Shaping tomorrow: how the STEP training course pioneered noninvasive brain stimulation training for psychiatry in France.

Over the past three decades, non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) techniques have gained worldwide attention and demonstrated therapeutic potential in various medical fields, particularly psychiatry. The emergence of these novel techniques has led to an increased need for robust training programs to provide practitioners, whether clinicians or scientists, with the necessary skills and knowledge. In response, a comprehensive training curriculum for NIBS in psychiatry has been developed in France.

White matter microstructure in obesity and bipolar disorders: an ENIGMA bipolar disorder working group study in 2186 individuals.

Although specific risk factors for brain alterations in bipolar disorders (BD) are currently unknown, obesity impacts the brain and is highly prevalent in BD. Gray matter correlates of obesity in BD have been well documented, but we know much less about brain white matter abnormalities in people who have both obesity and BD. We obtained body mass index (BMI) and diffusion tensor imaging derived fractional anisotropy (FA) from 22 white matter tracts in 899 individuals with BD, and 1287 control individuals from 20 cohorts in the ENIGMA-BD working group.

Antipsychotic medication in people with intellectual disability and schizophrenia: A 25-year updated systematic review and cross-sectional study.

Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of antipsychotic medication for treating individuals with a dual diagnosis of intellectual disability (ID) and schizophrenia.

Methods: We systematically reviewed the literature to explore the risks and benefits of antipsychotics for schizophrenia in ID. In addition, a cross-sectional retrospective study on the tolerance profiles of a representative ID and schizophrenia cohort was conducted.

Simulation-based teaching of psychiatric interviewing to residents: A comparison of peer-to-peer and teacher role-play on confidence in clinical skills.

Objective: To compare the effects of two simulation-based teaching programs of psychiatric interviewing using two role-play modalities on first-year psychiatry residents' confidence in their psychiatric clinical skills.

Methods: The teaching program consisted of seven 2-hour sessions per month led by two psychiatrists and academic teachers. In the peer-to-peer role-play group, students played either the patient's or doctor's role, and case scenarios were proposed by the students; in the teacher role-play group, a teacher played the patient' role and case scenarios were written by teachers.

Reward and punishment learning deficits among bipolar disorder subtypes.

Background: Reward sensitivity is an essential dimension related to mood fluctuations in bipolar disorder (BD), but there is currently a debate around hypersensitivity or hyposensitivity hypotheses to reward in BD during remission, probably related to a heterogeneous population within the BD spectrum and a lack of reward bias evaluation. Here, we examine reward maximization vs. punishment avoidance learning within the BD spectrum during remission.

A systematic review of pharmacotherapy for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents with bipolar disorders.

Introduction: The data suggests that in children and adolescents, bipolar disorder (BD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be strongly correlated. Even though drugs for ADHD and BD are largely accepted, there is relatively little research on the management of comorbidity in children and adolescents, particularly in terms of safety. We provide a synthesis of these findings because one hasn't been made yet.

Effort-Cost Decision-making Among Individuals With Schizophrenia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Importance: Motivational impairments in schizophrenia are by definition associated with poor outcome. It is postulated that the reduction of goal-directed behavior arises from abnormal trade-offs between rewards and efforts.

Objective: To examine whether schizophrenia is associated with impairments in effort-cost decision-making.

Efficacy and auditory biomarker analysis of fronto-temporal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) in targeting cognitive impairment associated with recent-onset schizophrenia: study protocol for a multicenter randomized double-blind sham-controlled trial.

Background: In parallel to the traditional symptomatology, deficits in cognition (memory, attention, reasoning, social functioning) contribute significantly to disability and suffering in individuals with schizophrenia. Cognitive deficits have been closely linked to alterations in early auditory processes (EAP) that occur in auditory cortical areas. Preliminary evidence indicates that cognitive deficits in schizophrenia can be improved with a reliable and safe non-invasive brain stimulation technique called tDCS (transcranial direct current stimulation).

Combination of two long-acting injectable antipsychotics in treatment-resistant schizophrenia: A retrospective 12-month mirror-image study.

To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the combination of two long-acting injections of antipsychotics (dual-LAIs) in non-adherent and resistant schizophrenia. Efficacy and tolerability were assessed in 13 patients admitted to a French hospital, using a retrospective 12-month mirror-image design. The number and total duration of hospitalizations significantly decreased after introducing dual-LAIs (2.

Management of schizophrenia in women during the perinatal period: a synthesis of international recommendations.

Introduction: The perinatal period in schizophrenia is associated with high risk of psychotic relapse and pregnancy/child outcomes. The extent to which antipsychotics may potentially affect the fetus or the child development is unclear and debated. Even though guidelines have been developed, there is a lack of consensual recommendations regarding the optimal strategy to manage schizophrenia during the perinatal period.

Experience, impact and needs of informal parental caregivers around the communication of a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Aims: To qualitatively characterize the experience, impact and needs of informal family caregivers around the communication of a diagnosis of schizophrenia.

Methods: In all, 13 informal family caregivers were recruited. All were parents.

Sleep disturbances in early clinical stages of psychotic and bipolar disorders: A meta-analysis.

Objective: To provide a qualitative view and quantitative measure of sleep disturbances across and between early stages - clinical ultra high-risk and first episode - of psychotic and bipolar disorders.

Methods: Electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, PsychINFO) were searched up to March 2021 for studies comparing sleep measures between individuals with an early stage and controls. Standard mean deviations (Cohen's effect sizes) were calculated for all comparisons and pooled with random-effects models.

The Impact of Wearing a Face Mask on the Psychiatric Interview: a National Survey During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

The COVID-19 pandemic has forced to rapidly encourage the use of face masks during medical consultations, with significant implication for psychiatry. This study examined the opinions and attitudes of psychiatrists toward the impact of wearing a face mask on the psychiatric interview. 513 psychiatrists and trainee psychiatrists completed an electronic survey about the impact of wearing a face mask on the psychiatric interview.

Punding Behavior as a Red Flag for Dementia in a Patient With Depression: Case Report.

Punding is defined as a stereotypic, complex, repetitive, and non-goal-oriented activity. This behavior has been observed in Parkinson's disease and chronic amphetamine users. However, in general, punding behavior is largely under-diagnosed.

Pharmacological treatment profiles in the FACE-BD cohort: Treatment description and complete data for bipolar subtypes.

In the current study, we provide the list of pharmacological interventions applied during the one-year follow-up period of the Pharmacological treatment profiles in the FACE-BD cohort study. These data show the treatments used in the new clusters formed in this previous study and also in usual bipolarity subtypes. The proportion of each treatment used during the follow-up was calculated.

Pharmacological treatment profiles in the FACE-BD cohort: An unsupervised machine learning study, applied to a nationwide bipolar cohort.

Background: Despite thorough and validated clinical guidelines based on bipolar disorders subtypes, large pharmacological treatment heterogeneity remains in these patients. There is limited knowledge about the different treatment combinations used and their influence on patient outcomes. We attempted to determine profiles of patients based on their treatments and to understand the clinical characteristics associated with these treatment profiles.

What we learn about bipolar disorder from large-scale neuroimaging: Findings and future directions from the ENIGMA Bipolar Disorder Working Group.

MRI-derived brain measures offer a link between genes, the environment and behavior and have been widely studied in bipolar disorder (BD). However, many neuroimaging studies of BD have been underpowered, leading to varied results and uncertainty regarding effects. The Enhancing Neuro Imaging Genetics through Meta-Analysis (ENIGMA) Bipolar Disorder Working Group was formed in 2012 to empower discoveries, generate consensus findings and inform future hypothesis-driven studies of BD.