Three Dimensional Printing as a Tool For Anatomical Training in Lung Surgery.

Objective: Pulmonary anatomy is challenging, due to the high variability and its three-dimensional (3D) shape. While demands in thoracic oncologic surgery are increasing, the transition from open to thoracoscopic surgery is hampering anatomical understanding. This study analyzed the value of a 3D printed lung model in understanding and teaching anatomy.

[A boy with an abnormal hallux].

An eleven-year-old boy was seen by the general practioner due to a painfull hallux. The diagnosis unguis incarnatus was made. Therefore, a partial nail extraction was performed.

Clinical Response to Procedural Stroke Following Carotid Endarterectomy: A Delphi Consensus Study.

Objective: No dedicated studies have been performed on the optimal management of patients with an acute stroke related to carotid intervention nor is there a solid recommendation given in the European Society for Vascular Surgery guideline. By implementation of an international expert Delphi panel, this study aimed to obtain expert consensus on the optimal management of in hospital stroke occurring during or following CEA and to provide a practical treatment decision tree.

Methods: A four round Delphi consensus study was performed including 31 experts.

Long-term Outcome of Axillo-axillary Bypass in Patients with Subclavian or Innominate Artery Stenosis.

Background: Subclavian or innominate artery stenosis (SAS) may cause upper extremity and cerebral ischemia. In patients with symptomatic subclavian or innominate artery stenosis, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is the treatment of first choice. When percutaneous transluminal angioplasty is technically restricted or unsuccessful, an extrathoracic bypass grafting, such as an axillo-axillary bypass can be considered.

Reticulated Platelets as Predictor of Myocardial Injury and 30 Day Mortality After Non-cardiac Surgery.

Objective: A pre-operative marker for identification of patients at risk of peri-operative adverse events and 30 day mortality might be the percentage of young, reticulated platelets (pRP). This study aimed to determine the predictive value of pre-operative pRP on post-operative myocardial injury (PMI) and 30 day mortality, in patients aged ≥ 60 years undergoing moderate to high risk non-cardiac surgery.

Methods: The incidence of PMI (troponin I > 0.

Factors Associated with Hospital Dependent Delay to Carotid Endarterectomy in the Dutch Audit for Carotid Interventions.

Objectives: As the risk of a recurrent neurological event in patients with symptomatic carotid stenosis requiring carotid endarterectomy (CEA) is highest in the early phase after the first neurological event, guidelines recommend operating on these patients as soon as possible or at least within 14 days of their initial event. However, in real world practice this is often not met. The aim of this study is to identify factors that cause hospital dependent delay to CEA.

Excellent functional recovery after Kirschner-wire extension blocking technique for displaced closed bony mallet finger injuries; results of 36 cases.

Bony mallet finger injuries comprise 30% of all mallet injuries. Operative treatment of bony mallet fingers injuries still remains controversial. The aim of this study was to describe the k-wire extension blocking technique and the functional results using the PRWHE questionnaire.

Editor's Choice - Predictors of New Ischaemic Brain Lesions on Diffusion Weighted Imaging After Carotid Stenting and Endarterectomy: A Systematic Review.

Objectives: Peri-procedural ischaemic brain lesions on diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) after carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and carotid artery stenting (CAS) have been related to a higher chance of recurrent cerebrovascular events. This systematic review provides an overview of patient characteristics associated with increased risk of new DWI lesions.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane library databases were systematically searched (update November 2018) for studies reporting post-procedural DWI lesions after CEA or CAS.

A meta-analysis of the effect of stent design on clinical and radiologic outcomes of carotid artery stenting.

Objective: Procedural characteristics, including stent design, may influence the outcome of carotid artery stenting (CAS). A thorough comparison of the effect of stent design on outcome of CAS is thus warranted to allow for optimal evidence-based clinical decision making. This study sought to evaluate the effect of stent design on clinical and radiologic outcomes of CAS.

Long-Term Outcome of Symptomatic Patients Undergoing Hybrid Revascularisation for Extracranial Carotid Artery Tandem Stenosis.

Objectives: Carotid tandem lesions are a multilevel significant (>50%) atherosclerotic disease involving both the internal carotid artery (ICA) and either the ipsilateral common carotid artery (CCA) or the innominate artery (IA). These lesions may be challenging to treat. Current guidelines offer no definitive recommendation on the optimal treatment algorithm.

[When is carotid endarterectomy actually indicated for stenosis?].

Criteria for carotid endarterectomy are based on the results of clinical trials that were conducted more than two decades ago. In the meantime medical treatment has improved, and surgery can be performed more safely. As such, it is currently unknown which patients should be recommended to undergo carotid surgery.

Histological evaluation disqualifies IMT and calcification scores as surrogates for grading coronary and aortic atherosclerosis.

Background/objectives: Carotid intimal media thickness (IMT) and coronary calcium scores (CCS) are thought to reflect atherosclerotic burden. The validity of this assumption for IMT is challenged by recent meta-analyses; for CCS by absence of a relationship between negative scores, and freedom of future events. As such, we considered evaluation of the relationship between tissue IMT and CCS, and extend of atherosclerotic disease relevant.