Effects of sildenafil and tadalafil on skin flap viability.

Vascular complication is one of the causes of skin flap healing failure. Sildenafil and tadalafil, a type-5 phosphodiesterase inhibitor, can improve flap viability, however, the action mechanisms involved in this process are still unclear. To assess the effects of orally administered sildenafil and tadalafil on the healing kinetics and skin flap viability, sixty-two Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (n = 22), sildenafil (n = 20), and tadalafil (n = 20).

Risk of breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma in patients submitted to breast implantation: A systematic review.

Although breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL) is a rare disease, its incidence has been increasing. The aim of this study was to assess the risk of BIA-ALCL in women with breast implants. A systematic search was carried out in Pubmed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, LIVIVO, Cochrane Library, Google Scholar, and OpenGrey databases.

Effects of Ghrelin on the Oxidative Stress and Healing of the Colonic Anastomosis in Rats.

Background: Anastomotic leakage is the deadliest complication of colonic procedures. Ghrelin is an orexigenic hormone with potent actions on growth hormone release and functions in the processes of growth, tissue inflammation, repair, and oxidative stress. We evaluated the hypothesis that the exogenous administration of ghrelin causes beneficial effects on the healing of colonic anastomosis.

Early fragmentation of polyester urethane sheet neither causes persistent oxidative stress nor alters the outcome of normal tissue healing in rat skin.

Silicone breast implant is associated with complications inherent to the surgical procedure. Prosthesis coating with polyurethane, however, commonly reduces the incidence of such complications. In this paper, the authors evaluated the inflammatory histomorphometric profile and oxidative damage associated to the implant of polyester urethane sheets.

PERITONEAL ADHESIONS TYPE I, III AND TOTAL COLLAGEN ON POLYPROPYLENE AND COATED POLYPROPYLENE MESHES: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN RATS.

Background: Hernia correction is a routinely performed treatment in surgical practice. The improvement of the operative technique and available materials certainly has been a great benefit to the quality of surgical results. The insertion of prostheses for hernia correction is well-founded in the literature, and has become the standard of treatment when this type of disease is discussed.

Capsular Contracture In Silicone Breast Implants: Insights From Rat Models.

Breast augmentation with silicone implants is one of the most common procedures performed by plastic surgeons around the world. Capsular contracture is a frequent complication in breast augmentation and reconstructive surgery, that requires invasive intervention. The inflammatory response to implanted mammary prostheses appears to be directly associated to capsular contracture.

Effects of perioperative hypothermia and reactive oxygen species in the healing of colonic anastomosis in rats.

Purpose: We evaluated the hypothesis that induced perioperative hypothermia (32 ± 1ºC) affects the redox balance in the tissue of colonic anastomosis in rats by modifying biochemical enzymatic and non-enzymatic markers related to oxidative stress.

Methods: Forty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into eight experimental groups of six animals each and underwent laparotomy, sigmoid section and immediate anastomosis. Four groups were operated under normothermia (36 ± 1ºC), and the other four under hypothermia (32 ± 1ºC).

Median lethal needle caliber in two models of experimental sepsis.

Purpose: To estimate the median lethal needle caliber (LC50) of a new experimental sepsis model and compare it to the LC50 of the cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) sepsis model.

Methods: Male albino Wistar rats were studied (n=22). Animals were allocated into two study groups.

[Intestinal microbiota].

There is accumulative evidence on the multiple functions of the intestinal microflora in relation to the homeostasis of the host. At first considered as a simple mutualism, today this relationship proves to be essential to the health and to pathologic processes, particularly metabolic (eg, obesity) and gastrointestinal (eg, inflammatory bowel disease and functional disorders). The first studies were conducted on the microbiota from fecal material cultured anaerobically.

Phosphodiesterase 5 as target for adipose tissue disorders.

Introduction: Adipose tissue as an endocrine organ is responsible for the release of multiple cytokines, which have the most diverse metabolic functions. Therefore, it is extremely important to preserve its physiological health in order to avoid local and systemic disorders. Experiments available in literature show the importance of the nitric oxide (NO)/guanosine 3'5' cyclic monophosphate (cGMP)/protein kinase G (PKG) pathway in adipocyte biology.

Gastric histopathology in laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy: pre- and post-operative comparison.

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) produces excellent results in weight reduction and resolution of comorbidities. The histology of the gastric mucosa can be affected by the surgical procedure, with alterations of inflammatory patterns. The objective of this study is to evaluate alterations of the inflammatory patterns of the gastric mucosa in SG and the results in weight loss and resolution of comorbidities.

Evaluation of immunohistochemical expression of ghrelin-producing rectal cells in Wistar rats receiving the cafeteria diet.

Purpose: To investigate the impact of cafeteria diet on ghrelin expression in rectal tissue and identify the morphologic cell type.

Methods: Twenty-four male Wistar rats were divided into four subgroups of six animals each: RC1 (rat chow 1) and CAF1 (cafeteria diet 1) for a period of 30 days; RC2 (rat chow 2) and CAF2 (cafeteria diet 2) for a period of 60 days. The animal and rectal weight, the number and the type of immunoreactive ghrelin cells were recorded and compared between the subgroups.

Effects of perioperative hypothermia on healing of anastomosis of the colon in rats.

Objective: We evaluated the hypothesis that induced perioperative hypothermia in rats causes adverse effects on the healing of colonic anastomosis.

Materials And Methods: Forty-eight Wistar rats were divided into eight groups of six animals that underwent laparotomy, sigmoid section, and anastomosis. Four groups were operated under normothermic conditions (36 ± 1 °C) and four under hypothermic conditions (32 ± 1 °C).

Quantitative immunohistochemical analysis of duodenal ghrelin cells after sleeve gastrectomy in Wistar rats.

Purpose: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) removes substantial part of the gastric mucosa, which produces ghrelin. This reduction is expected to force other organs, such as the duodenum, to compensate by increasing the number of ghrelin-producing cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether this response occurs.

Possible migration and histopathological analysis of injections of polymethylmethacrylate in wistar rats.

Objective. To evaluate the possible migration of polymethylmethacrylate after injections in various corporal compartments of Wistar rats. Methods.

Vascular endothelial growth factor overexpression positively modulates the characteristics of periprosthetic tissue of polyurethane-coated silicone breast implant in rats.

Background: Capsular contracture is one of the most common complications associated with silicone breast implants. The surface of the implant is one of the factors often associated with the occurrence of capsular contracture. In this study, the authors evaluated the differences in morphologic and molecular characteristics of the capsule formed around polyurethane-coated versus textured-surface silicone implants in rats, mainly the modifications in angiogenesis and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF).

Cited Brazilian papers in general surgery between 1970 and 2009.

Objectives: To identify the most cited articles in general surgery published by Brazilian authors.

Introduction: There are several ways for the international community to recognize the quality of a scientific article. Although controversial, the most widely used and reliable methodology to identify the importance of an article is citation analysis.

The use of amniotic membrane in the repair of duodenal wounds in Wistar rats.

Purpose: In the search of a new material to repair duodenal wounds, a trial was conducted to assess the behavior of human amniotic membrane in the repair of the duodenal wall in rats.

Methods: Fifty Wistar rats weighing between 250 and 350g, male, were submitted to duodenotomy and randomly distributed into two groups. Group A (n=8) had no treatment and was used as the control group.

Is animal experimentation fundamental?

The understanding about the utilization of experimental animals in scientific research and in teaching is many times a complex issue. Special attention needs to be paid to attain the understanding by the general public of the importance of animal experimentation in experimental research and in undergraduate medical teaching. Experimental teaching and research based on the availability of animals for experimentation is important and necessary for the personal and scientific development of the physician-to-be.

Histological study on acute inflammatory reaction to polyurethane-coated silicone implants in rats.

Purpose: Evaluating histologically the silicone peri-implant coated by polyurethane inflammation associated to the use of anti-microbial and bacterial contamination.

Methods: It was used 35 Wistar rats. The animals were divided in seven groups: I - Control; II - implant cavity contamination with 10 bacteria/ml; III - implant cavity contamination with 10 bacteria/ml; IV - implant cavity contamination with 10 bacteria/ml; V - identical contamination to group II and implant immersions in anti-microbial solution; VI - identical contamination in group III and implant immersions in the anti-microbial solution; VII - identical contamination of group IV and implant immersions in anti-microbial solution.

Tensile strength study of the abdominal wall following laparotomy synthesis using three types of surgical wires in Wistar rats.

Purpose: To study the tensile strength of the abdominal wall following laparotomy synthesis utilizing three types of surgical wires.

Methods: Thirty Wistar rats were randomized into three groups of ten rats each. Each group underwent a 3cm-laparotomy which was closed with 3-0 polyglactin 910, polyglecrapone and catgut wires.

Considerations that may influence the result of trials assessing tensile strength in experimental surgery.

Purpose: To provide information gathered upon the execution of trials assessing tensile strength in experimental surgeries.

Methods: Descriptive study considering details on the execution of trials assessing tensile strength in experimental surgery.

Results: The analysis of the rupture force in a mechanical test machine is an adequate technique since it provides precise and quick results.

Sleeve gastrectomy model in Wistar rats.

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy (SG) has been used for the surgical treatment of morbid obesity, as a first step or as a definitive treatment. The objective of this pilot study was to establish an animal model for SG in Wistar rats.

Methods: 12 male Wistar rats were operated on.

Histological study of the liver and biochemistry of the blood of Wistar rats following ligature of right hepatic duct.

Purpose: To observe the histological alterations in the liver and biochemistry in the blood that can happen in Wistar rat, after the ligature of right hepatic duct.

Methods: In this study were used rats (n=46) of Wistar pedigree. The animal groups (n=46) were distributed in 6 experimented sub-groups (n=6).