Patient-reported neurocognitive function in adult survivors of childhood and adolescent osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma.

Purpose: Little is known regarding long-term neurocognitive outcomes in osteosarcoma and Ewing sarcoma (EWS) survivors despite potential risk factors. We evaluated associations among treatment exposures, chronic health conditions, and patient-reported neurocognitive outcomes in adult survivors of childhood osteosarcoma and EWS.

Methods: Five-year survivors of osteosarcoma (N = 604; median age 37.

Respectability and boundary making on a superdiverse housing estate: The cross-racial deployment of intra-ethnic stereotypes.

This article examines how white British residents of a superdiverse London housing estate learn about-and subsequently deploy-the intra-ethnic stereotypes used by their British Pakistani and British Bangladeshi neighbours/flatmates. Building on recent attempts to bring together conviviality and boundary making, along with insights into intra-ethnic othering, we show how, for white British residents, these stereotypes offered the chance to add detail and authenticity to judgements about the "unrespectable" behaviour of British Asian residents and/or visitors. Ultimately, however, white British residents' inappropriate and/or imprecise deployment of these stereotypes in relation to British Bangladeshis and British Pakistanis led to the misidentification of low-status people and the unfair extension of discrimination faced by low-status individuals and families.

Hypothalamic-Pituitary and Other Endocrine Surveillance Among Childhood Cancer Survivors.

Endocrine disorders in survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancers are associated with substantial adverse physical and psychosocial effects. To improve appropriate and timely endocrine screening and referral to a specialist, the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group (IGHG) aims to develop evidence and expert consensus-based guidelines for healthcare providers that harmonize recommendations for surveillance of endocrine disorders in CAYA cancer survivors. Existing IGHG surveillance recommendations for premature ovarian insufficiency, gonadotoxicity in males, fertility preservation, and thyroid cancer are summarized.

Body region-specific 3D age-scaling functions for scaling whole-body computed tomography anatomy for pediatric late effects studies.

Radiation epidemiology studies of childhood cancer survivors treated in the pre-computed tomography (CT) era reconstruct the patients' treatment fields on computational phantoms. For such studies, the phantoms are commonly scaled to age at the time of radiotherapy treatment because age is the generally available anthropometric parameter. Several reference size phantoms are used in such studies, but reference size phantoms are only available at discrete ages (e.

Modifiable risk factors for neurocognitive and psychosocial problems after Hodgkin lymphoma.

Long-term survivors of childhood Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) experience a high burden of chronic health morbidities. Correlates of neurocognitive and psychosocial morbidity have not been well established. A total of 1760 survivors of HL (mean ± SD age, 37.

A novel fluorescent c-met targeted imaging agent for intra-operative colonic tumour mapping: Translation from the laboratory into a clinical trial.

Background: The c-Met protein is overexpressed in many gastrointestinal cancers. We explored EMI-137, a novel c-Met targeting fluorescent probe, for application in fluorescence-guided colon surgery, in HT-29 colorectal cancer (CRC) cell line and an in vivo murine model.

Methods: HT-29 SiRNA transfection confirmed specificity of EMI-137 for c-Met.

Genetic modulation of longitudinal change in neurocognitive function among adult glioma patients.

Purpose: Impaired neurocognitive function (NCF) is extremely common in patients with higher grade primary brain tumor. We previously reported evidence of genetic variants associated with NCF in glioma patients prior to treatment. However, little is known about the effect of genetic variants on NCF decline after adjuvant therapy.

Short NK- and Naïve T-Cell Telomere Length Is Associated with Thyroid Cancer in Childhood Cancer Survivors: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Background: Survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for therapy-related subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMN), including thyroid SMN. Telomere length (TL) is associated with cancer risk, but the relationship between TL and SMN risk among survivors is less clear.

Methods: We conducted a nested, matched case-control study of radiation-exposed 15-year+ adult survivors of childhood cancer with thyroid SMN (cases) and without SMN (controls).

The influence of youth and parent reports of parental knowledge and monitoring and reporting discrepancy on high risk youth offending.

Introduction: Positive parenting practices are known to be related to lower levels of youth offending. Questions remain as to the overlap between youth and parent perceptions of parenting practices, and the relationship of perception discrepancies with youth offending. This study examines the concordance of parenting behaviors reports, the relationship between parent and youth perceptions of parenting measures with youth offending, and whether discordant youth and parent reports are related to heterogeneity in youth offending.

Propionibacterium acnes endophthalmitis following transplantation of contaminated Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty graft.

Purpose: To report the clinical outcomes of a case of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) endophthalmitis following Descemet's membrane endothelial keratoplasty (DMEK) surgery.

Observations: Transplantation of non-sterile DMEK tissue led to development of a retrolenticular white plaque confirmed through PCR testing to be the result of P.

Dialogue on analytical and ab initio methods in attoscience.

The perceived dichotomy between analytical and ab initio approaches to theory in attosecond science is often seen as a source of tension and misconceptions. This Topical Review compiles the discussions held during a round-table panel at the 'Quantum Battles in Attoscience' cecam virtual workshop, to explore the sources of tension and attempt to dispel them. We survey the main theoretical tools of attoscience-covering both analytical and numerical methods-and we examine common misconceptions, including the relationship between ab initio approaches and the broader numerical methods, as well as the role of numerical methods in 'analytical' techniques.

Impact of Risk-Stratified Therapy on Health Status in Survivors of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Background: Prior studies have identified that survivors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) report poor health status. It is unknown how risk-stratified therapy impacts the health status of ALL survivors.

Methods: We estimated and compared the prevalence of self-reported poor health status among adult (≥18 years) survivors of childhood ALL diagnosed at age <21 years from 1970 to 1999 and sibling controls, excluding proxy reports.

Primary hypothyroidism in childhood cancer survivors: Prevalence, risk factors, and long-term consequences.

Background: Data on primary hypothyroidism and its long-term impact on the health, cognition, and quality of life (QOL) of childhood cancer survivors are limited. This study examined the prevalence of and risk factors for primary hypothyroidism and its associations with physical, neurocognitive, and psychosocial outcomes.

Methods: This was a retrospective study with a cross-sectional health outcome analysis of an established cohort comprising 2965 survivors of childhood cancer (52.

Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) Reveals Composite Patterns and Resolves Visualization Artifacts in Microbiome Data.

Microbiome data are sparse and high dimensional, so effective visualization of these data requires dimensionality reduction. To date, the most commonly used method for dimensionality reduction in the microbiome is calculation of between-sample microbial differences (beta diversity), followed by principal-coordinate analysis (PCoA). Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) is an alternative method that can reduce the dimensionality of beta diversity distance matrices.

Functional Outcomes and Social Attainment in Asian/Pacific Islander Childhood Cancer Survivors in the United States: A Report from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Background: Given the relatively small population of Asians or Pacific Islanders (API) in the United States, studies describing long-term outcomes in API survivors of childhood cancer are limited. This study compared functional outcomes between API versus non-Hispanic White (NHW) survivors.

Methods: This study included 203 API 5-year survivors [age at follow-up: 29.

Subsequent malignant neoplasms in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study: Occurrence of cancer types in which human papillomavirus is an established etiologic risk factor.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMN ) in childhood cancer survivors are poorly understood.

Methods: The cumulative risk of SMN was assessed among 24,363 Childhood Cancer Survivor Study participants. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) and absolute excess risk were calculated using age-matched, sex-matched, and calendar year rates from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program.

Association of Patient Characteristics With Delivery of Ophthalmic Telemedicine During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Importance: Telemedicine has been shown to have had reduced uptake among historically marginalized populations within multiple medical specialties during the COVID-19 pandemic. An evaluation of health disparities among patients receiving ophthalmic telemedical care during the pandemic is needed.

Objective: To evaluate disparities in the delivery of ophthalmic telemedicine at Massachusetts Eye and Ear (MEE) during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Comprehensive molecular characterization of pediatric radiation-induced high-grade glioma.

Radiation-induced high-grade gliomas (RIGs) are an incurable late complication of cranial radiation therapy. We performed DNA methylation profiling, RNA-seq, and DNA sequencing on 32 RIG tumors and an in vitro drug screen in two RIG cell lines. We report that based on DNA methylation, RIGs cluster primarily with the pediatric receptor tyrosine kinase I high-grade glioma subtype.

Lung Cancer as a Subsequent Malignant Neoplasm in Survivors of Childhood Cancer.

Background: Lung cancer, the most common cause of cancer-related death in adults, has not been well studied as a subsequent malignant neoplasm (SMN) in childhood cancer survivors. We assessed prevalence, risk factors, and outcomes for lung SMN in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) cohort.

Methods: Among 25,654 5-year survivors diagnosed with childhood cancer (<21 years), lung cancer was self-reported and confirmed by pathology record review.

Efficient computation of Faith's phylogenetic diversity with applications in characterizing microbiomes.

The number of publicly available microbiome samples is continually growing. As data set size increases, bottlenecks arise in standard analytical pipelines. Faith's phylogenetic diversity (Faith's PD) is a highly utilized phylogenetic alpha diversity metric that has thus far failed to effectively scale to trees with millions of vertices.

Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on a large cohort of adult survivors of childhood cancer.

Childhood cancersurvivors may be differentially impacted by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). From April to June of 2020, we examined psychosocial/health concerns in 4148 adult survivors and 571 siblings. Although more survivors reported concerns about getting sick (p = .

Polygenic Risk Score Improves Risk Stratification and Prediction of Subsequent Thyroid Cancer after Childhood Cancer.

Background: Subsequent thyroid cancer (STC) is one of the most common malignancies in childhood cancer survivors. We aimed to evaluate the polygenic contributions to STC risk and potential utility in improving risk prediction.

Methods: A polygenic risk score (PRS) was calculated from 12 independent SNPs associated with thyroid cancer risk in the general population.

Radiation therapy related cardiac disease risk in childhood cancer survivors: Updated dosimetry analysis from the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study.

Background And Purpose: We previously evaluated late cardiac disease in long-term survivors in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) based on heart radiation therapy (RT) doses estimated from an age-scaled phantom with a simple atlas-based heart model (H). We enhanced our phantom with a high-resolution CT-based anatomically realistic and validated age-scalable cardiac model (H). We aimed to evaluate how this update would impact our prior estimates of RT-related late cardiac disease risk in the CCSS cohort.