Optical Coherence Tomography Findings Following Orbital Fractures.

Introduction: A closed globe trauma is often associated with orbital wall fractures. In addition to diplopia, further eye disturbances can be observed. The aim of this preliminary prospective study was to investigate the optical coherence tomography (OCT) findings in patients that presented with orbital fractures in association with diplopia but without decreased visual acuity or further ocular symptoms.

The use of optical scanner for the fabrication of maxillary obturator prostheses.

Introduction: Maxillectomy following tumors or, more rarely, traumatic injuries may result in maxillary defects that may determine physical dysfunctions and functional impairment of speech and swallowing. The aim of our study was to present our experience in the management of post-maxillectomy patients by the use of obturator prostheses that were obtained by 3D digital casts via an intraoral scanner.

Methods: Patients with maxillary defects following maxillary and/or palatal resection or maxillary traumatic avulsion were selected for this clinical study between 2015 and 2018.

A single-center experience in the management of head and neck lymphangiomas.

Introduction: Lymphangiomas are relatively uncommon head and neck region lymphatic malformations. Although surgery can be still considered the mainstay of treatment, sclerotherapy by OK-432 is becoming a widespread treatment option. The aim of this article is to present and discuss the management and outcomes of a series of cases of lymphangiomas.

Management of maxillofacial trauma in the elderly: A European multicenter study.

Background/aims: Management of maxillofacial trauma in the geriatric population poses a great challenge due to anatomical variations and medical comorbidities. The aim of this study was to analyze the management variables, timing, and outcomes of facial fractures in elderly patients (aged 70 years or more) at several European departments of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Materials And Methods: This study was based on a systematic computer-assisted database that allowed the recording of data from all geriatric patients with facial fractures from the involved maxillofacial surgical units across Europe between 2013 and 2017.

Surgical management of unilateral body fractures of the edentulous atrophic mandible.

Introduction: Management of body fractures in patients with edentulous atrophic mandibles represents a challenging task due to patient's age, medical comorbidities, poor bone quality, and vascularity, as well as reduced contact area between the fracture ends. The aim of the study was to assess the demographic and clinical variables, the surgical technique, and outcomes of unilateral body fractures of the edentulous atrophic mandible managed at several European departments of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Methods: This study is based on a systematic computer-assisted database that allowed the recording of data of all patients with fractures of the atrophic edentulous mandible from the involved maxillofacial surgical units across Europe between 2008 and 2017.

The potentialities of the Anatomage Table for head and neck pathology: medical education and informed consent.

Introduction: The understanding of anatomy of head and neck region and of the relative pathological conditions may be challenging for most medical students. Furthermore, patients may encounter great difficulties to understand their pathology, the proposed surgical technique, as well as the anatomy of this body district. The purpose of the present study was to present and discuss the use of the Anatomage Table for the assessment of several benign and malignant conditions of head and neck district.

The epidemiology of edentulous atrophic mandibular fractures in Europe.

Introduction: The objective of the present study was to assess the demographic variables, causes, and patterns of edentulous atrophic fractures of the mandible managed at several European departments of oral and maxillofacial surgery. The results of this multicenter collaboration over a 10-year period are presented.

Methods: The data of all patients with fractures of the atrophic edentulous mandible from the involved maxillofacial surgical units across Europe between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2017 were recorded: gender; age; voluptuary habits; comorbidities; etiology; fracture sites; synchronous body injuries; atrophy of the mandible according to Luhr classification; eventual type of treatment; timing of the eventual surgery; length of hospital stay.

Congenital nonvascular neck masses: a retrospective analysis.

Objective: Congenital nonvascular neck masses are a challenge in head and neck diagnosis and management. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical and epidemiologic findings in patients who were diagnosed with congenital nonvascular neck masses.

Study Design: All cases of patients with congenital nonvascular neck masses who were treated between 1996 and 2018 were reviewed.

The relationship between the status and position of third molars and the presence of mandibular angle and condylar fractures.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between the status and position of third molars, and the presence of mandibular angle and/or condylar fractures, in a group of patients treated for mandibular fractures, thus hoping to contribute to the knowledge of potential predictors of these fractures.

Methods: A retrospective study was designated to include all the patients who were diagnosed and treated with open reduction and internal fixation for isolated mandibular angle fractures or isolated mandibular condylar fractures between 1st of January 2012 and 31st of December 2018. The following data were collected for each included patient: gender, age, etiology, site and side of the fracture, and presence and eruption state of third molars in the fracture side.

Endoscopic septoplasty as a routine approach: Our experience on 647 patients.

Introduction: A variety of surgical techniques of septoplasty have been described. The aim of the present study was to assess the feasibility of endoscopic septoplasty as a routine approach both alone and during other sinonasal - skull base endoscopic procedures.

Methods: A retrospective study of all patients admitted for endoscopic septoplasty that were performed between January 2011 and December 2017 was conducted.

The use of teleradiology for triaging of maxillofacial trauma.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess and discuss our experience with a teleradiology technique applied to facial trauma patients referred to an oral and maxillofacial surgery hub center.

Materials And Methods: All trauma patients with maxillofacial fractures from the hospitals of Vercelli, Biella, Borgosesia, Borgomanero, Verbania, and Domodossola who were referred between July 2014 and September 2018 to the hub maxillofacial center of Novara were reviewed. The following data were recorded for each patient: sex, age, referral hospital, etiology, etiology mechanisms, site of facial fractures, date of injury, indications for surgery according to teleradiology consultation, indications for surgery following clinical maxillofacial assessment, date of eventual surgery, timing of surgery from trauma, type of surgical intervention.

Motor vehicle accidents-related maxillofacial injuries: a multicentre and prospective study.

Objectives: The purpose of this European multicenter prospective study was to obtain more precise information about the demographic characteristics and etiologic/epidemiologic patterns of motor vehicle accidents (MVA)-related maxillofacial fractures.

Study Design: Of the 3260 patients with maxillofacial fractures admitted within the study period, 326 traumas were caused by MVAs with a male/female ratio of 2.2:1.

Psychological profiles in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery or rhinoplasty: a preoperative and preliminary comparison.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess, identify, and compare the personality traits and psychosocial status of two groups of patients undergoing orthognathic surgery and rhinoseptoplasty respectively.

Study Design: This prospective study recruited patients referred for orthognathic surgery and for rhinoseptoplasty. The research protocol included the administrations of questionnaires to the patients during their last visit before surgery, including the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI-2), the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI), the tree drawing test (or Baum test), and the BC Scale.

The "European Mandibular Angle" research project: the analysis of complications after unilateral angle fractures.

Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the complications and outcomes of surgical treatment of angle fractures managed at departments of maxillofacial surgery in several European countries.

Study Design: Patients hospitalized with unilateral isolated angle fractures between 2013 and 2017 were included. The following data were recorded: gender and age of patients, fracture etiology, presence of the third molar, maxillomandibular fixation, osteosynthesis technique, and complications.

The "European zygomatic fracture" research project: The epidemiological results from a multicenter European collaboration.

Purpose: Fractures of the zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) are common injuries that may lead to loss of an aesthetically pleasing appearance and functional impairment. The aim of this study was to analyze the demographics, causes, characteristics, and outcomes of zygomatic fractures managed at several European departments of oral and maxillofacial surgery.

Materials And Methods: This study is based on a multicenter systematic database that allowed the recording of all patients with ZMC fractures between 1 January 2013 and 31 December 2017.

The "European Mandibular Angle" Research Project: The Epidemiologic Results From a Multicenter European Collaboration.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze the demographic variables and causes and characteristics of mandibular angle fractures managed at several European departments of maxillofacial surgery.

Materials And Methods: This study was based on a multicenter systematic database that allowed the recording of data from all patients with mandibular angle fractures between January 1, 2013, and December 31, 2017. The following data were recorded: gender, age, etiology, side of angle fracture, associated mandibular fractures, presence of third molar, intermaxillary fixation, and osteosynthesis.

Psychodynamic Features Associated With Orthognathic Surgery: A Comparison Between Conventional Orthognathic Treatment and "Surgery-First" Approach.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to assess the personality traits of orthognathic patients and to investigate and compare the changes related to psychosocial well-being, self-esteem, anxiety, and quality of life between presurgical and postsurgical phases in patients undergoing traditional and surgery-first orthognathic treatments.

Patients And Methods: This prospective study recruited patients referred for traditional 3-stage orthognathic treatment and surgery-first orthognathic treatment. Patients were administered psychological and quality-of-life tests 3 times: during the last visit before surgery, about 4 weeks after surgery, and 6 months after surgery.

Plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) for the promotion of bone cell proliferation and tissue regeneration.

Objectives: Over the past few years, studies about growth factors have been increasingly developed and the knowledge of their role in stimulating cell proliferation and differentiation used for therapeutic purposes. This study aims to compare a platelets concentrate, the plasma rich in growth factors (PRGF) to a control, consisting of cellulose membranes, to evaluate in vitro the cellular adhesion and migration of human osteoblasts (hOb) and understand if the use of platelets concentrates could be an advantage in view of bone tissue regeneration.

Study Design: Twenty-seven human donors provided 27 blood samples used to make 54 samples: 27 for PRGF and 27 for the control group.

The Anatomage Table and the placement of titanium mesh for the management of orbital floor fractures.

Objective: The anatomy of the head and neck region is complex as are its implications for maxillofacial pathologic conditions and their surgical treatments. We hypothesize that the assessment of the surgical management of orbital floor fractures by using titanium mesh could represent an appropriate first experimental field for the use of the Anatomage Table in maxillofacial surgery.

Study Design: Patients with unilateral orbital floor fractures were searched for in the hospital database of Novara University Hospital, Novara, Italy.

Necrotizing Sialometaplasia of the Hard Palate in a Patient Treated with Topical Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a rare, benign, self-limiting, necrotizing process involving the minor salivary glands, mainly the mucoserous glands of the hard palate. It is thought to be the result of an ischemic event of the vasculature supplying the salivary gland lobules. Some predisposing factors such as smoking, use of alcohol, denture wearing, recent surgery, traumatic injuries, respiratory infections, systemic diseases bulimia, and anorexia have been described.

Current opinions on surgical treatment of fractures of the condylar head.

Treatment of mandibular condyle fractures is still controversial, with surgical treatment slowly becoming the preferred option. However, fractures of the condylar head (diacapitular fractures) are still treated conservatively at many institutions. Recently, more and more surgeons have begun to perform open treatment for diacapitular fractures because it allows to restore the anatomical position of the fragments and disc, it allows an immediate functional movement of the jaw, and avoid the ankylosis of the temporomandibular joint induced by the trauma.

An anomalous case of an indirect orbital floor fracture.

Fractures of the orbital floor are common in facial trauma. Those that comprise only the orbital floor are called indirect fractures or pure internal orbital floor fractures. We present the case of an indirect fracture of the orbital floor after direct trauma to the back of the head caused by a bicycle accident.