[Antidepressants, anxiolytics and hypnotics prescribed to young adults before and after an economic crisis in Iceland - A cross-sectional study at the Primary Health Care of Reykjavik capital area].

Background: According to research findings, the financial crisis hitting Iceland in the autumn of 2008 caused both economic and health-related effects on the Icelandic population. It has been well known that the Icelandic population uses more antidepressants, anxiolytics and hypnotics compared to other Nordic countries. The aim of this research was to study the trend in prescription for these drugs by the Primary Health Care of Reykjavik capital area to young adults, during the years prior to and following the crisis.

Giant gastric lipoma successfully removed by endoscopic submucosal dissection: case report and systematic review.

Objectives: Gastric lipomas are rare adipose tumors that constitute less than 1% of gastric tumors. While lipomas generally do not need removal unless symptomatic, endoscopic resection has been proposed as safe for gastric lipomas smaller than 2 cm. Yet, there is no consensus on the optimal treatment method for larger lipomas.

Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 and Resistance Exercise in Community Dwelling Old Adults.

Background: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is related to the preservation of lean body mass. Its decline during ageing is thought to make old adults more susceptible to sarcopenia and functional dependency. The aim of the present study was to investigate circulating total IGF-1 in old adults who engaged in a 12-weeks of progressive resistance training.

Muscular strength and physical function in elderly adults 6-18 months after a 12-week resistance exercise program.

Aims: Benefits of resistance exercise in elderly people are well documented; however, sustaining these benefits can be difficult and adherence is often poor. Muscular strength and physical function usually decline after a supervised resistance exercise program (REP). We investigated these changes in older adults during an observational follow-up and whether leisure time physical activity (LTPA) or unsupervised resistance exercise (RE) limit these changes.

Changes in body composition and use of blood cholesterol lowering drugs predict changes in blood lipids during 12 weeks of resistance exercise training in old adults.

Purpose: Aging is associated with an impairment of blood lipids. The present study investigated the response of blood lipids to resistance exercise in old adults. The particular aim was to investigate whether the response of blood lipids is associated with changes in body composition of blood lipid medication.

Dietary protein intake is associated with lean body mass in community-dwelling older adults.

Lean body mass (LBM) is important to maintain physical function during aging. We hypothesized that dietary protein intake and leisure-time physical activity are associated with LBM in community-dwelling older adults. To test the hypothesis, participants (n = 237; age, 65-92 years) did 3-day weighed food records and reported physical activity.

Effects of whey proteins and carbohydrates on the efficacy of resistance training in elderly people: double blind, randomised controlled trial.

Background/objectives: A few previous studies indicate that protein supplementation increases gains in muscle mass and strength during a resistance exercise program. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether whey protein supplementation results in greater increases in lean body mass, muscle strength and physical function in elderly individuals during 12 weeks of resistance exercise when compared to isocaloric carbohydrate supplementation.

Subjects/methods: A total of 161 men and women, 65-91 years old, participated in a randomized, controlled, double-blind intervention study, involving dietary supplementation and a 12-week resistance exercise program, designed to increase muscle mass and strength of all major muscle groups.

Glomerular filtration rate after a 12-wk resistance exercise program with post-exercise protein ingestion in community dwelling elderly.

Objective: Increased protein intake and resistance exercise can be beneficial for maintenance of lean body mass (LBM) in older adults. However, these factors could also negatively affect renal function. We investigated changes in renal function after a 12-wk resistance exercise program combined with protein supplementation in community dwelling older adults.

[Dietary habits and their association with blood pressure among elderly Icelandic people].

Objective: Prevalence of hypertension, which is the most common risk factor for cardiovascular disease in elderly people, increases with age. The aim of the study was to investigate the association between diet and blood pressure in elderly Icelanders, with focus on cod liver oil, and to compare their diet to dietary guidelines.

Material And Methods: Diet was assessed using three-day weighed food records and blood pressure was measured after a 12-hour-fast in 236, 65-91 years old, Icelanders living in the capital area of Iceland.

Effect of 12-week resistance exercise program on body composition, muscle strength, physical function, and glucose metabolism in healthy, insulin-resistant, and diabetic elderly Icelanders.

Background: Insulin is a stimulator of skeletal muscle protein anabolism and insulin resistance might therefore negatively affect muscle protein metabolism. We investigated muscle mass and physical function before and after a resistance exercise program in participants with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in comparison to healthy controls.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of a randomized controlled intervention designed to investigate resistance training among older adults.

Physical function predicts improvement in quality of life in elderly Icelanders after 12 weeks of resistance exercise.

Background: Little is known about the effects of resistance training on health related quality of life (HRQL) in the elderly.

Aim: The main purpose of the study was to investigate the effects of resistance training on strength, body composition, functional capacity and HRQL in independent living elderly people. We hypothesised that resistance training would improve lean mass, muscle strength, physical function and HRQL.

Sensory analysis and consumer surveys of fat- and salt-reduced meat products and their use in an energy-reduced diet in overweight individuals.

Meat and meat products are of high nutritional value; however, they frequently provide salt and fat in high amounts, which can have negative health effects when consumed in excess. We investigated salt- and fat-reduced meat products, i.e.

Regional and total body bioelectrical impedance analysis compared with DXA in Icelandic elderly.

Background/objectives: The aims were (1) to compare fat free mass (FFM) estimates from regional hand-held bioelectrical impedance analysis (HHBIA) with conventional BIA (CBIA) and dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and (2) to develop a population specific equation for FFM prediction in Icelandic elderly.

Subjects/methods: DXA, CBIA and HHBIA data were available for 98 free-living Icelandic elderly (age=73.0 ± 5.

Gender difference in the prediction of weight loss by leptin among overweight adults.

Background/aim: Leptin plays an important role in energy metabolism. The primary objective of the study was to investigate whether baseline leptin levels predict weight loss during a dietary intervention in overweight and obese individuals.

Methods: A total of 324 individuals (138 men and 186 women, aged 20-40 years, BMI 27.

[Laparoscopic cholecystectomy. The first 400 cases at Akureyri Central Hospital.].

Objective: To assess the outcome of the first 400 laparoscopic cholecystectomies (LC) in Akureyri Central Hospital (FSA), Iceland.

Methods: We carried out a prospective study of LCs performed between July 1992 and February 2001. Primary endpoints were complication- and conversion rate, hospital stay and duration of convalescence.

Inflammatory mediators sensitize acutely axotomized nerve fibers to mechanical stimulation in the rat.

Many axotomized myelinated as well as unmyelinated cutaneous nerve fibers are sensitive to mechanical stimuli applied to the cut nerve end within a few hours after nerve lesion. Here we investigated the influence of inflammatory mediators on this ectopic mechanosensitivity after cutting and ligating the sural nerve in anesthetized rats. Neural activity was recorded from single axons in filaments teased from the sural or sciatic nerve proximally to the lesion site 2-33 hr after axotomy.