Circadian Regulation of Fatty Acid Metabolism in Humans: Is There Evidence of an Optimal Time Window for Maximizing Fat Oxidation During Exercise?

Exercise training performed at the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation improves cardiovascular function and metabolic health while simultaneously reducing visceral adipose tissue in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes. Indeed, it is currently considered an efficient non-pharmacological approach for the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic disorders. Over the last 5 years, several studies have reported a diurnal variation in both resting fat oxidation as well as maximal fat oxidation recorded during submaximal intensity exercise.

Impact of Exercise Training at Maximal Fat Oxidation Intensity on Metabolic and Epigenetic Parameters in Patients with Overweight and Obesity: Study Protocol of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

Exercise is an essential pillar for human health, as it contributes to physical, mental, and emotional well-being. Well-recognized international organizations, such as the World Health Organization, advocate for integrating exercise into healthy lifestyles, recognizing its importance in disease prevention and improving quality of life. However, despite the consensus on its value, there is no universal agreement on specific prescriptions for vulnerable groups, highlighting the need for personalized approaches that consider the unique characteristics and needs of everyone.

An Update of the Promise of Glycine Supplementation for Enhancing Physical Performance and Recovery.

Glycine, the simple amino acid, is a key component of muscle metabolism with proven cytoprotective effects and hypothetical benefits as a therapeutic nutrient. Cell, in vitro, and animal studies suggest that glycine enhances protection against muscle wasting by activating anabolic pathways and inhibiting proteolytic gene expression. Some evidence indicates that glycine supplementation may enhance peak power output, reduce lactic acid accumulation during high-intensity exercise, and improve sleep quality and recovery.

Acute Effect of Three Aerobic Exercise Intensities on Glomerular Filtration Rate in Healthy Older Adults.

Unlabelled: No consensus exists on whether acute aerobic exercise alters the glomerular filtration rate in older adults.

Objective: To assess the immediate effects of three aerobic exercise intensities on the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in healthy, sedentary older adults.

Methods: Eighteen healthy, sedentary older adults (ten men and eight women) voluntarily participated in this study.

Heuristic evaluation of body mass index with bioimpedance data in the Mexican population.

Introduction: given the problematic battle against cardio-metabolic diseases and the increase in computational power, different applications are being developed to help estimate overweight and obesity in the population. Objectives: to evaluate the body mass index (BMI) formula (kg/m2), taking body fat measured by bioimpedance as a reference and comparing it with variations of the same form obtained by applying algebraic transformation rules using an artificial intelligence heuristic search method. Material and methods: an artificial intelligence heuristic method was applied to search for the formula that most accurately calculates people's body fat percentage.

Enhanced Stature in the Elderly: The Immediate Impact of Acute Postural Exercises.

This study investigates the immediate effects of acute postural exercises on the stature of seniors, focusing on changes in both upright and supine stature measurements. A within-subject design with repeated measures was applied, involving seniors participating in continuous exercises aimed at enhancing core musculature strength and promoting muscle relaxation. Stature measurements were recorded pre- and post-exercise in both upright and supine positions, alongside assessments of body mass index (BMI) category classifications.

Reliability of the Metabolic Response During Steady-State Exercise at FATmax in Young Men with Obesity.

: In this study we evaluated the reliability of blood lactate levels (BLa), energy expenditure and substrate utilization during prolonged exercise at the intensity that elicits maximal fat oxidation (FATmax). Furthermore, we investigated the accuracy of a single graded exercise test (GXT) for predicting energy metabolism at FATmax. : Seventeen young men with obesity (26 ± 6 years; 36.

The polymorphism T1470A of the SLC16A1 gene is associated with the lactate and ventilatory thresholds but not with fat oxidation capacity in young men.

Purpose: To examine the association of the single nucleotide polymorphism A1470T in the SLC16A1 gene with blood lactate accumulation during a graded exercise test and its associated metaboreflex.

Methods: Forty-six Latin-American men (Age: 27 ± 6 years; Body fat: 17.5 ± 4.

Toward Exercise Guidelines for Optimizing Fat Oxidation During Exercise in Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Regression.

Background: Exercise training performed at maximal fat oxidation (FATmax) is an efficient non-pharmacological approach for the management of obesity and its related cardio-metabolic disorders.

Objectives: Therefore, this work aimed to provide exercise intensity guidelines and training volume recommendations for maximizing fat oxidation in patients with obesity.

Methods: A systematic review of original articles published in English, Spanish or French languages was carried out in EBSCOhost, PubMed and Scopus by strictly following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement.

FAT/CD36 Participation in Human Skeletal Muscle Lipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review.

Fatty acid translocase/cluster of differentiation 36 (FAT/CD36) is a multifunctional membrane protein activated by a high-fat diet, physical exercise, fatty acids (FAs), leptin, and insulin. The principal function of FAT/CD36 is to facilitate the transport of long-chain fatty acids through cell membranes such as myocytes, adipocytes, heart, and liver. Under high-energy expenditure, the different isoforms of FAT/CD36 in the plasma membrane and mitochondria bind to the mobilization and oxidation of FAs.

Food Selectivity and Its Implications Associated with Gastrointestinal Disorders in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Food selectivity (FS) in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) is common, and its impact on a nutritional level is known. However, the etiology of gastrointestinal disorders (GID) related to alterations in the intestinal microbiota in children with ASD remains unclear. This article provides a narrative review of the literature on FS from the last 15 years, and its relationship with GID in children with ASD.

Anthropometric Equations to Determine Maximum Height in Adults ≥ 60 Years: A Systematic Review.

Although it is common to measure bone lengths for study, methodological errors in data measurement and processing often invalidate their clinical and scientific usefulness. This manuscript reviews the validity of several published equations used to determine the maximum height in older adults, since height is an anthropometric parameter widely employed in health sciences. A systematic review of original articles published in the English, Spanish, or Portuguese languages was performed in PubMed, ScienceDirect, EBSCO, Springer Link, and two institutional publisher integrators (UACJ and CONRICYT).

Association Among Different Aerobic Threshold Markers and FATmax in Men With Obesity.

This work studies the interrelation of the first ventilatory threshold (VT1), the heart rate inflection point (HRIP), and the exercise intensity at which blood lactate started to accumulate (LIAB) or increased 1 mmol∙L-1 above baseline (LT+1.0); and examinee their association with the exercise intensity eliciting maximal fat oxidation (FATmax). Eighteen young men with obesity performed an incremental-load exercise test on a treadmill after overnight fasting.

[Functional feeding to alleviate gastrointestinal disorders associated with autism spectrum disorders: A systematic review].

Background: gastrointestinal disorders (GIDs) are common comorbidities in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASD); treatments with gluten- and casein-free (LGLC) diets or prebiotic/probiotic supplements may reduce the severity of GIDs. Objective: to integrate and discuss the evidence on the effectiveness of LGLC diet therapies and prebiotic/probiotic supplements on GIDs in patients with ASD. Methodology: the guidelines for the publication of systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) were used.

Biomarkers and genetic polymorphisms associated with maximal fat oxidation during physical exercise: implications for metabolic health and sports performance.

The maximal fat oxidation rate (MFO) assessed during a graded exercise test is a remarkable physiological indicator associated with metabolic flexibility, body weight loss and endurance performance. The present review considers existing biomarkers related to MFO, highlighting the validity of maximal oxygen uptake and free fatty acid availability for predicting MFO in athletes and healthy individuals. Moreover, we emphasize the role of different key enzymes and structural proteins that regulate adipose tissue lipolysis (i.

Exercise Fat Oxidation Is Positively Associated with Body Fatness in Men with Obesity: Defying the Metabolic Flexibility Paradigm.

Obesity is thought to be associated with a reduced capacity to increase fat oxidation in response to physical exercise; however, scientific evidence supporting this paradigm remains scarce. This study aimed to determine the interrelationship of different submaximal exercise metabolic flexibility (Metflex) markers and define its association with body fatness on subjects with obesity. Twenty-one male subjects with obesity performed a graded-intensity exercise protocol (Test 1) during which cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), maximal fat oxidation (MFO) and its corresponding exercise intensity (FATmax) were recorded.

Chronic Effect of Fatmax Training on Body Weight, Fat Mass, and Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Obese Subjects: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Exercise training performed at the maximal fat oxidation intensity (FMT) stands out as a potential treatment of overweight and obesity. This work is a meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials of studies about the effect of FMT on fat mass and maximal oxygen consumption using PubMed, SCOPUS, EBSCOhost, and ScienceDirect as databases. Two independent reviewers selected 11 trials from 356 publications identified by the following keywords: fatmax, lipoxmax, maximal fat oxidation, peak of fat oxidation, physical training, physical exercise, body fat (BF), fat mass, overweight, and obesity.

Systematic Physical Exercise and Supplementation Improve Body Composition, Cardiorespiratory Fitness, and Blood Lipid Profile: Correlations of a Randomized Double-Blind Controlled Trial.

Cardiovascular diseases are part of the highly preventable chronic diseases associated with changes in lifestyle. Within them, physical activity, low-fat and high-fiber diets are distinguished as the main support for prevention, even when supplementation with nutraceuticals has become a very common practice. Fifty-two young sedentary men with excess body weight (body mass index (BMI) ≥ 25 kg·m) were enrolled in a randomized-crossover controlled trial [six weeks of a systematic physical exercise with or placebo supplementation (4.

Hypolipidemic Effect of () Supplementation and a Systematic Physical Exercise Program in Overweight and Obese Men: A Double-Blind, Randomized, and Crossover Controlled Trial.

Low-fat diets, lipid-modifying nutraceuticals and a higher level of physical activity are often recommended to reduce dyslipidemia. A double-blind, randomized, crossover, controlled trial was designed to evaluate the independent and synergistic effects of () supplementation (4.5 g·day) with or without performing a physical exercise program (: aerobic exercise (3 days·week) + high-intensity interval training (2 days·week)) on blood lipids and BMI of 52 sedentary men with excess body weight.

Effect of Arthrospira (Spirulina) maxima Supplementation and a Systematic Physical Exercise Program on the Body Composition and Cardiorespiratory Fitness of Overweight or Obese Subjects: A Double-Blind, Randomized, and Crossover Controlled Trial.

Unlabelled: Excess weight and obesity are major risk factors for many chronic diseases, and weight-loss interventions often include systematic exercise and nutritional supplements. The purpose of this study was to determine the independent/synergistic effects of supplementation (six weeks, 4.5 g·day) and a systematic physical exercise program (six weeks, twice weekly) on the body composition and cardiorespiratory fitness of overweight and obese subjects.

Selected Physiological Effects of a Extract in Rats Fed with Different Hypercaloric Diets.

(GGG) rind extract is effective for reducing appetite, body weight and adiposity of obese rodents fed high-fat (HF), high-sugar (HS) or high fat/sugar (HFS)-based diets, but these effects have not been simultaneously evaluated. Thirty obese (~425 g) male Wistar rats were fed for eleven weeks with six hypercaloric diets (4.1 kcal/g; five rats/diet) non-supplemented (HF, HS, HFS), or supplemented (HF+, HS+, HFS+) with GGG extract (5.

Body shape as body image determinant in university students.

Introduction And Objectives: Body shape (BSP) and body image (BI) are part of the external physical structure, then modifications in body shape necessarily affect body image; however, both combined have not been studied. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the statistical relationship between BSP and BI in university students.

Method: Two hundred and ninety-six participants (17-35 years) were included in this study.

Body Image Satisfaction as a Physical Activity Indicator in University Students.

Objective: We examined the association of body image satisfaction (BIS) with physical activity (PA) in university athletes and non-athletes from northern Mexico.

Methods: In a non-probability cross-sectional study, 294 participants (51% male, 41% athletes; 18-35 years old) completed 2 self-administered questionnaires to evaluate BIS and PA. We categorized somatotypes (endomorphy-mesomorphy-ectomorphy) by international standardized anthropometry.

Double-blind randomised controlled trial of the independent and synergistic effect of with exercise (ISESE) on general fitness, lipid profile and redox status in overweight and obese subjects: study protocol.

Introduction: In order to reduce cardiovascular disease risk factors, a healthy diet must include dietary antioxidants from different sources (eg, ) and regular practice of exercise should be promoted. There is some evidence from animal studies that and exercise decrease cardiovascular disease risks factors. However, very few studies have proved the independent or synergistic effect of plus exercise in humans.