Intraluminal indocyanine green for intraoperative staple line leak testing in bariatric surgery.

Background: Bariatric surgical procedures have recognized benefits for morbidly obese patients. Unfortunately, staple line leaks remain a profound complication after these procedures. Currently available intraoperative surveillance modalities have multiple drawbacks, such as requiring an available upper endoscope and experienced endoscopist.

Virtual reality applied to procedural testing: the next era.

Objective: To establish the construct validity of a virtual reality-based upper gastrointestinal endoscopy simulator as a tool for the skills training of residents.

Summary Background Data: Previous studies have demonstrated the relevance of virtual reality training as an adjunct to traditional operating room learning for residents. The use of specific task trainers, which have the ability to objectively analyze and track user performance, has been shown to demonstrate improvements in performance over time.