Urinary Cystatin B as a marker of acute kidney injury in cats.

Diagnosing acute kidney injury (AKI) might be challenging due to lack of sensitive early markers. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utility of the urinary biomarker Cystatin B (uCysB) in cats with AKI. Seventy-six client-owned cats were included.

Serum chemistry, thyroxine concentration, and blood cell morphology of wild, young Blackchin Guitarfish Glaucostegus cemiculus sampled on the eastern Mediterranean coastline.

Objective: The Blackchin Guitarfish Glaucostegus cemiculus is endemic to the Mediterranean Sea and is critically endangered, but relevant routine laboratory data are unavailable. Our objectives were to determine the packed cell volume (PCV), comprehensive serum chemistry analytes, and serum total thyroxine (sTT4) concentration; compare serum albumin and serum globulin concentrations as measured by two different methods; and describe the blood cell morphology of healthy, free-ranging Blackchin Guitarfish.

Methods: Wild Blackchin Guitarfish were captured using a seine net.

Thromboelastometry for assessment of hemostasis and disease severity in 42 dogs with naturally-occurring heatstroke.

Background: Thromboelastometry (TEM) provides a comprehensive overview of the entire coagulation process and has not been evaluated in heatstroke-induced coagulopathies in dogs.

Objectives: To determine the diagnostic and prognostic utility of TEM in dogs with heatstroke.

Animals: Forty-two client-owned dogs with heatstroke.

Giardiasis and diarrhea in dogs: Does the microbiome matter?

Background: Giardia duodenalis (Gd) causes intestinal parasitosis. The involvement of the intestinal microbiome in determining the infection's clinical phenotype is unknown.

Objective: Investigate the fecal microbiome features in dogs with giardiasis.

Serum Cholesterol Concentration on Admission in 415 Dogs Envenomated by as a Marker of Envenomation Severity and Outcome-A Retrospective Study.

() (), accounts for most envenomations in humans and dogs in Israel. In humans envenomed by , serum cholesterol concentration (sChol) is inversely correlated with envenomation severity. This study examined the utility of sChol upon admission in dogs envenomed by as an envenomation severity and outcome marker.

Retrospective study of canine blood xenotransfusion compared with type-matched feline blood allotransfusion to cats: indications, effectiveness, limitations and adverse effects.

Objectives: Xenotransfusion is the transfusion of blood from one species to another. With varying availability of allogenic feline blood (AFB) and in emergency conditions, circumstances occur when canine blood is transfused to cats. This study aimed to characterise the indications, effectiveness, limitations, and acute and late transfusion-related adverse effects of canine blood xenotransfusion compared with matched AFB to anaemic cats, and their survival and longer-term outcome.

Utility of 1,2-o-dilauryl-rac-glycero glutaric acid-(6'-methylresorufin)-ester-lipase for monitoring dogs with chronic pancreatitis.

Background: The utility of 1,2-o-dilauryl-rac-glycero glutaric acid-(6'-methylresorufin)-ester-(DGGR)-lipase activity (DLA) in monitoring clinical progression of chronic pancreatitis (CP) in dogs is unknown.

Objective: To examine the association of DLA with clinical signs of CP, as assessed by a CP clinical severity score (CPCSS).

Animals: Twenty-four dogs.

The diagnostic utility of hypophosphatemia for differentiating generalized tonic-clonic seizures from syncope in dogs: A case control study.

Transient hypophosphatemia is often detected in humans following generalized tonic-clonic seizures (GTCS), and serum phosphorus concentration (sPi) serves as a marker to differentiate GTCS from syncope. The objective of this retrospective study was to assess the usefulness of hypophosphatemia as a diagnostic marker for GTCS in dogs. Eighty-seven and 26 client-owned dogs with GTCS or syncope, respectively, were enrolled.

Clinical utility of serum fructosamine in long-term monitoring of diabetes mellitus in dogs.

Background: Serum fructosamine (sFA) is used to assess glycaemic control in dogs with diabetes mellitus (DM). Nevertheless, its interpretation is hindered by several limitations.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluates the long-term diagnostic performance of sFA for monitoring clinical control of DM.

Urinary interleukin-6 is a potentially useful diagnostic and prognostic marker of acute kidney injury in dogs.

Background: Interleukin-6 (IL6) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine implicated in the pathophysiology of urinary tract diseases. The objective of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic utilities of urinary IL6 (uIL6) in dogs with acute kidney injury (AKI) and other urinary tract diseases.

Methods: Eighty client-owned dogs were included and divided into four groups: AKI, chronic kidney disease (CKD), urinary tract infection and healthy controls.

Prevalence, clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment, and outcome of intermediate syndrome in anticholinesterase pesticide intoxication of dogs: A retrospective study.

Organophosphates and carbamates are important anticholinesterase intoxicants of humans and dogs. Intermediate syndrome (IMS) typically occurs 7-96 h following a toxicity-associated acute cholinergic crisis (ACC), and manifests clinically as weakness of the proximal limb, respiratory, and neck flexor muscles. The aim of this study was to describe the prevalence, clinical findings, and outcome of IMS in dogs.

Spinal cord protothecosis causing paraparesis in a dog.

Protothecosis, an infectious disease caused by the green algae and , occurs sporadically in domestic animals and humans. Diagnosis of CNS protothecosis is based on neurologic signs that indicate multifocal nervous system lesions and that follow a period of chronic diarrhea and weight loss, cytologic observation of algae in fecal culture or histopathology, and detection of the agent by PCR assay of infected tissues. Here, we report a case of a paraparetic dog with CNS protothecosis that was diagnosed definitively antemortem using CSF cytology, PCR, and DNA sequencing.

Clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, treatment and outcome of acute organophosphate or carbamate intoxication in 39 cats.

Background: Organophosphates and carbamates are important sources of intoxication for humans and animals. However, large-scale studies of these intoxications in cats are unavailable.

Methods: The medical records of 39 cats presented to a veterinary teaching hospital with acute organophosphate or carbamate intoxication were reviewed retrospectively.

Prospective evaluation of 5 urinary biomarkers as predictors of acute kidney injury in nonazotemic, hospitalized dogs.

Background: Early recognition of acute kidney injury (AKI) is hindered by current definitions and use of traditional, insensitive markers.

Hypothesis/objectives: Urinary (u) activity of γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and concentrations of heat-shock protein 70 (HSP70) and interleukins (ILs) -6 and -18, are predictive biomarkers for AKI and survival.

Animals: Nonazotemic, hospitalized dogs (n = 118) and healthy controls (n = 20).

Evaluation of serum histone concentrations and their associations with hemostasis, markers of inflammation, and outcome in dogs with naturally occurring acute pancreatitis.

Objective: To compare serum concentrations of histones and inflammatory markers in dogs with acute pancreatitis and healthy control dogs, investigate associations of these variables with coagulation test results and survival (vs nonsurvival) to hospital discharge, and examine the prognostic utility of clinical findings and routine laboratory and coagulation tests in affected dogs.

Animals: 36 dogs.

Procedures: Dogs with findings consistent with acute pancreatitis (n = 29) and healthy control dogs (7) were enrolled in a prospective, observational study.

Developmental intestinal microbiome alterations in canine fading puppy syndrome: a prospective observational study.

Fading puppy syndrome (FPS) is a fatal condition in neonatal dogs. Intestinal microbial alterations, although never investigated, may be involved in its pathophysiology. The study examined the occurrence of FPS and its associations with dam, puppy, and husbandry characteristics, compared the intestinal microbial diversity of healthy puppies and those with FPS, and examined whether intestinal microbiomes are predictive of FPS.

Ehrlichia canis morulae in peripheral blood lymphocytes of two naturally-infected puppies in Israel.

Ehrlichia canis is the major causative agent of canine monocytic ehrlichiosis (CME). Its morulae might be detected during the acute disease phase, usually within peripheral blood monocytes, but were uncommonly described within peripheral blood lymphocytes. This report describes two unrelated puppies, naturally infected with E.

Systemic toxoplasmosis in a cat under cyclosporine therapy.

Toxoplasma gondii, an obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite infecting warm-blooded animals, can cause toxoplasmosis, a major zoonosis. A male neutered, domestic cat was referred to the Hebrew University Veterinary Teaching Hospital due to dyspnea after long term treatment with cyclosporine for obsessive self-grooming and pruritis. After thorough diagnostics, including non - invasive imaging, broncho-alveolar lavage, blood serology, hematology and biochemistry, and evaluation of the aspirated fluid components, a severe pneumonia and abdominal effusion were detected with observation of free tachyzoites under light microscopy from lavage fluids.

envenomation in a dog: clinical, hemostatic and thromboelastometric findings and treatment.

Context: is endemic to the Middle East. Clinical reports describing envenomation in humans are scarce, while natural envenomations of animals were not reported. Such envenomations may induce systemic coagulopathy.

Acute on chronic kidney disease in dogs: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and survival.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute exacerbation of CKD (ACKD) are common in dogs.

Objective: To characterize the etiology, clinical and laboratory findings, and short- and long-term prognosis of dogs with ACKD.

Animals: One hundred dogs with ACKD.

Protease inhibitors, inflammatory markers, and their association with outcome in dogs with naturally occurring acute pancreatitis.

Background: Acute pancreatitis (AP) presumably is associated with pancreatic protease activation, protease inhibitor (PI) depletion, and inflammatory mediator secretion.

Objectives: Examine PIs and inflammatory mediator concentrations in dogs with AP and their association with death.

Animals: Thirty-one dogs diagnosed with AP based on clinical signs, ultrasonographic findings, and increased canine pancreatic lipase immunoreactivity (cPLI) and 51 healthy control dogs.

Efficacy of specific antivenom and fresh frozen plasma in reversing Daboia palaestinae venom-induced hemostatic derangement.

Objectives: To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of specific Daboia (Vipera) palaestinae (Dp) antivenom or fresh frozen plasma (FFP) against Dp venom-induced hemostatic changes DESIGN: In vitro study.

Setting: Laboratory of a university referral hospital.

Animals: Five healthy dogs.

Effect of pH and storage conditions on measured ionised calcium concentration in dogs and cats.

Background: Aerobic blood sample collection and processing results in increased serum pH and decreased ionised calcium (iCa) concentration. This prospective study aimed to determine the effect of pH and storage conditions on measured iCa concentration in serum samples obtained from dogs and cats and establish correction formulas for use in samples obtained aerobically.

Methods: Blood samples were collected from 44 dogs and 25 cats; iCa and pH were measured immediately under anaerobic conditions and in samples stored under several aerobic conditions.

Acute on chronic kidney disease in cats: Etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, prognostic markers, and outcome.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and acute decompensation of CKD (ACKD) are common in cats.

Objectives: To characterize the etiology, clinical and clinicopathologic findings, and the short- and long-term prognosis of feline ACKD.

Animals: One hundred cats with ACKD.