Correlation between occlusal abnormalities and parameters investigated by three-dimensional facial photography.

Objective: To clarify, by three-dimensional (3D) facial scans, if 4- to 6-year-old children with intraoral sagittal discrepancies and open-bite occlusion show differences in facial morphology when compared to children without anomalies.

Materials And Methods: Scans of 290 children presenting with occlusal abnormalities were compared to 1772 face scans of age-matched individuals photographed with a faceSCAN II® 3D data acquisition system. From these, three study groups were formed comprising 188 children with distal occlusion/increased overjet (Class II), 37 with mesial occlusion/inverse overjet (Class III), and 65 with open-bite occlusion.

Time-dependent analysis and representation of force distribution and occlusion contact in the masticatory cycle.

Objective: Until now, the exact timing of force buildup and the distribution of contact points during occlusion have not been analyzed in sufficient detail. Investigations published so far have tended to focus on force curve measurements on single teeth or on a static point in time in the entire dental arch. The objective of this study was to describe precisely and analyze force relations in the dental arch over the course of time and in correlation with their antagonistic dental contact points via instrumental occlusal analysis (T-Scan III; Cumdente, Tübingen, Germany).

Effects of extraction treatment on maxillary and mandibular sagittal development in growing patients.

This retrospective investigation was designed to assess the effects of extraction treatment on the sagittal dimensions of the maxillary and mandibular skeletal structures of growing patients. The records of 40 patients (17 girls, 23 boys; median age 10 years 11 months) whose orthodontic treatment involved extraction of four premolars were evaluated and compared with a control group of 100 patients (54 girls, 46 boys; median age 10 years 7 months) treated non-extraction. Two lateral cephalograms were obtained of each patient, the first before the extractions, T1, and the second at a later point, T2 (mean difference 59 months).

Changes in upper airway width associated with Class II treatments (headgear vs activator) and different growth patterns.

Objective: To investigate the upper airways for anteroposterior width against different growth patterns and for alterations during various Class II treatments.

Materials And Methods: Cephalograms from three treatment groups (headgear, activator, and bite-jumping appliance) were evaluated by a single investigator at baseline and at the end of orthodontic treatment. Cephalograms were used to determine upper airway width at different levels in the anteroposterior plane.

Precision of an instrumentation-based method of analyzing occlusion and its resulting distribution of forces in the dental arch.

Background And Objective: In practice, analysis of occlusion is reduced to depicting it with color-marking foils. Precise analysis that incorporates time resolution and plots the distribution of forces within the occlusion is not possible in the everyday clinical situation with the usual methods. T-Scan(®) III is a computer-assisted dental occlusion analyzer that depicts occlusion by means of pressure-sensitive foils.

Cephalometric analysis of molar and anterior tooth movement during cervical headgear treatment in relation to growth patterns.

Objective: In this study we aimed to identify the reasons why cervical headgear treatment fails to induce bite opening or clockwise rotation of the mandible in the presence of a vertical growth pattern. In so doing, we investigated the dental effects of headgear treatment relative to growth patterns.

Materials And Methods: Records of 119 patients were analyzed, including casts and lateral cephalograms that had been obtained immediately before and after isolated cervical headgear treatment.

Dislocation of an upper third molar by an ossifying fibroma--case report.

Background: The occurrence of ossifying fibromas (OFs) in childhood and adolescence has been described in the literature, along with different courses of the disease due to different growth rates.

Case Report: In the case of the 15-year-old female patient presented here, an OF resulted in displacement of a maxillary third molar far into the maxillary sinus. It is assumed that the tumour originated coronal to the affected tooth 18.

Early treatment to correct Class III relations with or without face masks.

Objective: To determine what therapeutic effects can be expected in the case of early treatment of Class III relations with removable appliances with or without face masks.

Materials And Methods: Records available at the university clinic of Tübingen for 41 patients who had undergone early treatment because of prognathic abnormalities were retrospectively evaluated. Lateral cephalograms taken and casts obtained at baseline and at the end of early treatment were included in the analysis.

Angles of facial convexity in different skeletal Classes.

The objective of this study was to investigate whether it is possible to use a lateral (profile) photograph to determine the underlying skeletal Class and which reference points of the angle of convexity are most suitable for this purpose. Profile photographs and lateral cephalographs included in the baseline data for 180 orthodontic patients were retrospectively evaluated. The subjects were assigned to skeletal Classes based on Wits values obtained by radiolographic analysis.

Cervical headgear treatment and growth patterns: analysis by lateral cephalometry.

Objective: Retrospective cephalometric study of changes in vertical and sagittal relations after headgear treatment depending on preexisting growth patterns.

Materials And Methods: Lateral cephalograms obtained from 119 patients before and after headgear treatment were analyzed. All patients were treated with headgears exclusively.

Effects of cervical headgear on overbite against the background of existing growth patterns. A retrospective analysis of study casts.

Objective: To test the questions "Does cervical headgear treatment necessarily lead to a reduction of overbite?" and "Are there differences in treatment results due to different growth patterns or the initial overbite?"

Materials And Methods: Initial and intermediary casts of 247 patients who had been treated exclusively with headgear were analyzed for changes in the occlusal relationship of the first molars and overbite. Orthodontic treatment consisted of the application of cervical headgear with nonangulated external arms applied at a force of 3.5-4.

Treating Class II patients with removable plates and functional orthopedic appliances-the importance of anterior tooth inclination and direction of growth on treatment outcome.

Objective: To determine the influence of physiological growth pattern and anterior tooth inclination on the outcome in Class II patients treated with removable orthodontic plates and functional orthodontic appliances.

Patients And Methods: After recruiting 50 patients with an upper anterior proclination of 1-SN >or= 107 degrees for this retrospective study, another 50 patients with a retroclination of 1-SN View Article and Find Full Text PDF

Molar and canine occlusal changes in study casts before and after treatment with cervical headgears.

Aim: We carried out a retrospective study on 246 pairs of casts to compare the extent of changes in occlusal relationship and overjet reduction induced by cervical headgears. MATERIAL AMD METHODS: Molar-canine occlusal relationships and overjet were determined from study casts made immediately before headgear treatment. Those findings were then compared to another cast made immediately after headgear monotherapy and before multiband-appliance administration.

Retrospective analysis of casts to assess cervical headgear treatment in the presence of vertical growth pattern.

Objective: Does molar distalization as effected by cervical headgear increase the vertical dimension of occlusion in patients with vertical growth pattern?

Materials And Methods: A sample of 86 patients with neutral and vertical growth pattern in the late mixed dentition stage underwent headgear treatment. Their initial and intermediary casts were retrospectively analyzed for occlusal relationships at the maxillary first molars and degrees of overjet and overbite. The only cases included were those in which headgear treatment was carried on for at least 6 months, achieving a minimum distalization of 4 mm.

Perceived relative attractiveness of facial profiles with varying degrees of skeletal anomalies.

Objective: The objective of this study was to answer the following questions: Are profiles of Class I patients perceived as more attractive than profiles of Class II or Class III patients in Germany today? How pronounced must a skeletal malocclusion be to be perceived as less attractive? Are there differences in perception between dentists and laypersons?

Material And Method: For the present study we examined seven patients with skeletal Class I, orthognathic maxillae and mandibles, and straight average faces (ideal biometric face as defined by A. M. Schwarz).