Learning by doing and creation of the shared discovery curriculum.

Background: The Michigan State College of Human Medicine began as an experiment to teach medical students in community-based settings and to create a primary care workforce for the state. Decades later, CHM faced internal and external challenges that spurred creation of a new curriculum - the Share Discovery Curriculum - founded on learning by doing and other learning theories.

Methods: A curricular design group (CDG) developed guiding principles for reform.

Experiences of Discrimination, Institutional Responses to Seminal Race Events, and Depressive Symptoms in Black U.S. Medical Students.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between experiences of discrimination, institutional responses to seminal race events, and depressive symptoms among Black medical students.

Method: This study collected data from a convenience sample of Black U.S.

Learning about medical student mistreatment from responses to the medical school graduation questionnaire.

Although evidence of medical student mistreatment has accumulated for more than 20 years, only recently have professional organizations like the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) and the American Medical Association truly acknowledged it as an issue. Since 1991, the AAMC's annual Medical School Graduation Questionnaire (GQ) has included questions about mistreatment. Responses to the GQ have become the major source of evidence of the prevalence and types of mistreatment.

Documenting clinical performance problems among medical students: feedback for learner remediation and curriculum enhancement.

Introduction: We operationalized the taxonomy developed by Hauer and colleagues describing common clinical performance problems. Faculty raters pilot tested the resulting worksheet by observing recordings of problematic simulated clinical encounters involving third-year medical students. This approach provided a framework for structured feedback to guide learner improvement and curricular enhancement.

The College of Human Medicine at Michigan State University: expansion and reinvention.

The College of Human Medicine (CHM) at Michigan State University, which graduated its first class in 1972, was one of the first community-based medical schools in the country. It was established as a state-funded medical school with specific legislative directives to educate primary care physicians who would serve the needs of the state, particularly those of underserved areas. However, the model has proved challenging to sustain with the many changes to the health care system and the economic climate of Michigan.

Better data for teachers, better data for learners, better patient care: college-wide assessment at Michigan State University's College of Human Medicine.

When our school organized the curriculum around a core set of medical student competencies in 2004, it was clear that more numerous and more varied student assessments were needed. To oversee a systematic approach to the assessment of medical student competencies, the Office of College-wide Assessment was established, led by the Associate Dean of College-wide Assessment. The mission of the Office is to 'facilitate the development of a seamless assessment system that drives a nimble, competency-based curriculum across the spectrum of our educational enterprise.

The contextual influence of professional culture: certified nurse-midwives' knowledge of and reliance on evidence-based practice.

This paper reports research undertaken to assess US certified nurse-midwives' (CNMs) knowledge of, access to, and use of evidence-based medicine (EBM). Findings are presented in the context of interprofessional, institutional, and popular culture. The descriptive study follows concepts of diffusion of innovation, evidence-based patient choice, and authoritative knowledge to analyse incentives and barriers to the implementation of evidence-based midwifery care.

Changing the nomenclature/taxonomy for intersex: a scientific and clinical rationale.

We explain here why the standard division of many intersex types into true hermaphroditism, male pseudohermaphroditism, and female pseudohermaphroditism is scientifically specious and clinically problematic. First we provide the history of this tripartite taxonomy and note how the taxonomy predates and largely ignores the modern sciences of genetics and endocrinology. We then note the numerous ways that the existing taxonomy confuses and sometimes harms clinicians, researchers, patients, and parents.

Highly Efficient and Practical Syntheses of Lavendamycin Methyl Ester and Related Novel Quinolindiones.

The novel 7-(N-formyl-, 7-(N-acetyl-, and 7-(N-isobutyrylamino)-2-methylquinoline-5,8-diones were synthesized in excellent overall yields in three steps via the nitration of the commercially available 8-hydroxy-2-methylquinoline followed by a reduction-acylation step and then oxidation. Acid hydrolysis of 7-(N-acetylamino)-2-methylquinoline-5,8-dione (14a) afforded the novel 7-aminoquinoline-5,8-dione 7 in excellent yields. Due to our efficient preparation of dione 14a, we now report a short and practical method for the total synthesis of the potent antitumor agent lavendamycin methyl ester (1b) with an excellent overall yield.