Field Theory Expansions of String Theory Amplitudes.

Motivated by quantum field theory (QFT) considerations, we present new representations of the Euler-Beta function and tree-level string theory amplitudes using a new two-channel, local, crossing symmetric dispersion relation. Unlike standard series representations, the new ones are analytic everywhere except at the poles, sum over poles in all channels, and include contact interactions, in the spirit of QFT. This enables us to consider mass-level truncation, which preserves all the features of the original amplitudes.

Musculoskeletal and Esthetic Complications after Neonatal Thoracotomy: Revisited.

Aim: The aim is to study the complications of neonatal thoracotomy and its preventive measures.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 53 neonates who underwent thoracotomy from January 2017 to December 2019 for a period of 3 years. Patient demographic data, primary disease for which they underwent thoracotomy, postoperative complications (immediate and delayed) during follow-up were documented.

Reentrant melting of lanes of rough circular disks.

We consider binary suspension of rough, circular particles in two dimensions under athermal conditions. The suspension is subject to a time-independent external drive in response to which half of the particles are pulled along the field direction, whereas the other half is pushed in the opposite direction. Simulating the system with different magnitude of external drive in steady state, we obtain oppositely moving macroscopic lanes only for a moderate range of external drive.

Orbital magnetism of an active particle in viscoelastic suspension.

We consider an active (self-propelling) particle in a viscoelastic fluid. The particle is charged and constrained to move in a two-dimensional harmonic trap. Its dynamics is coupled to a constant magnetic field applied perpendicular to its plane of motion via Lorentz force.

Delayed presentation of anorectal malformations in a tertiary care hospital in India.

Aim: To study delayed presentation of ARMs, management and its effect on surgical and functional complications.

Methods: It is a retrospective study from March 2015 to March 2020. All the patients satisfying the criteria of delayed ARMs, i.

Stochastic heat engine using an active particle.

The topic of microscopic heat engine has undergone intensive research in recent years. Microscopic heat engines can exploit thermal as well as active fluctuations to extract thermodynamic work. We investigate the properties of a microscopic Stirling's engine that uses an active (self-propelling) particle as a working substance, in contact with two thermal baths.

Tuning the self-organization of confined active particles by the steepness of the trap.

We consider the collective dynamics of self-propelling particles in two dimensions. They can align themselves according to the direction of propulsion of their neighbours, together with small rotational fluctuations. They also interact with each other via soft, isotropic, repulsive potentials.

Correction: BMPER Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in the Developing Cardiac Cushions.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Active particle condensation by non-reciprocal and time-delayed interactions.

We consider the flocking of self-propelling agents in two dimensions, each of which communicates with its neighbors within a limited vision-cone. Also, the communication occurs with some time-delay. The communication among the agents are modeled by Vicsek rules.

Ambiguous genitalia-A social dilemma in Bangladesh: A case report.

Introduction: Ambiguous Genitalia is a form of birth defect in which sex of the newborn cannot be readily distinguishable because of atypical appearance of the external genitalia.

Case Report-clinical Findings: The patient, an 8 months old baby, was identified as a female baby since birth; but, some senior members of their neighborhood raised confusion regarding sex differentiation of the child. On examination, there was enlarged clitoris or micropenis, bifid scrotum or labioscrotal fold, and separate presence of urethral and vaginal orifices.

Determining Physical Properties of the Cell Cortex.

Actin and myosin assemble into a thin layer of a highly dynamic network underneath the membrane of eukaryotic cells. This network generates the forces that drive cell- and tissue-scale morphogenetic processes. The effective material properties of this active network determine large-scale deformations and other morphogenetic events.

Dynamical density functional theory for microswimmers.

Dynamical density functional theory (DDFT) has been successfully derived and applied to describe on one hand passive colloidal suspensions, including hydrodynamic interactions between individual particles. On the other hand, active "dry" crowds of self-propelled particles have been characterized using DDFT. Here, we go one essential step further and combine these two approaches.

Rapidly Fatal Silicosis Among Jewellery Workers Attending a District Medical College of West Bengal, India.

Background: Silicosis is a slowly progressive chronic occupational lung disease, developed after a prolong period of exposure to high concentration of silica dust.

Methods: In this longitudinal study, we enrolled old and new silicosis patients (n=19; 8 jewellery polishers, 11 from other occupations) seen at our Pulmonary Medicine Department from June 2009 to December 2012 to document the course of illness as per their occupational exposure.

Results: Six of the eight jewellery polishing workers had developed silicosis within five years of exposure, while six of the 11 other workers with other occupational exposure had developed silicosis after exposure of 10 years or more.

BMPER Promotes Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in the Developing Cardiac Cushions.

Formation of the cardiac valves is an essential component of cardiovascular development. Consistent with the role of the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling pathway in cardiac valve formation, embryos that are deficient for the BMP regulator BMPER (BMP-binding endothelial regulator) display the cardiac valve anomaly mitral valve prolapse. However, how BMPER deficiency leads to this defect is unknown.

Phylogeny and synonymous codon usage pattern of Papaya ringspot virus coat protein gene in the sub-Himalayan region of north-east India.

Sub-Himalayan West Bengal is favorable for the production of several fruits and vegetables. Papaya is one of the common plants cultivated in the area. Most of the papaya plants of the area are susceptible to Papaya ringspot virus (PRSV).

Bilateral pleural effusion with APLA positivity in a case of rhupus syndrome.

Rhupus syndrome is a rare syndrome characterized by overlap of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Our patient was a diagnosed case of RA and developed SLE 2 years after. She was a middle-aged woman, presented with bilateral pleural effusion with exacerbation of skin and joint symptoms of SLE.

Single-particle stochastic heat engine.

We have performed an extensive analysis of a single-particle stochastic heat engine constructed by manipulating a Brownian particle in a time-dependent harmonic potential. The cycle consists of two isothermal steps at different temperatures and two adiabatic steps similar to that of a Carnot engine. The engine shows qualitative differences in inertial and overdamped regimes.

Extracting work from a single heat bath: a case study of a Brownian particle under an external magnetic field in the presence of information.

Work can be extracted from a single bath beyond the limit set by the second law of thermodynamics by performing measurement on the system and utilizing the acquired information. This imposes an upper bound on extracted work and maintains a generalized (i.e.

Small cell lung carcinoma associated with progressive systemic sclerosis.

The association between progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) and malignancy is uncommon. The possibility of development of small cell carcinoma lung (SCLC), among all the reported lung malignancies in PSS patients is lowest. A fifty-five year old non-smoker female diagnosed as PSS for 1 year presented to our outpatient department with dry cough for 2 months, shortness of breath for the last 1 month and progressive facial and right upper limb oedema for the last 15 days.

Beyond the "coffee ring": re-entrant ordering in an evaporation-driven self-assembly in a colloidal suspension on a substrate.

We study the phenomenon of evaporation-driven self-assembly of a colloid suspension of silica microspheres in the interior region and away from the rim of the droplet on a glass plate. In view of the importance of achieving a large-area, monolayer assembly, we first realize a suitable choice of experimental conditions, minimizing the influence of many other competing phenomena that usually complicate the understanding of fundamental concepts of such self-assembly processes in the interior region of a drying droplet. Under these simplifying conditions to bring out essential aspects, our experiments unveil an interesting competition between ordering and compaction in such drying systems in analogy to an impending glass transition.

Colloidal particles in a drying suspension: a phase field crystal approach.

Using a phase field crystal model we study the structure and dynamics of a drop of colloidal suspension during evaporation of the solvent. We model an experimental system where contact line pinning of the drop on the substrate is non-existent. Under such carefully controlled conditions, evaporation of the drop produces an ordered or disordered arrangement of the colloidal residue depending only on the initial average density of solute and the drying rate.

Response surface optimisation of extraction of antioxidants from strawberry fruit, and lipid peroxidation inhibitory potential of the fruit extract in cooked chicken patties.

Background: Strawberries contain high levels of antioxidants and have beneficial effects against oxidative stress-mediated diseases, such as cancer. They contain multiple phenolic compounds, which contribute to their biological properties. Hence, a study was carried out to optimise the extraction of antioxidants and evaluate the antioxidant potential of strawberry fruit extract (SE) in cooked chicken patties during refrigerated storage.

Work probability distribution and tossing a biased coin.

We show that the rare events present in dissipated work that enters Jarzynski equality, when mapped appropriately to the phenomenon of large deviations found in a biased coin toss, are enough to yield a quantitative work probability distribution for the Jarzynski equality. This allows us to propose a recipe for constructing work probability distribution independent of the details of any relevant system. The underlying framework, developed herein, is expected to be of use in modeling other physical phenomena where rare events play an important role.