Improving the reliability of small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements of anisotropic precipitates in metallic alloys using sample rotation.

Nanometric precipitates in metallic alloys often have highly anisotropic shapes. Given the large grain size and non-random texture typical of these alloys, performing small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS/WAXS) measurements on such samples for determining their characteristics (typically size and volume fraction) results in highly anisotropic and irreproducible data. Rotations of flat samples during SAXS/WAXS acquisitions are presented here as a solution to these anisotropy issues.

Relevance of I-FP-CIT SPECT prescriptions for the diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes.

I-FP-CIT SPECT enables the detection of presynaptic dopaminergic denervation. It allows to differentiate degenerative parkinsonian syndromes from secondary parkinsonian syndromes or essential tremor, and patients with suspected dementia with Lewy bodies from those with other dementia subtypes. The aim of our study was to evaluate the appropriateness of I-FP-CIT SPECT prescriptions, identify prescriber profiles and analyze changes in prescriptions over a decade in the Neurology department of Avicenne University hospital.

Laue microdiffraction on polycrystalline samples above 1500 K achieved with the QMAX-µLaue furnace.

X-ray Laue microdiffraction aims to characterize microstructural and mechanical fields in polycrystalline specimens at the sub-micrometre scale with a strain resolution of ∼10. Here, a new and unique Laue microdiffraction setup and alignment procedure is presented, allowing measurements at temperatures as high as 1500 K, with the objective to extend the technique for the study of crystalline phase transitions and associated strain-field evolution that occur at high temperatures. A method is provided to measure the real temperature encountered by the specimen, which can be critical for precise phase-transition studies, as well as a strategy to calibrate the setup geometry to account for the sample and furnace dilation using a standard α-alumina single crystal.

Takotsubo syndrome linked to paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity as a postoperative complication after brain tumor removal: a case report and literature review.

Paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) is a relatively common syndrome typically observed following traumatic brain injury (TBI). It manifests through a combination of non-specific symptoms that collectively define its presentation. Linked to sympathetic hyperactivity, takotsubo syndrome is a cardiomyopathy marked by left ventricular dysfunction and may coincide with PSH.

Valuing patient perspectives in the context of eating disorders.

Purpose: This paper advocates for the inclusion of patient perspectives in the diagnosis and treatment of eating disorders (EDs) for ethical, epistemological, and pragmatic reasons. We build upon the ideas of a recent editorial published in this journal. Using EDs as their example, the authors argue against dominant DSM-oriented approaches in favor of an increased focus on understanding patients' subjective experiences.

Organization of psychosocial factors associated with worry about acquiring SARS-CoV-2 among women undergoing cancer treatment: an empirical network comparison approach.

Objectives: Pandemic-induced anxiety can have adverse mental and somatic health consequences on cancer patients (CP). This study aimed to (1) explore the intricate relationships between worry related to potential SARS-CoV-2 infection, COVID-19 perception, sociodemographic factors, and the perceived effectiveness of lockdown measures and (2) investigate if these relationships differ between cancer patients and individuals without a history of cancer (IWHC).

Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional quantitative study in France between December 1 and 14, 2020.

Cascading One-Pot Synthesis of Biodegradable Uronic Acid-Based Surfactants from Oligoalginates, Semi-Refined Alginates, and Crude Brown Seaweeds.

The present article describes a one-pot and cascade mode process using biocompatible/biodegradable reagents, for simply obtaining surfactant compositions comprising mixtures of d-mannuronic acid and l-guluronic acid directly from oligoalginates or semi-refined alginates (mixtures of alginate, cellulose, hemicellulose, laminaran, and fucan). Simple treatments of partial purification of the reaction crudes (elimination of the salts and/or the residual fatty alcohols) or isolation of the surfactant compositions result in sugar-based compounds having performance levels appropriate to applications in detergency. In addition, the challenging extension of this cascading one-pot synthesis technology to crude milled brown seaweeds was successfully carried out to provide promising surface-active compositions made up of alkyl uronate and alkyl glycoside monosaccharides.

Bone bending strength and BMD of female athletes in volleyball, soccer, and long-distance running.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to determine whether sports training comprised of (1) high-impact loading sport in volleyball (VOL), (2) odd impact loading sport in soccer (SOC), and (3) low impact sport in distance running (RUN) were associated with tibial bending strength and calcaneus bone mineral density (BMD), and ulnar bending strength and wrist BMD.

Method: Female athletes comprised of 13 VOL, 22 SOC, and 22 RUN participated in the study. Twenty-three female non-athletes (NA) served as the comparison group.

Impact of cardiac surgical timing on the neurodevelopmental outcomes of newborns with Complex congenital heart disease (CHD).

Background: More than half of infants with complex congenital heart disease (CHD) will have a neurodevelopmental disorder of multifactorial causes. The preoperative period represents a time-window during which neonates with complex CHD are in a state of hypoxia and hemodynamic instability, which fosters the emergence of brain injuries and, thus, affects early brain networks and neurodevelopmental outcomes. Currently, there is no consensus regarding the optimal age for cardiac surgery in terms of neurodevelopmental outcomes, and its definition is a real challenge.

A compact-rigid multi-analyser for energy and angle filtering of high-resolution X-ray experiments. Part 2. Efficiency of a single-crystal-comb.

Diffraction instruments using filtering by one or several analyser crystals exist since the 1980s and 1990s at synchrotron radiation sources, but, due to its low efficiency, this filtering is little used on laboratory sources. In order to overcome this limitation, the efficiency of a small diffraction filtering multi-analyzer block (MAD block) realized with a `single-crystal-comb' curved on a rigid support is demonstrated here. The geometry of this curved surface is logarithmic spiral and is optimized to allow multi-filtering over a relatively important diffraction angular range and to be also applicable over an X-ray spectral range.

Loving Objects: Can Autism Explain Objectophilia?

Objectophilia (also known as objectum-sexuality) involves romantic and sexual attraction to specific objects. Objectophiles often develop deep and enduring emotional, romantic, and sexual relations with specific inanimate (concrete or abstract) objects such as trains, bridges, cars, or words. The determinants of objectophilia are poorly understood.

Evaluating the coverage and quality of nutrition programs via a bottom-up approach: A secondary analysis of real-time data from an end-user monitoring system in Ethiopia.

Over the last two decades, great efforts and investments have been made in Ethiopia to ensure that all children have equal access to nutrition services in health facilities. While quality health systems are a prerequisite for quality nutrition services, little attention has been given to the evaluation of the supply and delivery services. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the coverage and quality of the nutrition-specific interventions delivered through the health system.

[Development of advanced practice nursing in oncology and hematology-oncology in France: Early status report].

Background: Advanced practice nursing was introduced in France in 2018, in response to health needs. The first advanced practice nurses were graduated since 2019 and were trained in one among four medical areas including oncology and onco-hematology. The purpose of this article is to make an early assessment of the development of the profession of oncology Advanced Practice Nurse in France.

Association between body mass index, bone bending strength, and BMD in young sedentary women.

Unlabelled: The rationale was to determine whether body mass index (BMI) is a predictor of bone bending strength and bone mineral density (BMD) in young sedentary women. Results show that BMI is not a predictor of bone bending strength and that young women with low BMI also have low BMD.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to determine whether body mass index (BMI) is a predictor of tibial or ulnar bending strength and bone mineral density (BMD) in sedentary women.

Effect of 6-month high-impact step aerobics and resistance training on BMD and tibial bending strength in sedentary premenopausal women.

Unlabelled: The rationale of this study was to examine the effectiveness of 6-month high-impact step aerobics (SA) or moderate-intensity resistance training exercise (RT) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone bending strength in sedentary women. Results show that SA enhanced BMD in the heel, lower leg, and lumbar spine 2.

Introduction: To determine the effectiveness of 6 months of high-impact step aerobics (SA) or moderate-intensity resistance training (RT) on areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and tibial bending strength in sedentary premenopausal women.

Full reciprocal-space mapping up to 2000 K under controlled atmosphere: the multipurpose QMAX furnace.

A furnace that covers the temperature range from room temperature up to 2000 K has been designed, built and implemented on the D2AM beamline at the ESRF. The QMAX furnace is devoted to the full exploration of the reciprocal hemispace located above the sample surface. It is well suited for symmetric and asymmetric 3D reciprocal space mapping.

Correlations Between Mutant Huntingtin Aggregates and Behavioral Changes in R6/1 Mice.

Background: Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the expansion of the trinucleotide CAG in the HD gene. While the presence of nuclear aggregates of mutant huntingtin (mHtt) in neurons is a hallmark of HD, the reason behind its toxicity remains elusive.

Objective: The present study was conducted to assess a correlation between the number of mHtt aggregates and the severity of HD symptoms in R6/1 mice.

Changes in Echocardiographic Parameters among Beninese Soccer Referees during the Division 1 Championship in 2016.

Introduction: The goal of this study was to describe the echocardiographic parameters of soccer referees and to examine the changes in these parameters after a period of intensive physical exercise.

Methods And Patients: We conducted a prospective study that included Beninese soccer referees. The study of the geometry and function of the left ventricle (LV) was made at the beginning and end of the national Division 1 championship, which was held during the course of 10 weeks.

[Impact of beauty and well-being care assessed in a national survey including 1166 individuals].

Introduction: Research has suggested a high level of satisfaction following beauty and well-being care in oncology. We aimed to assess perception of beauty and well-being care in a large sample of patients affected by cancer.

Methods: From June through August, 2017, a physical and online survey was conducted recruiting patients affected by cancer and their relatives.

New bio-based monomers: tuneable polyester properties using branched diols from biomass.

A family of monomers, including 2,5-hexandiol, 2,7-octandiol, 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA), terephthalic acid (TA), and branched-chain adipic and pimelic acid derivatives, all find a common derivation in the biomass-derived platform molecule 5-(chloromethyl)furfural (CMF). The diol monomers, previously little known to polymer chemistry, have been combined with FDCA and TA derivatives to produce a range of novel polyesters. It is shown that the use of secondary diols leads to polymers with higher glass transition temperatures (T) than those prepared from their primary diol equivalents.

Electrochemical Coupling of Biomass-Derived Acids: New C Platforms for Renewable Polymers and Fuels.

Electrolysis of biomass-derived carbonyl compounds is an alternative to condensation chemistry for supplying products with chain length >C for biofuels and renewable materials production. Kolbe coupling of biomass-derived levulinic acid is used to obtain 2,7-octanedione, a new platform molecule only two low process-intensity steps removed from raw biomass. Hydrogenation to 2,7-octanediol provides a chiral secondary diol largely unknown to polymer chemistry, whereas intramolecular aldol condensation followed by hydrogenation yields branched cycloalkanes suitable for use as high-octane, cellulosic gasoline.