Ultrasound-Derived Fat Fraction for Hepatic Steatosis Assessment: Prospective Study of Agreement With MRI PDFF and Sources of Variability in a Heterogeneous Population.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease is a growing global public health concern. Quantitative ultrasound measurements, such as ultrasound-derived fat fraction (UDFF), could provide noninvasive, cost-effective, and portable steatosis evaluation. The purpose of this article was to evaluate utility of UDFF for steatosis assessment using proton density fat fraction (PDFF) as reference in patients undergoing liver MRI for heterogeneous indications and to assess UDFF variability.

Machine learning assisted feature identification and prediction of hemodynamic endpoints using computed tomography in patients with CTEPH.

Chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a rare but potentially curable cause of pulmonary hypertension (PH). Currently PH is diagnosed by right heart catheterisation. Computed tomography (CT) is used for ruling out other causes and operative planning.

Feasibility of aortic aneurysm sac embolization using a novel shape memory polymer embolic device.

Background: We investigated the feasibility of aneurysm sac embolization using a novel self-expanding porous shape memory polymer (SMP) device during endovascular aortic abdominal or thoracic aneurysm repair (EVAR).

Methods: Retrospective analysis of consecutive patients treated at 2 centers in Germany. Patients were treated from January 2019 to July 2021 with follow-up at 7 days and 3, 6, and 12 months.

Endovascular Rescue Aortic Fenestration After Accidental False Lumen TEVAR in Type B Dissection.

Purpose: Unintended false-lumen thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) is under-reported and often fatal. We present percutaneous endovascular rescue techniques for true-lumen reperfusion with strategies to address the peripheral artery perfusion needs unique to each case.

Case Report: Two patients deteriorated 24 hours after uncomplicated and complicated acute aortic type-B dissection TEVAR treatment at a tertiary community hospital.

Iatrogenic arterio-biliary fistula and peripheral hepatic artery pseudoaneurysm after transjugular liver biopsy: complication management using a microvascular plug.

This study aimed to report on complication management in a 58-year-old woman referred for transjugular biopsy for the evaluation of unknown liver disease. After an initial uneventful biopsy procedure, the patient complained of severe upper abdominal pain. Laboratory tests revealed increasing liver enzymes.

Noninferiority of Monoparametric MRI Versus Multiparametric MRI for the Detection of Prostate Cancer: Diagnostic Accuracy of ADC Ratios Based on Advanced "Zoomed" Diffusion-Weighted Imaging.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic accuracy of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) ratios as a monoparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol for the detection of prostate cancer (PCa) with the established multiparametric (mp) MRI at 3.0 T.

Materials And Methods: According to power analysis, 52 male patients were included in this monocenter study with prospective data collection and retrospective, blinded multireader image analysis.

Beyond the d-dimer - Machine-learning assisted pre-test probability evaluation in patients with suspected pulmonary embolism and elevated d-dimers.

Introduction: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a leading cardiovascular cause of death, resembling a common indication for emergency computed tomography (CT). Nonetheless, in clinical routine most CTs performed for suspicion of PE excluded the suspected diagnosis. As patients with low to intermediate risk for PE are triaged according to the d-dimer, its relatively low specifity and widespread elevation among elderly might be an underlying issue.

Diagnostic Performance of a Lower-dose Contrast-Enhanced 4D Dynamic MR Angiography of the Lower Extremities at 3 T Using Multisegmental Time-Resolved Maximum Intensity Projections.

Background: For peripheral artery disease (PAD), MR angiography (MRA) is a well-established diagnostic modality providing morphologic and dynamic information comparable to digital subtraction angiography (DSA). However, relatively large amounts of contrast agents are necessary to achieve this.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of time-resolved 4D MR-angiography with interleaved stochastic trajectories (TWIST-MRA) by using maximum intensity projections (MIPs) of dynamic images acquired with reduced doses of contrast agent.

Safety of Catheter Embolization of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations-Evaluation of Possible Cerebrovascular Embolism after Catheter Embolization of Pulmonary Arteriovenous Malformations in Patients with Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia/Osler Disease by Pre- and Post-Interventional DWI.

This paper aimed to prospectively evaluate the safety of embolization therapy of pulmonary arteriovenous malformations (PAVMs) for the detection of cerebral infarctions by pre- and post-interventional MRI. Method One hundred and five patients (male/female = 44/61; mean age 48.6+/-15.

Diffusion-weighted MRI improves response assessment after definitive radiotherapy in patients with NSCLC.

Background: Computed tomography (CT) is the standard procedure for follow-up of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) after radiochemotherapy. CT has difficulties differentiating between tumor, atelectasis and radiation induced lung toxicity (RILT). Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) may enable a more accurate detection of vital tumor tissue.

Artifacts in Contrast-Enhanced Ultrasound during Follow-up after Endovascular Aortic Repair: Impact on Endoleak Detection in Comparison with Computed Tomography Angiography.

The study described here systematically analyzed how specific artifacts in contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) can affect the detection of endoleaks during follow-up after endovascular aortic repair (EVAR). Patients undergoing EVAR of atherosclerotic or mycotic abdominal aortic aneurysms using various standard and branched stent-graft material for visceral and iliac preservation were enrolled over 5 y and followed up with computed tomography angiography (CTA) and CEUS simultaneously. CEUS artifacts were frequently identified after EVAR procedures (59% of examinations) and were caused mainly by contrast agent, different prosthesis or embolization material and postinterventional changes in the aneurysm sac.

Volume-Function Analysis (LiMAx Test) in Patients with HCC and Cirrhosis Undergoing TACE-A Feasibility Study.

Background: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is an important therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in cirrhosis. In particular in advanced cirrhosis, post-TACE hepatic failure liver (PTHF) failure may develop. Currently, there is no standardization for the periinterventional risk assessment.

Establishment of Submillisievert Abdominal CT Protocols With an In Vivo Swine Model and an Anthropomorphic Phantom.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate radiation dose, effective dose, and image quality of different low-dose abdominal CT protocols in a swine model and an anthropomorphic phantom using a third-generation dual-source CT scanner. Four different abdominal low-dose protocols were established using a swine model and were regarded as diagnostic by two experienced radiologists on the basis of clarity and sharpness of anatomic structures. General image conditions such as noise and spatial resolution as well as diagnostic acceptability and artifacts were evaluated.

Single Angio-Seal vascular closure device for transfemoral access exceeding 8F.

Background: This was a retrospective single-center evaluation for off-label use of a single Angio-Seal-VIP 8F vascular closure device (VCD) (Terumo Interventional Systems, Somerset, NJ, USA) for retrograde transfemoral arterial access exceeding 8F.

Methods: Between 2010 and 2018, in 32 consecutive patients (3 females; mean age 67±9; range 46-86 years) retrograde femoral access was performed in 48 groins for aortoiliac stent or stent graft implantations using 9-14F sheaths. For vascular closure, one single Angio-Seal™-VIP 8F was used.

Life-threatening arterioureteral fistula treatment by endovascular complete anatomic iliac artery bifurcation reconstruction.

We present an endovascular approach for anatomic reconstruction of the iliac bifurcation in life-threatening arterioureteral fistula without sacrificing the pelvic arterial vascular supply. Five consecutive patients suffering from acute onset of significant gross hematuria caused by iliac-ureteral fistula resulting from previous oncologic surgery and radiation therapy were treated by transfemoral stent graft implantation in a double-barrel technique. Iliac-ureteral pseudoaneurysm coverage succeeded in an iliac neobifurcation with preservation of pelvic perfusion.

Predictive Power of Liver Maximum Function Capacity Test in Transjugular Intrahepatic Portosystemic Shunt Patients: A Pilot Study.

Background: Transjugular intrahepatic shunt (TIPSS) is placed in patients with variceal bleeding, refractory ascites, and for other indications. Postprocedural liver function-associated complications (LFAC), including hepatic encephalopathy (HE) and liver failure, represent a major setback. Current methods to predict complications are insufficient.

Evaluation of Gadopiclenol and P846, 2 High-Relaxivity Macrocyclic Magnetic Resonance Contrast Agents Without Protein Binding, in a Rodent Model of Hepatic Metastases: Potential Solutions for Improved Enhancement at Ultrahigh Field Strength.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo the enhancement properties of experimental gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast agents (GBCAs) with different molecular weights and hydration numbers (P846 and gadopiclenol) compared with clinically approved low-molecular, extracellular agents (gadopentetate and gadoterate) at 9.4 T and to discuss influencing factors on r1 relaxivities.

Methods And Materials: All experiments were performed with a 9.

Percutaneous endovascular tissue sampling of endoluminal tumors using directional atherectomy.

Objectives: To evaluate technical feasibility and safety of endovascular tumor specimen sampling using an escalating endovascular biopsy strategy using a directional atherectomy device compared with forceps biopsy and catheter aspiration.

Materials And Methods: Between 2013 and 2017, a cohort of ten consecutive patients (6 male; median age 56, range 39-73 years) was referred for sampling of endovascular masses. Localizations included the abdominal aorta (n = 4), left brachiocephalic vein (n = 2), inferior vena cava (n = 1), and left pulmonary artery (n = 3).

Presepsin and Inflammatory Markers Correlate With Occurrence and Severity of Nonocclusive Mesenteric Ischemia After Cardiovascular Surgery.

Objectives: To prospectively evaluate the relationship of established inflammatory markers and presepsin on nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia and to correlate presepsin levels to the occurrence and severity of nonocclusive mesenteric ischemia.

Design: Patients were prospectively enrolled and blood samples taken, followed by a retrospective evaluation of laboratory values and angiographic findings. The study was ethics committee approved.

Abdominal imaging dose in radiology and radiotherapy - Phantom point dose measurements, effective dose and secondary cancer risk.

Purpose: To compare abdominal imaging dose from 3D imaging in radiology (standard/low-dose/dual-energy CT) and radiotherapy (planning CT, kV cone-beam CT (CBCT)).

Methods: Dose was measured by thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLD's) placed at 86 positions in an anthropomorphic phantom. Point, organ and effective dose were assessed, and secondary cancer risk from imaging was estimated.

Occurrence and severity of non-occlusive mesenteric ischemia (NOMI) after cardiovascular surgery correlate with preoperatively assessed FGF-23 levels.

Purpose: To evaluate the value of preoperatively assessed fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF-23) levels and to correlate FGF-23 with angiographic findings in non-occlusive mesenteric (NOMI) ischemia using a standardized scoring system.

Materials And Methods: Between 2/2011 and 3/2012 a total of 865 patients (median age: 67 years) underwent cardiovascular surgery during this ethics committee approved, prospective study. 65 of these patients had clinical suspicion of NOMI and consequently underwent catheter angiography of the superior mesenteric artery.

Magnetic Resonance Lymphography at 9.4 T Using a Gadolinium-Based Nanoparticle in Rats: Investigations in Healthy Animals and in a Hindlimb Lymphedema Model.

Objectives: Magnetic resonance lymphography (MRL) in small animals is a promising but challenging tool in preclinical lymphatic research. In this study, we compared the gadolinium (Gd)-based nanoparticle AGuIX with Gd-DOTA for interstitial MRL in healthy rats and in a chronic rat hindlimb lymphedema model.

Materials And Methods: A comparative study with AGuIX and Gd-DOTA for interstitial MRL was performed in healthy Lewis rats (n = 6).

Three-dimensional ultrashort echo time MRI and Short T images generated from subtraction for determination of tumor burden in lung cancer: Preclinical investigation in transgenic mice.

Purpose: To investigate the potential of 3D ultrashort echo time MRI and short T images generated by subtraction for determination of total tumor burden in lung cancer.

Methods: As an animal model of spontaneously developing non-small cell lung cancer, the K-rasLA1 transgenic mouse was used. Three-dimensional MR imaging was performed with radial k-space acquisition and echo times of 20 µs and 1 ms.