpose: To compare the antiplaque, antigingivitis and antibacterial efficacy of chlorhexidine (CHX), XYL and a mouthwash combining CHX and XYL against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans).

Materials And Methods: A parallel design, randomised controlled trial was conducted among 75 dental students.

Bacillus amyloliquefaciens induces production of a novel blennolide K in coculture of Setophoma terrestris.

Aims: The discovery of known bioactive chemical leads from microbial monocultures hinders the efficiency of drug discovery programmes. Therefore, in recent years, the use of fungal-bacterial coculture experiments has gained considerable attention due to their ability to generate new bioactive leads. In this work, fungal strain Setophoma terrestris was cocultured with Bacillus amyloliquifaciens to discover novel bioactive compounds.

A pilot study assessing the value of 3D printed molecular modelling tools for pharmacy student education.

Background And Purpose: Medicinal chemistry and pharmacology are difficult topics to both teach and learn given the complex nature of drug mechanisms and drug-receptor interactions. This highlights the need for innovative teaching methods to deliver this information to students. One such method is through three-dimensional (3D) printing of enzymes and ligands in the teaching of molecular modelling concepts relating to drug-receptor and enzyme interactions be ligands.

Pubic Symphysis Diastasis: A Case Series and Literature Review.

Separation of pubic symphysis during delivery is a rare complication resulting in considerable and prolonged morbidity for parturient women. The usual presentation is that of something giving way in the region of the symphysis pubis sometimes with an audible crack at the time of delivery. Unbearable pain on moving from side-to-side and on performing any weight-bearing activity (such as walking or climbing stairs) precludes ambulation in the immediate postpartum period.

Preliminary investigation of the effect of doping of copper oxide in CaO-SiO-PO-MgO bioactive composition for bone repair applications.

A diopside based bioactive system with a nominal composition of xCuO-(45.55-x)CaO-29.44 SiO-10.

N-acetyl-L-tryptophan, a substance-P receptor antagonist attenuates aluminum-induced spatial memory deficit in rats.

Neuroinflammation plays an important role in the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. Neurokinin substance P is a key mediator which modulates neuroinflammation through neurokinin receptor. Involvement of substance P in Alzheimer's disease is still plausible and various controversies exist in this hypothesis.

Ischemic Stroke Profile, Risk Factors, and Outcomes in India: The Indo-US Collaborative Stroke Project.

Background And Purpose: The Indo-US Collaborative Stroke Project was designed to characterize ischemic stroke across 5 high-volume academic tertiary hospitals in India.

Methods: From January 2012 to August 2014, research coordinators and physician coinvestigators prospectively collected data on 2066 patients with ischemic stroke admitted <2 weeks after onset. Investigator training and supervision and data monitoring were conducted by the US site (Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston).

An insight into the role of cyclooxygenase and lipooxygenase pathway in renal ischemia.

Objective: Renal ischemia (RI) is a clinical condition that occurs due to marked decrease in renal blood flow. The pathophysiology of RI is interlinked with atherosclerotic renal artery stenosis, infarction, organ transplantation and sepsis. The mechanism of RI injury depends on various factors such as inflammatory response, oxidative stress and apoptosis.

Preparation, characterization and cytotoxic evaluation of bovine serum albumin nanoparticles encapsulating 5-methylmellein: A secondary metabolite isolated from Xylaria psidii.

In this study, 5-methylmellein (5-MM) loaded bovine serum albumin nanoparticles (BSA NPs) were developed using desolvation technique. The developed nanoparticles were characterized for their mean particle size, polydispersity, zeta potential, loading efficiency, X-ray diffractometry (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and release profile. The developed nanoparticles were spherical in shape under transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM).

Correction: Variable coordination and C-S bond cleavage activity of N-substituted imidazolidine-2-thiones towards copper: synthesis, spectroscopy, structures, ESI-mass and antimicrobial studies.

Correction for 'Variable coordination and C-S bond cleavage activity of N-substituted imidazolidine-2-thiones towards copper: synthesis, spectroscopy, structures, ESI-mass and antimicrobial studies' by Jaspreet K. Aulakh, et al., Dalton Trans.

Post-cholecystectomy syndrome: A new look at an old problem.

Background: Despite being the most commonly performed operations, sometimes cholecystectomy fails to relieve symptoms; this is now a well-recognised clinical entity termed 'post-cholecystectomy syndrome' (PCS). Very few studies from India deal with PCS, and the present study was carried out to find the incidence and risk factors for PCS in patients undergoing elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC).

Materials And Methods: The records of 207 patients undergoing elective LC were prospectively maintained for 6 months after surgery.

Synthesis, structures, and ESI-mass studies of silver(I) derivatives of imidazolidine-2-thiones: Antimicrobial potential and biosafety evaluation.

The basic objective of this investigation is to explore potential metallo-organic antimicrobial agents based on silver-heterocyclic-2-thiones. In this respect, a series of silver(I) halide complexes with imidazolidine-2-thiones (L-NR, R=H, Me, Et, Pr, Bu, Ph), namely, mononuclear [AgX(L-NR)(PPh)] (X, R: Cl, Bu, 1; Br, Ph, 7); [AgX(L-NR)] (Br, Bu, 5; Br, Pr, 8) and halogen bridged dinuclear [Ag(μ-X)(L-NR)(PPh)] (Cl, Bu, 2; Cl, Ph, 3; Cl, Pr, 4; Br, Ph, 6) have been synthesized and characterized using modern techniques. The thio-ligands are terminally S-bonded in all the complexes.

Comparison of two algorithms to confirm and discriminate samples initially reactive for nucleic acid amplification tests.

Background: Blood centers in India have published individual donor nucleic acid testing (ID-NAT) data based on an algorithm (Algorithm A) where serologically negative, NAT reactive sample was subsequently tested with discriminatory NAT (d-NAT), and on the basis of d-NAT, initial reactive samples were classified as "NAT yield" or inconclusive. We followed Algorithm B based on replicate testing and Ultrio Plus assay and compared the results with Algorithm A with Ultrio assay.

Materials And Methods: Results of ID-NAT using two algorithms were analyzed.

Phenotypic and molecular assessment of chickpea from different chickpea cultivars of India.

In the present study, heterogeneity in natural chickpea rhizobia populations associated with 18 different chickpea () cultivars of India was investigated. Physiological diversity of 20 chickpea rhizobia was characterized based on phenotypic parameters such as Bromothymol blue (BTB) test, pH, temperature and salinity tolerance. Based on response to BTB test and pH tolerance, all chickpea rhizobia were further divided into slow growers/alkali producers (14 isolates) and fast growers/acid producers (6 isolates).

Pre-eclampsia: Molecular events to biomarkers.

Pre-eclampsia is a hypertensive disorder in pregnancy, which accounts for 10-15% of the maternal and perinatal mortality worldwide. Abnormal placental development and tissue hypoxia are its main etiologic factors. The present diagnostic methods of blood pressure monitoring and renal function evaluation are insufficient in the early detection of pre-eclampsia.

Changing Trends in Therapeutic Plasmapheresis: An Indian Perspective.

Indications for therapeutic apheresis (TA) are dynamic; they keep changing and expanding because of introduction of newer treatment modalities and accumulating evidence in the form of case-reports, case-series and original articles. We evaluated our therapeutic plasmapheresis (TP) data and compared this data with an earlier published Indian report for indications, frequency, response rate and adverse reactions. We conducted a retrospective analysis of all TP procedures performed from January 2014 to June 2016 in department of Transfusion Medicine at a tertiary care hospital.

In Vitro Evaluation and Statistical Optimization of Antimicrobial Activity of Prunus cerasoides Stem Bark.

Nature is a generous source of compounds with the potential for prevention of infections. Antimicrobial screening of aqueous extract from bark of wild Himalayan cherry (Prunus cerasoides) was carried out against various pathogenic microorganisms with inhibition zone ranging from 19 to 24 mm. An optimization strategy, which included classical method and statistical method (RSM), was applied to optimize the effect of process variables.

Fluoroscopy-guided Neurolytic Splanchnic Nerve Block for Intractable Pain from Upper Abdominal Malignancies in Patients with Distorted Celiac Axis Anatomy: An Effective Alternative to Celiac Plexus Neurolysis - A Retrospective Study.

Introduction: The pain from upper gastrointestinal malignancy leads to considerable morbidity. The celiac plexus and splanchnic nerve neurolysis are good therapeutic options. Although splanchnic nerve neurolysis less frequently performed, but it has an edge over celiac plexus as it can be performed in patients with altered celiac plexus anatomy by enlarged lymph nodes.

A randomized control trial to assess efficacy of Mifepristone in medical management of uterine fibroid.

Background: Fibroids are the most common benign tumours of uterus. Heavy menstrual bleeding is the commonest concern for which medical attention is sought. Hysterectomies for leiomyoma constitute a third of all hysterectomies.

Intricatinol synergistically enhances the anticancerous activity of cisplatin in human A549 cells via p38 MAPK/p53 signalling.

Platinum containing drugs are widely used to treat advanced lung carcinomas. However, their clinical success is still limited due to severe side effects, and drug resistance. Alternative approaches are warranted to augment efficacy of platinum based chemotherapeutic drugs with minimal side effects.

System Biology Approach to Identify Potential Receptor for Targeting Cancer and Biomolecular Interaction Studies of Indole[2,1-a]Isoquinoline Derivative as Anticancerous Drug Candidate Against it.

Cancer is a public health concern which is spreading throughout the world. Different approaches have been employed to combat this disease. System biology approach has been used to understand the molecular mechanisms of drugs targeting cancer cell's receptor which have opened-up a window to develop effective drugs for it.

Discovery of a Benzamide Derivative That Protects Pancreatic β-Cells against Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress.

Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress-mediated pancreatic insulin-producing β-cell dysfunction and death are critical elements in the onset and progression of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Here, through cell-based high throughput screening we identified benzamide derivatives as a novel class of β-cell protective agents against ER stress-induced dysfunction and death. Through structure-activity relationship optimization, a 3-(N-piperidinyl)methylbenzamide derivative 13d markedly protects β-cells against ER stress-induced dysfunction and death with near 100% maximum rescue activity and an EC of 0.

A rare presentation of nephrotic syndrome.

Nephrotic syndrome usually presents with oedema due to fluid accumulation in subcutaneous space. Renal subcapsular fluid accumulation is a rare presentation. We present a rare case of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis which presented with bilateral subcapsular fluid collection and was successfully managed by percutaneous drainage and treating the underline pathology.