An in vitro study of orthodontic brackets bonded to transition dental zirconia: Shear bond strength, adhesive remnant index, and surface irregularities.

Purpose: Orthodontic treatment often involves bonding brackets to teeth, and the protocols for natural enamel differ from those for prosthodontically restored teeth. With the rising number of adult orthodontic patients, many present with zirconia crowns. This study aimed to evaluate the shear bond strength (SBS) of ceramic orthodontic brackets bonded to transition dental zirconia, which combines 3Y-TZP and 5Y-TZP powders.

Assessing AudaxCeph®'s cephalometric tracing technology versus a semi-automated approach for analyzing severe Class II and Class III skeletons.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy and precision of the AudaxCeph® fully automated software in identifying cephalometric landmarks on lateral cephalograms of Class II and Class III skeletal relationships, comparing its performance against experienced orthodontists using manual tracing within the same software environment.

Material And Methods: Sixty cephalograms depicting severe Class II or Class III skeletal discrepancies were assessed by two board-certified orthodontists and AudaxCeph®'s artificial intelligence automatic tracing software. Among these, 40 cases were classified as Class II and 20 as Class III.

Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets to single-shade composite surfaces: An in-vitro comparative study of different surface preparations.

Purpose: The primary objective of this study was to determine which single-shade composite surface yielded clinically acceptable shear bond strength (SBS) to metal orthodontics brackets. The secondary objectives were to identify the best composite surface treatment to enhance SBS and determine which surface treatment produced the least surface damage at debond.

Methods: Forty dental composite samples were selected from four different manufacturers (n=160) and grouped by manufacturer, one standard multi-shade dental system (FilTek™ Supreme Ultra) and three single-shade dental composites systems (OmniChroma®, SimpliShade™ and Venus® Diamond One).

A genotyping array for the globally invasive vector mosquito, Aedes albopictus.

Background: Although whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is the preferred genotyping method for most genomic analyses, limitations are often experienced when studying genomes characterized by a high percentage of repetitive elements, high linkage, and recombination deserts. The Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus), for example, has a genome comprising up to 72% repetitive elements, and therefore we set out to develop a single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip to be more cost-effective. Aedes albopictus is an invasive species originating from Southeast Asia that has recently spread around the world and is a vector for many human diseases.

Phenotypic variation in biting behavior associated with differences in expression of olfactory genes in the vector mosquito, Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae).

We evaluated miRNA and mRNA expression differences in head tissues between avid-biting vs. reluctant-biting Aedes albopictus (Skuse) females from a single population over a 20-min timescale. We found no differences in miRNA expression between avid vs.

Efficient RNAi knockdown at 20 °C in Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae).

RNA interference (RNAi) is a conserved cellular pathway found in nearly all eukaryotes that leads to the silencing of target mRNAs. Using RNAi as a mechanism to knockdown specific genes has enabled functional and reverse genetics studies in a wide range of eukaryotes. Previous work suggests that RNAi is inhibited at lower temperatures, potentially limiting the possibility to perform knockdown studies on ecologically relevant phenotypes that are only expressed at low temperatures.

Contrasting effects of an extended fall period and winter heatwaves on the overwintering fitness of diapausing disease vector, .

Climate change is expected to dramatically alter autumnal and winter conditions in many temperate regions. However, limited data is available to accurately predict how these changes will impact species' overwinter survival and post-winter fitness. Here, we determine how a longer, warmer fall period and winter heatwaves affect overwintering fitness and post-winter performance of the invasive mosquito vector, .

Shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets bonded to high-translucent dental zirconia with different surface treatments: An in vitro study.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to compare the shear bond strengths of orthodontic brackets bonded to translucent dental zirconia samples which are anatomically accurate and treated with various surface treatments.

Methods: This in vitro study included 156 samples from 3 brands of high-translucent zirconia split into a control group and 4 surface treatment groups: 9.6% hydrofluoric acid etching, 50-micron aluminium oxide particle air abrasion, and 30-micron tribochemical silica coating (TBS) particle air abrasion with and without silane application.

Improved Transformation with Capped Transposase mRNA in Pest Insects.

Creating transgenic insects is a key technology in insect genetics and molecular biology. A widely used instrument in insect transgenesis is the transposase, resulting in essentially random genomic integrations. In contrast, site-specific recombinases allow the targeted integration of the transgene construct into a specific genomic target site.

An overview of current evaluation methods of postgraduate dental specialty residents.

Purpose: A lack of contemporary dental literature exists on evaluating dental residents in postgraduate education, with no standardized criteria or information on technology adoption. This study aims to understand current evaluation methods in dental residency programs and compare them to existing literature.

Methods: A survey with 22 questions was sent to program directors of 749 ADA/CODA (American Dental Association/Commission on Dental Accreditation)-accredited postgraduate dental residencies.

MicroRNA Expression Prior to Biting in a Vector Mosquito Anticipates Physiological Processes Related to Energy Utilization, Reproduction and Immunity.

Understanding the molecular and physiological processes underlying biting behavior in vector mosquitoes has important implications for developing novel strategies to suppress disease transmission. Here, we conduct small-RNA sequencing and qRT-PCR to identify differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs) in the head tissues of two subspecies of that differ in biting behavior and the ability to produce eggs without blood feeding. We identified eight differentially expressed miRNAs between biting (Pipiens) and non-biting (Molestus); six of these miRNAs have validated functions or predicted targets related to energy utilization (miR8-5-p, miR-283, miR-2952-3p, miR-1891), reproduction (miR-1891), and immunity (miR-2934-3p, miR-92a, miR8-5-p).

A survey of white spot lesion prevention and resolution in the US dental school curricula.

Purpose/objectives: White spot lesions (WSLs) are opaque white lesions on smooth tooth surfaces as a result of demineralization. Proven methods of prevention and resolution of these lesions are available yet the incidence rate, especially in orthodontic patients, is still high. Perhaps the way dental schools are educating students on the topic is insufficient.

Shear bond strength of adhesive precoated brackets: A comparative in vitro study.

Objective: This study compared the shear bond strength of orthodontic precoated brackets from different manufacturers.

Methods: Sixty extracted human premolar teeth were divided into six groups (n=10). The groups were bonded with one of the following brackets: 3M™ Unitek Victory™ Series™ with APC, 3M™ Unitek Clarity™ Advanced Ceramic™ with APC, TP Nu-Edge® NX Cobalt-Chromium and TP In-Vu® ceramic Readi-Base® both with eXact® orthodontic adhesive, 3M™ Unitek Clarity Advanced Ceramic™ and 3M™ Unitek Victory™ Series™ both with Transbond™ XT Adhesive.

Comparison of Tie Wing Fracture Resistance of Differing Ceramic Brackets.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the tie wing fracture resistance of 4 different manufacturers' ceramic brackets currently on the market.

Methods: The tie wings of ceramic brackets from 4 manufacturers were tested with 10 samples in each group. The brackets were Ormco Symetri, 3M Clarity, American Radiance Plus, and Dentsply Ovation S.

The prevalence of developmental dental and eruption anomalies assessed using panoramic radiographs: a retrospective study.

Developmental dental anomalies are a common finding in adolescent populations. The objective of this study was to utilize panoramic radiographs to determine the prevalence of dental anomalies and developmental disturbances in a heterogenous adolescent orthodontic patient population seeking care at a North American orthodontic residency program. A total of 1042 panoramic radiographs of 457 male and 585 female orthodontic patients aged 10 to 18 years were evaluated.

Formulation and characterization of experimental orthodontic adhesive containing antibacterial dimethacrylate DABCO monomers: An in vitro study.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to investigate the antibacterial efficacy and mechanical properties of experimental orthodontic adhesives containing newly synthesized antibacterial dimethacrylate monomers with doubly charged 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane (DABCO) group (dication).

Comparison of AudaxCeph®'s fully automated cephalometric tracing technology to a semi-automated approach by human examiners.

Objective: To compare the reliability of cephalometric landmark identification by an automated tracing software based on convolutional neural networks to human tracers.

Materials And Methods: Sixty cephalograms were traced by two board-certified orthodontists and AudaxCeph®'s artificial intelligence software. The following thirteen landmarks were identified in each tracing: Sella, Nasion, A point, B point, Porion, Menton, Pogonion, Orbitale, Gonion, Upper Central Incisor Incisal Edge (U1 Tip), Upper Central Incisor Root Apex (U1 apex), Lower Central Incisor Incisal Edge (L1 Tip), Lower Central Incisor Root Apex (L1 apex).

Quantifying the degree of white spot lesions on enamel caused by different commercial beverages using the Canary Caries Detection System: An in vitro study.

The use of sports and energy drinks has drastically increased in the adolescent population. This population often is in orthodontic treatment, and the use of such drinks with poor oral hygiene promotes the development of white spot lesions (WSLs). Quantifying the degree of the lesion has been limited in the past.

Conserved molecular pathways underlying biting in two divergent mosquito genera.

Mosquitoes transmit a wide variety of devastating pathogens when they bite vertebrate hosts and feed on their blood. However, three entire mosquito genera and many individual species in other genera have evolved a nonbiting life history in which blood is not required to produce eggs. Our long-term goal is to develop novel interventions that reduce or eliminate the biting behavior in vector mosquitoes.

A comparison of traditional orthodontic polishing systems with composite polishing systems following orthodontic debonding.

Introduction: At the completion of treatment, the orthodontic practitioner's goal is to effectively remove all traces of adhesive and return enamel to its initial state. With the advent of new polishing systems being released each year, there may be one product that is superior to others.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to determine the efficacy of new polishing systems (in the last 5-10 years) used in general dentistry on enamel surface roughness following debond utilizing profilometery and scanning electron microscopy and compare them to established orthodontic polishing systems results.

Nickel and chromium ion release from coated and uncoated orthodontic archwires under different pH levels and exposure times.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine and compare nickel and chromium ion release from traditional stainless steel and nickel titanium wires and newer esthetic archwires under different pH conditions, for different time intervals.

Methods: Ten pieces of 10-mm segments of five different orthodontic archwires were submerged in buffer solutions of pH 4.0, 5.