Endovascular thrombectomy for distal medium vessel occlusions: A literature review.

Background: There is a lack of substantial evidence supporting the safety and effectiveness of endovascular thrombectomy in treating distal medium vessel occlusions (DMVOs).

Objective: To summarize the current evidence regarding endovascular thrombectomy for DMVOs.

Methods: We conducted a narrative review of key articles related to the diagnosis and management of DMVOs.

DLX6 and MSX1 from saliva samples as potential predictors of mandibular size: A cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Morphologic features of the mandible are influenced by the genes of each individual. Mandible size is important to orthodontists because the mandible is the mechanism by which the lower face influences facial esthetics and dental function. To date, no biological marker has been identified that indicates eventual mandible size.

Cheek Donor Site for Full-Thickness Skin Graft Repair of the Nasal Ala: Outcomes of a Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: Full-thickness skin grafts (FTSGs) are useful repairs for reconstructing nasal alar defects. Traditional donor sites include the preauricular, postauricular, and supraclavicular skin.

Objective: To evaluate esthetic outcomes and complications of nasal alar defects repaired with FTSGs from the medial cheek.

Appropriate use criteria for ancillary diagnostic testing in dermatopathology: New recommendations for 11 tests and 220 clinical scenarios from the American Society of Dermatopathology Appropriate Use Criteria Committee.

Background: Appropriate use criteria (AUC) provide patient-centered physician guidance in test selection. An initial set of AUC was reported by the American Society of Dermatopathology (ASDP) in 2018. AUC reflect evidence collected at single timepoints and may be affected by evolving evidence and experience.

Sun Protection Outreach Teaching by Students (SPOTS)-Evaluating the Efficacy of Skin Cancer Prevention Education for Adolescents.

Background: The Sun Protection Outreach Teaching by Students (SPOTS) program addresses an unmet need by training medical students to teach adolescents about skin cancer prevention and early detection.

Objective: To measure (1) changes in adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors regarding sun protection and (2) the impact on medical students' confidence in skin cancer preventive counseling.

Methods: Pre-SPOTS and 1-month post-SPOTS program surveys were completed by adolescent participants and medical student instructors.

Whole Blood Thiamine in Organ Donors After the Neurologic Determination of Death.

Introduction: Metabolic resuscitation of organ donors and the attenuation of oxidative stress incurred by organs following brain death and transplantation have the potential to improve organ yield and allograft function. Thiamine (vitamin B1) is a vital coenzyme in both energy metabolism and the production of antioxidants that has not been studied in the donor population.

Research Aim: To determine the frequency of subclinical thiamine deficiency in brain-dead organ donors and its correlation with demographics, length of hospitalization, donor management, lactic acidosis, and the requirement for vasoactive support.

Economic and Humanistic Burden Associated with Depression and Anxiety Among Adults with Non-Communicable Chronic Diseases (NCCDs) in the United States.

Introduction: Patients with both major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) in addition to one or multiple comorbid non-communicable chronic diseases (NCCDs) face unique challenges. However, few studies have characterized how the burden of co-occurring MDD and GAD differs from that of only MDD or only GAD among patients with NCCDs.

Methods: In this study, we used Medical Expenditures Panel Survey data from 2010-2017 to understand how the economic and humanistic burden of co-occurring MDD and GAD differs from that of MDD or GAD alone among patients with NCCDs.

Umbilical Cord Milking in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial Comparing Cord Milking with Immediate Cord Clamping.

Objective: This study aimed to assess potential benefits of umbilical cord milking (UCM) when compared with immediate cord clamping (ICC) in extremely preterm infants.

Study Design: This is a single-center, randomized controlled trial of infants 24 to 27 weeks' gestation who received UCM versus ICC. In the experimental group, 18 cm of the umbilical cord was milked three times.

Economic and humanistic burden associated with noncommunicable diseases among adults with depression and anxiety in the United States.

This study estimated the economic and humanistic burden associated with chronic non-communicable diseases (NCCDs) among adults with comorbid major depressive and/or any anxiety disorders (MDD and/or AAD). A retrospective analysis was conducted using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey data (2010-2015). The analytic cohort included adults (≥18 years) with MDD only (C1), AAD only (C2), or both (C3).

Real-World Impact of Retrievable Stents for Acute Ischemic Stroke on Disability Utilizing the National Inpatient Sample.

Purpose: We assess the impact of retrievable stent (RS) compared to first-generation devices on in-hospital mortality and disability in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).

Methods: Using the National Inpatient Sample, data were obtained for patients with a primary diagnosis of AIS who underwent mechanical thrombectomy (MT) and were admitted to US hospitals between 2010 and 2014. Two time periods were compared: 2010-2012 (pre-RS Food and Drug Administration [FDA] approval) and 2013-2014 (post-RS FDA approval).

Three-dimensional modeling and comparison of nasal flap designs.

Few studies exist that compare local flap repair designs either mathematically or clinically. Previous mathematical studies use a two-dimensional modeling approach, which is not suited to complex structures like the nose. To quantitatively analyze and compare flap designs for nasal repair using three-dimensional, photographic models.

Dermatopathologist assessment of "pathologist-to-dermatologist" communication for dermatopathology services.

Background: While patients are the ultimate beneficiaries of pathology services, pathologist to clinician communication is an essential component of excellent patient care.

Objective: To survey dermatologists on how well pathologists communicate with them and to assess which aspects of pathologists' communication skills are deemed most significant to dermatologists, stratified by practice type.

Methods: A survey-based instrument was developed and sent to dermatologists through various email listservs.

Efficacy, rate of tumor response, and safety of a short course (12-24 weeks) of oral vismodegib in various histologic subtypes (infiltrative, nodular, and superficial) of high-risk or locally advanced basal cell carcinoma, in an open-label, prospective case series clinical trial.

Background: Vismodegib demonstrated 60% response rates in the ERIVANCE trial. Basal cell carcinoma has various histopathologies. Their effect on response is unclear.

Oral immunotherapy tolerizes mice to enzyme replacement therapy for Morquio A syndrome.

Immune response to therapeutic enzymes poses a detriment to patient safety and treatment outcome. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) is a standard therapeutic option for some types of mucopolysaccharidoses, including Morquio A syndrome caused by N-acetylgalactosamine-6-sulfate sulfatase (GALNS) deficiency. Current protocols tolerize patients using cytotoxic immunosuppressives, which can cause adverse effects.

Association of Smoking and Other Factors With the Outcome of Mohs Reconstruction Using Flaps or Grafts.

Importance: Smoking, a common lifestyle trait, is considered by many surgeons to be a major risk factor for postoperative complications. However, in the literature on local reconstruction, the association between smoking and the rate of postoperative complications after cutaneous tissue transfer is not well characterized.

Objective: To study the outcomes of flaps and grafts used in Mohs micrographic surgery reconstruction with respect to smoking status and patient-specific and surgery-specific variables.

Mechanical Strain of the Nasal Bilobed Transposition Flap-Graduated Changes in Skin Thickness Superiorly Displace the Location of the Pivot Point.

Background: The bilobed transposition flap recruits the relatively thinner and laxer skin of the nasal dorsum and sidewall to reconstruct defects of the more sebaceous nasal tip and alae. There have been no studies performed to quantify how the material properties of skin alter the bilobed flap's performance during nasal reconstruction.

Objective: To determine the effects of skin thickness and stiffness on bilobed flap mechanics to help guide flap design principles and optimize surgical outcomes.