Targeting H3N2 influenza: advancements in treatment and vaccine strategies.

Introduction: The emergence of the H3N2 influenza virus in 1968 marked a significant event as it crossed the species barrier. This shift led to a pandemic, resulting in the deaths of one million people globally and highlighting the virus's severe impact on older individuals due to antigenic drift.

Area Covered: This review comprehensively examines the virological characteristics, evolutionary trends, and global epidemiology of the Influenza A (H3N2) virus.

Diagnostic evaluation of Tru-Nat MTB/Rif test in comparison with microscopy for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis at tertiary care hospital of eastern Uttar Pradesh.

Background And Objectives: This study evaluated the efficacy of the TrueLab™ Real Time mini-PCR system in providing rapid and accurate diagnostic results for tuberculosis (TB) detection in India. The goal is to improve case detection and accelerate treatment in settings with limited resources.

Materials And Methods: This prospective study was conducted by the Department of Microbiology on 120 patients, age ranging from >=15 years with at least two clinical symptoms of pulmonary TB.

Control strategies for emerging infectious diseases: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever management.

Background And Aims: Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a significant public health concern transmitted by ticks. This study seeks to thoroughly grasp the epidemiology and transmission patterns of CCHF, which is caused by the CCHF virus (CCHFV), a member of the Nairovirus genus in the Bunyaviridae family.

Methods: The study investigates the global distribution and endemicity of CCHF, its mortality rates, modes of transmission (including tick bites, contact with infected animal blood, and limited person-to-person transmission), and factors influencing its prevalence across different regions.

Monitored Anesthesia Care (MAC) as an Alternative to General Anesthesia (GA): Prospective Double-Blinded Randomized Controlled Study Comparing Efficacy and Safety of Dexmedetomidine and Ketamine Infusions with Ultrasonography (USG) Guided Pectoral Nerve Block (PECs) for Postoperative Analgesia in Breast Surgery.

Background And Purpose: PECs blocks are usually combined for breast surgery under general anesthesia (GA) to provide postoperative analgesia rather than primary anesthesia technique.

Material And Methods: A prospective, interventional, single-center, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, active-controlled, Helsinki protocol-compliant clinical study was conducted in a tertiary care teaching center after obtaining the Ethics Committee's approval and patients' written informed consent. Forty-eight American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I/II patients aged 18-60 years, undergoing elective unilateral breast surgery were enrolled.

Environmental detection and spreading of mpox in healthcare settings: a narrative review.

Monkeypox virus (MPXV), which causes Monkeypox (Mpox), has recently been found outside its usual geographic distribution and has spread to 117 different nations. The World Health Organization (WHO) designated the epidemic a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Humans are at risk from MPXV's spread, which has raised concerns, particularly in the wake of the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic.

Exploring the theranostic potentials of miRNA and epigenetic networks in autoimmune diseases: A comprehensive review.

Background: Autoimmune diseases (AD) are severe pathophysiological ailments that are stimulated by an exaggerated immunogenic response towards self-antigens, which can cause systemic or site-specific organ damage. An array of complex genetic and epigenetic facets majorly contributes to the progression of AD, thus providing significant insight into the regulatory mechanism of microRNA (miRNA). miRNAs are short, non-coding RNAs that have been identified as essential contributors to the post-transcriptional regulation of host genome expression and as crucial regulators of a myriad of biological processes such as immune homeostasis, T helper cell differentiation, central and peripheral tolerance, and immune cell development.

Virulence traits and novel drug delivery strategies for mucormycosis post-COVID-19: a comprehensive review.

The outbreak of a fatal black fungus infection after the resurgence of the cadaverous COVID-19 has exhorted scientists worldwide to develop a nutshell by repurposing or designing new formulations to address the crisis. Patients expressing COVID-19 are more susceptible to Mucormycosis (MCR) and thus fall easy prey to decease accounting for this global threat. Their mortality rates range around 32-70% depending on the organs affected and grow even higher despite the treatment.

Emergence of Marburg virus: a global perspective on fatal outbreaks and clinical challenges.

The Marburg virus (MV), identified in 1967, has caused deadly outbreaks worldwide, the mortality rate of Marburg virus disease (MVD) varies depending on the outbreak and virus strain, but the average case fatality rate is around 50%. However, case fatality rates have varied from 24 to 88% in past outbreaks depending on virus strain and case management. Designated a priority pathogen by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), MV induces hemorrhagic fever, organ failure, and coagulation issues in both humans and non-human primates.

Myocarditis manifestations in dengue cases: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Dengue fever is a zoonotic viral infection that raises a global alarm in the tropics and subtropics, with the potentially escalating into newer geographical regions. Severe dengue may be associated with fatal complications such as myocarditis. There is a paucity of available data on the prevalence of dengue-associated myocarditis.